User:JCDenton2052/Sandbox17

=Secession crisis of 2009=

nullification

sovereignty

http://www.familysecuritymatters.org/publications/id.2533/pub_detail.asp

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB124044199838345461.html

http://www.tenthamendmentcenter.com/2009/02/23/state-sovereignty-resolutions/

http://www.downsizedc.org/etp/campaigns/87

Alabama
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House Joint Resolution 298 In committee, March 5.
 * BE IT RESOLVED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF ALABAMA, BOTH HOUSES THEREOF CONCURRING, That the State of Alabama hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.


 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, That this resolution serves as notice and demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.


 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, That all compulsory federal legislation that directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed.

House Resolution 883 In committee, May 14.
 * BE IT RESOLVED BY THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE LEGISLATURE OF ALABAMA, That we hereby claim sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.


 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, That this resolution serves as notice and demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.


 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, That all compulsory federal legislation that directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed.

Senate Joint Resolution 117 In committee, April 23.
 * BE IT RESOLVED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF ALABAMA, BOTH HOUSES THEREOF CONCURRING, That the State of Alabama hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.


 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, That this resolution serves as notice and demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.


 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, That all compulsory federal legislation that directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed.

Senate Joint Resolution 156 In committee, May 15.
 * BE IT RESOLVED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF ALABAMA, BOTH HOUSES THEREOF CONCURRING, That the State of Alabama hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.


 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, That this resolution serves as notice and demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.


 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, That all compulsory federal legislation that directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed.

Alaska
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House Joint Resolution 27 Senate passed 19-0-1, House passed 40-0, April 19.
 * BE IT RESOLVED that the Alaska State Legislature hereby claims sovereignty for the state under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States; and be it


 * FURTHER RESOLVED that this resolution serves as Notice and Demand to the federal government to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.

House Resolution 9 In committee, March 13.
 * BE IT RESOLVED that the House of Representatives hereby claims sovereignty for the state under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States; and be it


 * FURTHER RESOLVED that this resolution serves as Notice and Demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers; and be it

FURTHER RESOLVED that all compulsory federal legislation that directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed.

Senate Joint Resolution 20 In committee, April 7.
 * BE IT RESOLVED that the Alaska State Legislature hereby claims sovereignty for the state under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States; and be it


 * FURTHER RESOLVED that this resolution serves as Notice and Demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers; and be it


 * FURTHER RESOLVED that all compulsory federal legislation that directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties, or sanctions, or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed.

Arizona
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House Concurrent Resolution 2024 Referred to floor, April 14.
 * Therefore Be it resolved by the House of Representatives of the State of Arizona, the Senate concurring:


 * 1. That the State of Arizona hereby expresses intent to claim sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government or reserved to the people by the Constitution of the United States.


 * 2. That this Resolution serves as notice and demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.


 * 3. That all compulsory federal legislation that directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed.

Senate Concurrent Resolution 1038 Introduced, February 2.
 * Therefore Be it resolved by the Senate of the State of Arizona, the House of Representatives concurring, that:


 * 1. That the State of Arizona hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.


 * 2. That this Resolution serves as notice and demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.


 * 3. That all compulsory federal legislation that directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed.

Arkansas
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California
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Colorado
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Connecticut
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Delaware
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Georgia
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House Resolution 280 ...

House Resolution 470 ...

House Resolution 492 ...

House Resolution 773 ...

House Resolution 776 ...

Senate Resolution 327 ...

Senate Resolution 632 ...

http://blogs.ajc.com/jay-bookman-blog/2009/04/16/georgia-senate-threatens-dismantling-of-usa/

http://www.onlineathens.com/stories/042609/opi_432881423.shtml

Hawaii
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Idaho
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House Joint Memorial 4
 * WHEREAS, Congress has inappropriately delegated its monetary authority to the private federal reserve bank, thus failing to protect and provide a sound monetary system as defined and mandated by the Constitution of the United States, forcing an unstable currency on us resulting in the past, and the current, economic perils;


 * NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the members of the First Regular Session of the Sixtieth Idaho Legislature, the House of Representatives and the Senate concurring therein, that the state of Idaho hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.


