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On November 19, 1493 Christopher Columbus discovered the island in his second voyage to the New World. He found the island populated by as many as 50,000 Taíno or Arawak Indians. The Taíno Indians who greeted Columbus made a big mistake when they showed him gold nuggets in the river and told him to take all he wanted. Originally the newcomers called the island San Juan Bautista, for St. John the Baptist and the town was named Puerto Rico ("rich port") for its abundance of natural resources, especially gold and its excellent location. It was not until later that the two names were switched. New York has a rich past with Puerto Rican immigrants, migrants, and eventually, natives. Puerto Ricans began immigrating to New York during the 19th century. Since the 1930s, the capital of Puerto Rican culture in the mainland U.S. has been New York City. The new migrants settled in great numbers in Northeast Manhattan, in a neighborhood that soon became known as Spanish Harlem. many migrants struggled with poverty, unemployment, and racial discrimination in their new home. Darker-skinned Puerto Ricans often found themselves excluded from jobs, education, and housing, and were frequently attacked by non-Puerto Rican street gangs. Today, Puerto Ricans serve New York in the city, state, and federal governments; in 1992, New Yorker Nydia Velázquez became the first woman of Puerto Rican descent to be elected to the U.S. Congress. The Puerto Rican Day parade has become one of the largest parades for any national or ethnic group in the city. The 20th century also marked a crucial cultural movement for Puerto Ricans living in New York. Writer Jesús Colón started the movement Nuyorican (New York Rican). With this movement, the identities of New Yorker and Puerto Rican were inseparably merged, thereby solidifying the historically unstable Puerto Ricans’ position in New York City. https://welcome.topuertorico.org/history.shtml https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/usa/new-york/new-york-city/articles/a-brief-history-of-puerto-ricans-in-new-york/ https://www.loc.gov/classroom-materials/immigration/puerto-rican-cuban/in-spanish-harlem/