User:Ixtal/ElectionsPresidentialPV

Draft Completion: ~60% as of 28 Sept.

The Basque Country is an autonomous community of Spain, bordering the Bay of Biscay to the North, the Pyrenees, Navarre and France to the East, La Rioja to the South, and Cantabria and Castile and León to the West. It includes the provinces of Álava, Biscay, and Gipuzkoa.

The community was granted nationality status within Spain through the 1978 Constitution, which was then followed by the Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country of 1979, which is the legal document upon which the community is organized. While Vitoria-Gasteiz serves as the de facto capital as the seat of government, there is no official capital.

The unique political situation of the Basque Country is due in large part due to its historical rights, known as fueros, which allowed the region to a limited self-governance for most of the second millennium. These rights had been suspended by the Francoist government, but reinstated with the 1979 Statute. This political issue is as significant to voters in the Basque country as other major global issues such as economic policy and social policy.

The Basque Country has participated in 16 general elections since the restoration of democracy in 1977, 3 in the Second Spanish Republic, 21 to the Restored Cortes Generales, and 31 to the Congress of Deputies going as far back as 1869, for a total of 71. However, it is important to note that up until the Second Republic election data was altered by the Government.

General elections of the Cortes de Cadiz
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For elections before xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, the elections were not based on parties but rather on individuals. However, the provinces of Álava, Gipuzkoa and Biscay all participated in electing "proprietary" candidates—i.e. candidates who owned property in the province of their candidacy.

In 1810, all property-owning or scholarly males of 25 years and older were able to both vote and be elected. From 1813 until the elections under Isabella II of Spain beginning in 1834, the voting requirements amended to men of 21 and older that were registered and resided in the province, while the requirements for candidates were increased to men of 25 and older that were registered and resided in the province and had a "proportionate" annual income derived from one's own means.

† Indicates a deputy that was annulled by the Cortes after that election

‡ Indicates a deputy that did not form part of the Cortes, either dying before taking office or being otherwise incapable of doing so (such as military command)

General elections during the reign of Isabella II of Spain
After the beginning of the liberal queen Isabella, the voting system was changed to one of masculine census suffrage, while the requirements for candidates became more rigorous, requiring various combinations of certain income conditions, nationality of the province, secularity, "intellectual capacity", and a number of years of residence in the province. † Indicates a deputy that was annulled by the Cortes after that election

‡ Indicates a deputy that did not form part of the Cortes, either dying before taking office or being otherwise incapable of doing so (such as military command)

Indent indicates a deputy that was substituted

Representation during Franco's Regime


Dictator Francisco Franco came to power in 1939 after the Spanish Civil War and moved to replace the Congress of Deputies with the Cortes Españolas (Spanish Courts) which would follow the example of Italian corporatism. The new courts would replace the representative democracy with a body that would channel the so-called natural entities of the state: families, municipalities, and unions. These families were not biological families, but instead the various right-wing parties within the Franco regime. Thus, no general elections were held in the Basque Country during this time.

General elections after Franco
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UCD merged in 1983 with CDS, which then merged with PP in 2006. IU merged in 2016 with Unidas Podemos EE merged in 1991 with PSE, resulting in the formation of PSE-EE. Some members disagreed and founded a party which merged with EA soon after.