 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that this serves as notice and demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.


 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that all compulsory federal legislation that directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions, or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding, be prohibited.

Illinois
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Senate Resolution 181
 * RESOLVED, BY THE SENATE OF THE NINETY-SIXTH GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, that we hereby claim sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States; and be it further


 * RESOLVED, That this resolution serve as a notice and demand to the federal government to maintain the balance of powers established by the Constitution of the United States and to cease and desist, effective immediately, any and all mandates that are beyond the scope of its constitutionally delegated powers

Indiana
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House Concurrent Resolution 50
 * Be it resolved by the House of Representatives of the General Assembly of the State of Indiana, the Senate concurring:


 * SECTION 1. That the Indiana General Assembly hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise delegated to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.


 * SECTION 2. That this resolution serve as a reminder to the federal government of the balance of powers mandated by the Constitution of the United States and request a cessation immediately of any and all mandates that are beyond the scope of its constitutionally delegated powers.

Senate Concurrent Resolution 37
 * Be it resolved by the Senate of the General Assembly of the State of Indiana, the House of Representatives concurring:


 * SECTION 1: That the State of Indiana hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.


 * SECTION 2: That this Resolution serve as a Notice and Demand to the federal government to maintain the balance of powers where the Constitution of the United States established it and to cease and desist, effective immediately, any and all mandates that are beyond the scope of its constitutionally delegated powers.

Senate Concurrent Resolution 42
 * Be it resolved by the Senate of the General Assembly of the State of Indiana:


 * SECTION 1: That the State of Indiana hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.


 * SECTION 2: That this Resolution serve as a Notice and Demand to the federal government to maintain the balance of powers where the Constitution of the United States established it and to cease and desist, effective immediately, any and all mandates that are beyond the scope of its constitutionally delegated powers.


 * SECTION 3: That all compulsory federal regulation that directs Indiana and her sister states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions, or directs states to pass conforming legislation under threat of losing federal funding, be prohibited or repealed.

Iowa
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House Concurrent Resolution 6
 * BE IT RESOLVED BY THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, THE SENATE CONCURRING, That the State of Iowa hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States; and
 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, That the Iowa General Assembly demands that the federal government, as its agent, cease and desist, effective immediately, enacting federal mandates on the states that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers

Senate Concurrent Resolution 1
 * BE IT RESOLVED BY THE SENATE, THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES CONCURRING, That the State of Iowa hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States; and
 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, That the Iowa General Assembly demands that the federal government, as its agent, cease and desist, effective immediately, enacting federal mandates on the states that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers

Kansas
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Kentucky
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House Concurrent Resolution 168 Introduced February 24.
 * NOW, THEREFORE, Be it resolved by the House of Representatives of the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, the Senate concurring therein:


 * Section 1. The Commonwealth of Kentucky hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.


 * Section 2. This Resolution serves as notice and demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.


 * Section 3. It is the position of the Commonwealth of Kentucky that all compulsory federal legislation that directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions, or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed.

House Concurrent Resolution 172 Introduced February 24.
 * NOW, THEREFORE, Be it resolved by the House of Representatives of the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, the Senate concurring therein:


 * Section 1. The Commonwealth of Kentucky hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment of the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.


 * Section 2. This Resolution serves as notice and demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.


 * Section 3. All compulsory federal legislation which directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions, or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding, should be prohibited or repealed.


 * Section 4. Neither the federal government nor its agencies, in or out of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, shall assist or allow enforcement in the Commonwealth of Kentucky by any federal or other government agency of any law or regulation, which shall violate any or all of the Bill of Rights of the Commonwealth of Kentucky.

Louisiana
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Maine
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Maryland
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Massachusetts
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Michigan
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Minnesota
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House F 997 Introduced February 19.
 * NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Legislature of the State of Minnesota that it urges the President and the Congress of the United States to halt the federal government's practice of imposing mandates upon the states for purposes not enumerated by the Constitution of the United States, and that it affirms Minnesota's sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.

