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Tomasz P. "Tom" Malinowski (born September 23, 1965) is an American diplomat who served as Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor from 2014 to 2017.

Early life and education
Malinowski was born in Słupsk, Poland and lived in Brwinów until he left the country at the age of six with his mother, Joanna, who married Blair Clark. He was raised in Princeton, New Jersey and graduated from Princeton High School in 1983, where he wrote for the school newspaper and was an intern in the office of Senator Bill Bradley. Malinowski received a bachelor of arts in political science from the University of California, Berkeley in 1987 and a master of philosophy from Oxford University in 1991, where he was a Rhodes Scholar.

Early Political Career
Malinowski began his government career as a Special Assistant for Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan in 1988. After attending Oxford, Malinowski worked for the Institute for Human Sciences in Vienna, Austria, and later as a research assistant for the Ford Foundation in 1993. From 1994 to 1998, Malinowski was a speechwriter for Secretaries of State Warren Christopher and Madeleine Albright, as well as a member of the Policy Planning Staff at the Department of State. From 1998 to 2001, Malinowski served as Senior Director on the National Security Council at the White House, where he oversaw the drafting of President Bill Clinton's foreign policy speeches and strategic communications efforts around the world.

Human Rights Watch
From 2001 to 2013, Malinowski was the Washington Director for Human Rights Watch. In this position, he advocated for the end of torture techniques and black sites utilized by the U.S. Government during the course of the War on Terror. He campaigned for democratic reforms in Myanmar and for financial sanctions on the country's leadership. Malinowski argued for the recognition of women's rights as a precondition to any peace talks with the Taliban. He also pushed for a no-fly zone in Syria during the ongoing civil war.

Obama Administration
Malinowski was seen by some as a likely nominee for Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor but his previous registration as a lobbyist while at Human Rights Watch necessitated a waiver from the President. On July 8, 2013, during President Obama's second term, Malinowski was nominated to serve as Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. Malinowski testified before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee on September 24, 2013 and was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on April 2, 2014. . During his confirmation, Malinowski received bipartisan praise for his efforts to eradicate torture.

While working in the State Department, Malinowski spearheaded efforts to assist persecuted religious minorities targeted by ISIS in Iraq. He also oversaw efforts to sanction North Korean officials for human rights abuses and increase the flow of uncensored information into the country. He led State Department efforts to defend the LGBT community around the world and oversaw the appointment of the first Special Envoy for LGBT rights. Malinowski backed United Nations' efforts to investigate possible war crimes committed during the Sri Lankan Civil War. He also worked on decreasing civilian casualties from US military operations in the Middle East and assisted with sanctioning Russian officials for human rights abuses.

In July 2014, Malinowski was expelled by the Bahrain's government after meeting with members of an opposition group in the course of a scheduled visit. The foreign ministry of Bahrain argued that Malinowski's meeting improperly intervened in the country's affairs but noted the incident would not affect Bahrain–United States relations. The U.S. State Department released a statement of concern about the actions while Secretary of State John Kerry called Bahrain's actions unacceptable and contrary to diplomatic protocol. Malinowski returned to the country in December 2014 with the Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs.

Following the end of his tenure at the State Department, Malinowski joined fellow former Obama officials to lobby Congress in an effort to prevent the Trump Administration from lifting the sanctions on Russia following its invasion of Ukraine.