User:Irodriguez69/True hermaphroditism

Variations
It is documented to show up in 4 different variations. Those being Bilateral, Unilateral, Lateral, and Indeterminate.[c]


 * Bilateral - both the ovaries and testicle tissues appear on both sides.[c]
 * Unilateral - on one side there is what is known as ovotestis (both ovary and testicle tissue), and the other side has either ovary tissue or testicular tissue - not both.[c]
 * Lateral - both testicular and ovary tissue are present, but are on opposite sides.[c]
 * Indeterminate - it is known that the condition is present, but it isn't evident as to where the testicular or ovary tissue is located.[c]

[cite]

Causes
There are several ways in which this may occur.


 * It can be caused by the division of one ovum, followed by fertilization of each haploid ovum and fusion of the two zygotes early in development.
 * Alternately, an ovum can be fertilized by two sperm followed by trisomic rescue in one or more daughter cells.
 * Two ova fertilized by two sperm cells will occasionally fuse to form a tetragametic chimera, if one male zygote and one female zygote fuse.
 * It can be associated with a mutation in the SRY gene.

Note: ''The SRY gene has a 10 to 30% of showing up in those that are found to have true hermaphroditism. Due to the genetic makeup of a SRY gene, it implies that true hermaphroditism is more of a heterogeneous condition.''[cite]

Prevalence
True hermaphroditism represents 5% of all sex disorder differentiations.

The exact number of confirmed cases is uncertain, but by 1991 approximately 500 cases had been confirmed.

It has also been estimated that more than 525 have been documented.

While it can appear anywhere in the world, and be reported or unreported, the greatest amounts reported of true hermaphroditism is from Africa and Europe.[cite]