House F 998 Introduced February 19.
 * NOW THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Legislature of the State of Minnesota that the State of Minnesota hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States, and that this resolution serves as notice and demand to the federal government as our agent to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.

House F 1437 Introduced March 9.
 * NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Legislature of the State of Minnesota that it urges the President and the Congress of the United States to halt the federal government's practice of imposing mandates upon the states for purposes not enumerated by the Constitution of the United States, and that it affirms Minnesota's sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.

Senate F 592 Introduced February 12.
 * NOW THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Legislature of the State of Minnesota that the State of Minnesota hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States, and that this resolution serves as notice and demand to the federal government as our agent to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.

Senate F 1289 Introduced March 9.
 * NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Legislature of the State of Minnesota that it urges the President and the Congress of the United States to halt the federal government's practice of imposing mandates upon the states for purposes not enumerated by the Constitution of the United States, and that it affirms Minnesota's sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.

Mississippi
Search House Concurrent Resolution 69
 * NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI, THE SENATE CONCURRING THEREIN, That the State of Mississippi hereby reinforces the fundamental principles and authority of state sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States and discourage the federal government, as our agent, from imposing certain restrictive mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.

Senate Concurrent Resolution 630
 * NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE SENATE OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI, THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES CONCURRING THEREIN, That the State of Mississippi hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.


 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, That this serve as Notice and Demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.


 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, That all compulsory federal legislation which directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed.

Missouri
Search House Concurrent Resolution 13
 * Now, therefore, be it resolved that the members of the House of Representatives of the Ninety-fifth General Assembly, First Regular Session, the Senate concurring therein, hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States; and


 * Be it further resolved that this concurrent resolution serve as Notice and Demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers; and


 * Be it further resolved that all compulsory federal legislation which directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed

House Resolution 212

House Resolution 1094
 * Whereas, the founders of this nation rejected the principles of socialism, communism and other forms of tyrannical governments that allow for redistribution of the wealth, preferring instead to set up a constitutional republic form of government, based upon Judeo-Christian beliefs, that encourages personal responsibility


 * Whereas, the economic principles that allowed our country to flourish and prosper were based upon our trust in God, hard work, high moral standards, and private charity, all which are suppressed in the socialist model


 * Now, therefore, be it resolved that we, the members of the Missouri House of Representatives, Ninety-fifth General Assembly, hereby declare our sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States; and


 * Be it further resolved that the state of Missouri will be under no obligation to comply with any international treaties that undermine our God given rights to direct our families and our children in a manner consistent with our religious beliefs and heritage; and


 * Be it further resolved that this resolution serve as Notice and Decree to the federal government, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of its constitutionally delegated powers, especially those based upon unproven science such as a global warming crisis as well as mandates that show no regard for free market solutions to motor vehicle manufacturing and operation and energy generation options; and


 * Be it further resolved that all compulsory federal legislation which directs states to comply under threat of penalties, sanctions, or financial manipulations or which requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed as long as such federal funds are collected in any part from the tax paying citizens or businesses of the sovereign State of Missouri

Montana
Search House Joint Resolution 26 Failed in the House by a vote of 51-49.
 * NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE SENATE AND THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE STATE OF MONTANA:


 * (1) That the several states of the United States are not united on the principle of unlimited submission to general government, but by ratifying the federal Constitution and Bill of Rights, they constituted a general government for special purposes and delegated to that government certain definite powers, while reserving all other rights.


 * (2) That when the general government assumes undelegated powers, its acts are void and of no force.


 * (3) That the government created by the federal Constitution and Bill of Rights was not granted the right to determine the extent of the powers delegated to itself, since that would have made its discretion, and not the federal Constitution and Bill of Rights, the measure of its powers.


 * (4) That the federal Constitution and Bill of Rights delegated to Congress a power to punish treason, counterfeiting of the securities and current coin of the United States, piracies, felonies committed on the high seas, offenses against the law of nations, slavery, and no other crimes.


