User:Irishou/sandbox

Big picture ideas and topics to address
Disparities in women's health and difference between men and women's health; other than biological reasons, why are specific focuses needed for these genders?

There is a women's health page, but a there is no men's health page. What does this mean for both genders? How is it hurting both genders by failing to provide apt comparison between the two? How does it perpetuate misunderstandings between genders? Unpack this.

Other than just diagnosis, what are the next steps in terms of treatment after being diagnosed? What are the possibilities with the resources that exist in developing areas and how accessible are those resources to women, specifically women who have a positive diagnosis? Mention cryotherapy and other treatment methods -- the steps following diagnosis and their larger effect.

Visualize cervical cancer more broadly, and recognize the different factors that affect women in terms of resources, access, procedures, diagnosis and treatment, and impact. Argue that since this issue affects women, it also affects the entire family structure. Mention women's roles in these developing areas (which tend to be more traditional) and how a positive diagnosis and/or the presence of cervical cancer can affect this family structure and its dependents.

Cervical cancer
"Non-reproductive health" heading - possibly change to "cancers" for clarity; reevaluate organization

make clear the relationship between fatality rate and people not going to get checkups (over 275,000 women die in LMICs; how many of those women die because they did not get checked?)

define all terms explicitly and clearly: VIA and cryotherapy, etc.

comparing Ghana to a neighbor country or a country that is more similar to them in structure/organization and other ways

clarify disorganized health structure in Ghana; specific definitions of organized and disorganized

what does it look like to adopt VIA, how long would it take, how is it manifested, why aren't people doing it now

Compare developed and developing countries more to provide specific differences (use Thailand and Ghana as comparison between different types of governments and structures)

Breast cancer
higher fatality rate compared to cervical cancer, or higher fatality rate compared to other countries of breast cancer?

* more varied and diverse citations; use multiple sources; can have similar information, but diversify in order to provide more cross-support

possible options: Women's health, Cervical cancer, Cervical screening, Women in Ghana, Health in Ghana

Cervical cancer
One of the benefits of VIA is that it is a single-visit procedure that is relatively simple and efficient. Women only need to visit the place of VIA administration once to receive both the procedure and the diagnosis, while methods like the Pap smear require two visitations. This can be more accessible for women in developing countries who have difficulty traveling to other areas due to time or effort. However, a drawback to the procedure is that there are higher instances of false positives with VIA than with other methods. In addition, the knowledge of how to perform VIA is less widespread than is the knowledge of the Pap smear, particularly in these developing areas. According to a specific study, following appropriate testing and research measures, VIA is safe to use in countries like Ghana, with supporting statistics of women who were tested and treated. This study specifically pertains to urban areas such as Accra, Ghana.

The initiation and implementation of cervical cancer prevention programs using VIA and cryotherapy has also been known to take place in countries like Thailand and Ghana. However, the differences in implementation and use of VIA between these two countries, creates a distinction between the capabilities of Thailand, which has a stronger health infrastructure and governmental assistance, and of Ghana, which has a more disorganized health infrastructure. Therefore, these programs strongly depend on their integration into existing structures and the ability of countries' health professionals to enact these measures, which varies from country to country depending on other governmental structures.

The feasibility and benefits of Ghana adopting the VIA procedure largely have to do with its status as a "developing country". Other lower and lower-middle income countries should be the most likely to utilize VIA as a procedure, just because of its accessibility in terms of procedure and resources required.

Breast cancer
Breast cancer has a higher fatality rate in Ghana (but can also be applied/compared to other developing countries with similar environments and situations) due to poor methods of control and awareness. Based on specific data gathered in a study, there are a few ways to provide screening in a cost-effective yet accurate form. One of these methods is

Area
Culture of Ghana

All of the headings in the article are outwardly relevant to the article topic, but many of the headings have extremely sparse information. Under the "Customs", "Cuisine", and "Festival" headings, which seem to be integral to any country's culture, there is only about a sentence for each. The amount of information provided per heading is disproportionate; the most information provided for each is about the Ghanaian ethnic groups (which only mention six and go in-depth about four, although the article also states that there are "dozens" of ethnic groups) and sports in Ghana (particularly football). The ethnic group descriptions do not have any citations, but rather most of the citations and links are in the "Superstition" and "Sports" headings. This stark imbalance of information and difference of category prioritization is quite distracting and almost comical, because it is clear what the contributor(s) saw as important.

