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Glaciers. Glaciers cover Antarctica and some places in Greenland, Iceland, Canada, Russia and Alaska. Glaciers are a large masses of ice that flow slowly under the influence of gravity. Glaciers consist of packed snow that has built up over many years. Glaciers scrape the ground as they move over it, eroding old landforms and creating new ones. Glaciers form in areas where some snow remains on the ground throughout the year. This snow accumulates in layers over hundreds or thousands of years. Eventually the weight of the upper snow layers compress the lower layers into tiny pellets of ice called firn. At greater depths, the weight further compress firn into solid ice. As snow turns into firn and ice, the frozen mass becomes more dense. With enough pressure, the ice can begin to flow, and the mass becomes a glacier. The snow’s weight eventually compresses its lower layers into ice.

CITATIONS http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/glacier.aspx http://worldbookonline.com/wb/Login?ed=wb