 * (5) That all acts of Congress that assume to create, define, or punish crimes, other than those enumerated in the federal constitution and Bill of Rights, are void and of no force.


 * (6) That the power to create, define, and punish other crimes is reserved by the states.


 * (7) That power over the freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and freedom of the press remains and is reserved by the states or the people, allowing states the right to judge how far the licentiousness of speech and of the press may be abridged without lessening their useful freedom and how far those abuses, which cannot be separated from their use, should be tolerated, rather than allowing the use to be destroyed.


 * (8) That states are guarded against all abridgment by the United States of the freedom of religious opinions and exercises and retain the right of protecting the same.


 * (9) That all acts of Congress that abridge freedom of religion, freedom of speech, or freedom of the press are not law and are void.


 * (10) That power over the freedom of the right to keep and bear arms was reserved to the states and to the people, allowing states the right to judge how far infringements on the right to bear arms should be tolerated, rather than allowing that exercise to be defined by Congress.


 * (11) That states and the people are guarded against all abridgment by the United States of the right to keep and bear arms and retain the right of protecting that right.


 * (12) That all acts of Congress that abridge the right to bear arms are not law and are void.


 * (13) That Congress's interpretation of those parts of the federal Constitution and Bill of Rights that delegate to Congress a power "to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defence and general welfare of the United States" and "to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof" has attempted to destroy the limits of its power.


 * (14) That those parts of the federal Constitution and Bill of Rights, detailed in subsection (13), must not be construed to give unlimited powers to the federal government, and that Congress's inappropriate interpretation must be revised and corrected.


 * (15) That if Montana accepts these inappropriate interpretations and continues to allow Congress to exercise unbridled authority, it would be surrendering its own form of government.


 * (16) That the people of this state will not submit to undelegated and consequently unlimited powers.


 * (17) That every state has a right to nullify all assumptions of power by others within their limits, and that without this right, states would be under the dominion and power of anyone who might try to exercise that power.


 * (18) That it would be a dangerous delusion to silence people's fears for the safety of their rights.


 * (19) That this state calls on its costates for an expression of their sentiments on acts not authorized by the United States Constitution.


 * (20) That the rights and liberties of Montana and its costates must be protected from any dangers by declaring that Congress is limited by the federal Constitution and Bill of Rights.


 * (21) That any act by the Congress of the United States, Executive Order of the President of the United States, or Judicial Order of the United States that assumes a power not delegated by the federal Constitution and Bill of Rights diminishing the liberty of this state or its citizens constitutes a nullification of the federal Constitution and Bill of Rights by the government of the United States, which would also breach Montana's "Compact With the United States". Acts that would cause a nullification and a breach include but are not limited to:


 * (a) establishing martial law or a state of emergency within a state without the consent of the legislature of that state;


 * (b) requiring involuntary servitude or governmental service other than a draft during a declared war or pursuant to or as an alternative to incarceration after due process of law;


 * (c) requiring involuntary servitude or governmental service of persons under the age of 18 other than pursuant to or as an alternative to incarceration after due process of law;


 * (d) surrendering any power delegated or not delegated to any corporation or foreign government;


 * (e) any act regarding religion, further limitations on freedom of political speech, or further limitations on freedom of the press; or


 * (f) any act regarding the right to keep and bear arms or further limitations on the right to bear arms, including any restrictions on the type or number of firearms or the amount or type of ammunition any law-abiding citizen may purchase, own, or possess.


 * (22) That if any act of Congress becomes law or if an Executive Order or Judicial Order is put into force related to the reservations expressed in this resolution, Montana's "Compact With the United States" is breached and all powers previously delegated to the United States by the federal Constitution and Bill of Rights revert to the states individually.


 * (23) That any future government of the United States shall require ratification of three-fourths of the states seeking to form a government and shall not be binding upon any state not seeking to form a government.

House Resolution 3 Failed in the House by a vote of 50-50.
 * NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE STATE OF MONTANA:


 * (1) That the several states of the United States are not united on the principle of unlimited submission to general government, but by ratifying the United States Constitution and Bill of Rights the several states constituted a general government for special purposes and delegated to that government certain definite powers, while reserving all other rights.