In terms of possibilities for learning, I think that the topic of culture in Ghana would be very helpful in giving me a better idea of what to expect when I'm on my practice experience, and how I am expected to and should interact with Ghanaian people. I think delving deeper into the history, traditions, and customs of Ghana will give me a richer understanding of their background and give me more context into an average Ghanaian person's outlook and sense of nationality, which would definitely influence their thought process and help me best understand and approach people while I am in Ghana.

The disparity of information provided in the article does not convey a holistic or accurate sense of what Ghanaian culture is truly like. I feel that the other categories that comprise a country's culture can be fleshed out. Also, there seems to be a couple of statements interspersed throughout the article that are rather superlative and that are not supported by any citations. The existing citations do link to certain pages when clicked, but one was a dissertation that had not been peer reviewed, and another was a CNN article; and to my knowledge, neither of these sources were deemed appropriate by Wikipedia. The main problem of this article is a lack of pertinent and meaningful information, as well as a lack of citations to support that information.

Sector
Health in Ghana

The beginning overview/summary of main points is a single sentence, which in the Wikipedia training was indicative of an article that is not strong/well-organized. Overall, I would say that most of the information is pertinent to the article topic. However, the "Water resources" subheading seemed a bit disjointed and was unclear about how it related back to water sanitation, and therefore health in Ghana. Other than that, the only improvements that I think could be made to this page are adding more information about categories and topics that were not covered, such as a more expansive history of Ghana's healthcare, descriptions and effects of more diseases in Ghana, and more subheadings and details about the different aspects of women's health. While there seems to be some superlative statements, it appears that most, if not all, have a citation along with them. When testing the citations, I was linked to pages from WHO, NIH, Ghana news agencies, and pages of specific Ghanaian foundations, which were not considered "good sources" by the Wikipedia trainings.

Some learning possibilities in this article would be the chance to address specific diseases such as cervical cancer, which is one of the central focuses of my practice experience, and expanding the article to include midwives and their role in health, as well as midwifery schools as institutions. This could also tie into gender empowerment, which could be linked to the "Women in Ghana" Wikipedia page.

Area
Women in Ghana

history, microfinance efforts, neonatal health, economic standing (under "employment")

Culture of Ghana

Ghanaian people

Social conduct in Ghana

Sector
Health in Ghana

history (more), health education, health disparities, health literacy, healthcare, malnutrition

Cervical cancer

Cervical screening

Women's health

Women in Ghana Reference Annotations:
This reference will contribute information that ties together women's education, economic status, and maternal health and how it impacts their empowerment. This relationship mapping will describe how likely it is for women to have certain access to aspects that can ascertain and ensure maternal health when that coincides with another trait.

This source mostly speaks to the gender norms and traditions that are instilled upon women, and how those contribute to the inequality that is inherent in poverty. This means that there is a greater effect on women.

This reference can be added to the "Health" category, but can be used to add a Sexual and Reproductive Health subheading. The source describes women's use of contraceptives, such as condoms, their tendency for abortion, and how this all affects their education of sexual violence.

Health in Ghana Reference Annotations:
The "Disease" heading is severely lacking in description of diseases other than HIV/AIDS, so this reference would add information about the types of cancers common in Ghana and their percentage of occurrence in males and females; it would mostly give a broader overview of what is occurring and the specific statistics.

This reference would contribute to the "Disease" heading under the new subheading of "Cancer", specifically breast cancer. The information used would specify its origins in Kumasi, but would be used to classify possible treatments and preventative measures that exist and are used to battle breast cancer, such as adjuvant therapy and hormone status evaluation.

Adding to the "Disease" heading, this reference would contribute to the "Cancer" subheading, specifically under cervical cancer. The information in the reference would describe the statistics of those affected by cervical cancer and to describe the epidemiology of cervical cancer in Ghana as a whole, although the data was taken specifically from Accra. More specifically, it will contribute information and statistics for cancer prevention.