 * (2) That when the general government assumes undelegated powers, its IT acts in excess of its authority are void and of no force.


 * (3) That the government created by the United States Constitution was not granted the authority to determine the extent of the powers delegated to itself because such a grant of authority would have made the discretion of Congress and not the United States Constitution, and the limitations contained in the Constitution, the measure of Congress's powers.


 * (4) That the power of the federal government over individual liberties is restricted and the power is reserved by the states to determine whether liberties may be abridged without lessening their useful freedom and how far those abuses that cannot be separated from their use should be tolerated, rather than allowing the use to be destroyed.


 * (5) That states retain the right of protecting all freedoms of individual persons from federal incursion.


 * (6) That any acts of Congress that abridge protected individual freedoms are not law and are void.


 * (7) That excessive exercise of those parts of the United States Constitution by the federal government that delegate to Congress a power "to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States" and "to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper" to regulate "commerce among the states" or that declare federal laws to be ultimately supreme has served to destroy the limits of power imposed on Congress by its creators, the several states.


 * (8) That those powers given to Congress in the United States Constitution detailed above have been amended, modified, and limited by the Ninth and Tenth Amendments to the United States Constitution.


 * (9) That if Montana accepts these inappropriate applications of power and continues to allow Congress to exercise unbridled authority, it would be surrendering its own form of government, its sovereign power, and its responsibility to its citizens.


 * (10) That the people of this state will not accept undelegated and consequently unlimited powers assumed by the federal government.


 * (11) That every state has a right to ignore or reject all unwarranted assumptions of power by other entities within its boundaries and that without this right, states and sovereign tribes would become mere administrative subdivisions of their intended servant, the federal government that the states created.


 * (12) That this state calls on the other several states for an expression of their sentiments on acts of the federal government not authorized by the United States Constitution.


 * (13) That the rights and liberties of Montana, its tribal governments, and Montana citizens and of the other several states must be protected from any dangers by declaring that Congress is limited by the United States Constitution and Bill of Rights.


 * (14) That any act by the Congress of the United States, Executive Order of the President of the United States, or Judicial Order of the United States that assumes a power not delegated by the United States Constitution and diminishes the liberty of this State or its citizens constitutes a breach of the United States Constitution and Bill of Rights by the government of the United States, which would also breach Montana's "Compact With the United States". Acts that would cause such a breach include but are not limited to:


 * (a) establishing martial law or a state of emergency within a state without the consent of the state;


 * (b) moving federal military personnel or units into a state without the consent of the state or with the intent to enforce federal laws or to assert the supremacy of the federal government;


 * (c) requiring involuntary servitude or governmental service other than a draft during a declared war or pursuant to or as an alternative to incarceration after due process of law;


 * (d) requiring involuntary servitude or governmental service of persons under the age of 18 years, other than pursuant to or as an alternative to incarceration after due process of law; or


 * (e) surrendering any power delegated or not delegated to any corporation or foreign government.


 * (15) That if any act of Congress becomes law or if an Executive Order of the President of the United States is put into force beyond the reservations expressed in this resolution, OR IF ANY TREATY IS ENTERED INTO BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT THAT NULLIFIES THE RIGHTS OF THE PEOPLE OF MONTANA AS EXPRESSED IN THE UNITED STATES OR MONTANA CONSTITUTIONS, Montana's "Compact With the United States" may be considered breached and all powers previously delegated to the United States via the United States Constitution revert to the states individually.


 * (16) That any future federal government of the United States shall require ratification of three-fourths of the states seeking to form a federal government and shall not be binding upon any state not seeking to form or join a federal government.

http://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/articles/2009/04/23/news/10resolution.txt

http://www.greatfallstribune.com/article/20090423/NEWS01/904230304/1002

Nebraska
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Nevada
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New Hampshire
Search House Concurrent Resolution 6
 * Resolved by the House of Representatives, the Senate concurring:


 * That the several States composing the United States of America, are not united on the principle of unlimited submission to their General Government; but that, by a compact under the style and title of a Constitution for the United States, and of amendments thereto, they constituted a General Government for special purposes, -- delegated to that government certain definite powers, reserving, each State to itself, the residuary mass of right to their own self-government; and that whensoever the General Government assumes undelegated powers, its acts are unauthoritative, void, and of no force; that to this compact each State acceded as a State, and is an integral party, its co-States forming, as to itself, the other party: that the government created by this compact was not made the exclusive or final judge of the extent of the powers delegated to itself; since that would have made its discretion, and not the Constitution, the measure of its powers; but that, as in all other cases of compact among powers having no common judge, each party has an equal right to judge for itself, as well of infractions as of the mode and measure of redress; and


 * That the Constitution of the United States, having delegated to Congress a power to punish treason, counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States, piracies, and felonies committed on the high seas, and offences against the law of nations, slavery, and no other crimes whatsoever; and it being true as a general principle, and one of the amendments to the Constitution having also declared, that “the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people,” therefore all acts of Congress which assume to create, define, or punish crimes, other than those so enumerated in the Constitution are altogether void, and of no force; and that the power to create, define, and punish such other crimes is reserved, and, of right, appertains solely and exclusively to the respective States, each within its own territory; and


 * That it is true as a general principle, and is also expressly declared by one of the amendments to the Constitution, that “the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people;” and that no power over the freedom of religion, freedom of speech, or freedom of the press being delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, all lawful powers respecting the same did of right remain, and were reserved to the States or the people: that thus was manifested their determination to retain to themselves the right of judging how far the licentiousness of speech and of the press may be abridged without lessening their useful freedom, and how far those abuses which cannot be separated from their use should be tolerated, rather than the use be destroyed. And thus also they guarded against all abridgment by the United States of the freedom of religious opinions and exercises, and retained to themselves the right of protecting the same. And that in addition to this general principle and express declaration, another and more special provision has been made by one of the amendments to the Constitution, which expressly declares, that “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof, or abridging the freedom of speech or of the press:” thereby guarding in the same sentence, and under the same words, the freedom of religion, of speech, and of the press: insomuch, that whatever violated either, throws down the sanctuary which covers the others, and that libels, falsehood, and defamation, equally with heresy and false religion, are withheld from the cognizance of federal tribunals. That, therefore, all acts of Congress of the United States which do abridge the freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, are not law, but are altogether void, and of no force; and


 * That the construction applied by the General Government (as is evidenced by sundry of their proceedings) to those parts of the Constitution of the United States which delegate to Congress a power “to lay and collect taxes, duties, imports, and excises, to pay the debts, and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States,” and “to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the powers vested by the Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof,” goes to the destruction of all limits prescribed to their power by the Constitution: that words meant by the instrument to be subsidiary only to the execution of limited powers, ought not to be so construed as themselves to give unlimited powers, nor a part to be so taken as to destroy the whole residue of that instrument: that the proceedings of the General Government under color of these articles, will be a fit and necessary subject of revisal and correction; and


 * That a committee of conference and correspondence be appointed, which shall have as its charge to communicate the preceding resolutions to the Legislatures of the several States; to assure them that this State continues in the same esteem of their friendship and union which it has manifested from that moment at which a common danger first suggested a common union: that it considers union, for specified national purposes, and particularly to those specified in their federal compact, to be friendly to the peace, happiness and prosperity of all the States: that faithful to that compact, according to the plain intent and meaning in which it was understood and acceded to by the several parties, it is sincerely anxious for its preservation: that it does also believe, that to take from the States all the powers of self-government and transfer them to a general and consolidated government, without regard to the special delegations and reservations solemnly agreed to in that compact, is not for the peace, happiness or prosperity of these States; and that therefore this State is determined, as it doubts not its co-States are, to submit to undelegated, and consequently unlimited powers in no man, or body of men on earth: that in cases of an abuse of the delegated powers, the members of the General Government, being chosen by the people, a change by the people would be the constitutional remedy; but, where powers are assumed which have not been delegated, a nullification of the act is the rightful remedy: that every State has a natural right in cases not within the compact, (casus non foederis), to nullify of their own authority all assumptions of power by others within their limits: that without this right, they would be under the dominion, absolute and unlimited, of whosoever might exercise this right of judgment for them: that nevertheless, this State, from motives of regard and respect for its co-States, has wished to communicate with them on the subject: that with them alone it is proper to communicate, they alone being parties to the compact, and solely authorized to judge in the last resort of the powers exercised under it, Congress being not a party, but merely the creature of the compact, and subject as to its assumptions of power to the final judgment of those by whom, and for whose use itself and its powers were all created and modified: that if the acts before specified should stand, these conclusions would flow from them: that it would be a dangerous delusion were a confidence in the men of our choice to silence our fears for the safety of our rights: that confidence is everywhere the parent of despotism -- free government is founded in jealousy, and not in confidence; it is jealousy and not confidence which prescribes limited constitutions, to bind down those whom we are obliged to trust with power: that our Constitution has accordingly fixed the limits to which, and no further, our confidence may go. In questions of power, then, let no more be heard of confidence in man, but bind him down from mischief by the chains of the Constitution. That this State does therefore call on its co-States for an expression of their sentiments on acts not authorized by the federal compact. And it doubts not that their sense will be so announced as to prove their attachment unaltered to limited government, whether general or particular. And that the rights and liberties of their co-States will be exposed to no dangers by remaining embarked in a common bottom with their own. That they will concur with this State in considering acts as so palpably against the Constitution as to amount to an undisguised declaration that that compact is not meant to be the measure of the powers of the General Government, but that it will proceed in the exercise over these States, of all powers whatsoever: that they will view this as seizing the rights of the States, and consolidating them in the hands of the General Government, with a power assumed to bind the States, not merely as the cases made federal, (casus foederis,) but in all cases whatsoever, by laws made, not with their consent, but by others against their consent: that this would be to surrender the form of government we have chosen, and live under one deriving its powers from its own will, and not from our authority; and that the co-States, recurring to their natural right in cases not made federal, will concur in declaring these acts void, and of no force, and will each take measures of its own for providing that neither these acts, nor any others of the General Government not plainly and intentionally authorized by the Constitution, shall be exercised within their respective territories; and


 * That the said committee be authorized to communicate by writing or personal conferences, at any times or places whatever, with any person or person who may be appointed by any one or more co-States to correspond or confer with them; and that they lay their proceedings before the next session of the General Court; and


 * That any Act by the Congress of the United States, Executive Order of the President of the United States of America or Judicial Order by the Judicatories of the United States of America which assumes a power not delegated to the government of United States of America by the Constitution for the United States of America and which serves to diminish the liberty of the any of the several States or their citizens shall constitute a nullification of the Constitution for the United States of America by the government of the United States of America. Acts which would cause such a nullification include, but are not limited to:


 * I. Establishing martial law or a state of emergency within one of the States comprising the United States of America without the consent of the legislature of that State.


 * II. Requiring involuntary servitude, or governmental service other than a draft during a declared war, or pursuant to, or as an alternative to, incarceration after due process of law.


 * III. Requiring involuntary servitude or governmental service of persons under the age of 18 other than pursuant to, or as an alternative to, incarceration after due process of law.


 * IV. Surrendering any power delegated or not delegated to any corporation or foreign government.


 * V. Any act regarding religion; further limitations on freedom of political speech; or further limitations on freedom of the press.


 * VI. Further infringements on the right to keep and bear arms including prohibitions of type or quantity of arms or ammunition; and


 * That should any such act of Congress become law or Executive Order or Judicial Order be put into force, all powers previously delegated to the United States of America by the Constitution for the United States shall revert to the several States individually. Any future government of the United States of America shall require ratification of three quarters of the States seeking to form a government of the United States of America and shall not be binding upon any State not seeking to form such a government

New Jersey
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New Mexico
Search House Joint Resolution 27
 * NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO that New Mexico hereby claim sovereignty under the tenth amendment to the constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the constitution of the United States; and
 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that this resolution serve as notice and demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers; and
 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that all compulsory federal legislation that directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed

New York
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North Carolina
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North Dakota
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Ohio
Search House Concurrent Resolution 11
 * RESOLVED, That the State of Ohio hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States; and be it further
 * RESOLVED, That this resolution serves as notice and demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of the constitutionally delegated powers; and be it further
 * RESOLVED, That all compulsory federal legislation that directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalty or sanction or that requires states to enact legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed

Oklahoma
Search House Joint Resolution 1003 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 Introduced February 12. Passed April 20.
 * NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AND THE SENATE OF THE 1ST SESSION OF THE 52ND OKLAHOMA LEGISLATURE:
 * THAT the State of Oklahoma hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.
 * THAT this serve as Notice and Demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.
 * THAT all compulsory federal legislation which directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed.

Senate Joint Resolution 10 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Introduced February 17.
 * NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE SENATE AND THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE 1ST SESSION OF THE 52ND OKLAHOMA LEGISLATURE:
 * THAT the State of Oklahoma hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.
 * THAT this serve as Notice and Demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.
 * THAT all compulsory federal legislation which directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed.

http://www.newsok.com/house-bypasses-governors-veto-to-claim-oklahomas-sovereignty/article/3366762

Oregon
Search House Joint Memorial 17
 * Be It Resolved by the Legislative Assembly of the State of Oregon:
 * (1) The Congress of the United States of America is requested to direct the federal government to immediately cease and desist imposing mandates that are beyond the scope of those powers expressly delegated by the Constitution of the United States to the federal government, so that the State of Oregon may freely exercise the sovereignty due the State of Oregon under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States.

Pennsylvania
Search House Resolution 95 2 Introduced March 23.
 * RESOLVED, That the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania hereby claim sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the Federal Government by the Constitution of the United States; and be it further
 * RESOLVED, That this resolution serve as Notice and Demand to the Federal Government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers; and be it further
 * RESOLVED, That all compulsory Federal legislation which directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions, or requires states to pass legislation or lose Federal funding, be prohibited or repealed

Senate Resolution 51 2 Introduced March 19.
 * RESOLVED, By the Senate of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, that the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania hereby claim sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the Federal Government by the Constitution of the United States; and be it further
 * RESOLVED, That this resolution serve as Notice and Demand to the Federal Government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers; and be it further
 * RESOLVED, That all compulsory Federal legislation which directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or requires states to pass legislation or lose Federal funding be prohibited or repealed

Rhode Island
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South Carolina
Search Bill 424 Introduced February 12.
 * Be it resolved by the Senate, the House of Representatives concurring:
 * That the General Assembly of the State of South Carolina, by this resolution, claims for the State of South Carolina sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the United States Constitution.
 * Be it further resolved that all federal governmental agencies, quasi-governmental agencies, and their agents and employees operating within the geographic boundaries of the State of South Carolina, and all federal governmental agencies and their agents and employees, whose actions have effect on the inhabitants or lands or waters of the State of South Carolina, shall operate within the confines of the original intent of the Constitution of the United States and abide by the provisions of the Constitution of South Carolina, the South Carolina statutes, or the common law as guaranteed by the Constitution of the United States.
 * Be it further resolved that this resolution serves as notice and demand to the federal government, as South Carolina's agent, to cease and desist immediately all mandates that are beyond the scope of the federal government's constitutionally delegated powers.

South Dakota
Search House Concurrent Resolution 1013 2 Introduced March 2. Passed by House 51-18 March 3. Passed by Senate 20-14 March 5.
 * WHEREAS, any Act by the Congress of the United States, Executive Order of the President of the United States of America, or Judicial Order by the judicatories of the United States of America which assumes a power not delegated to the government of the United States of America by the Constitution of the United States of America and which serves to diminish the liberty of any of the several states or their citizens constitutes a nullification of the Constitution of the United States of America by the government of the United States of America


 * NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, by the House of Representatives of the Eighty-fourth Legislature of the State of South Dakota, the Senate concurring therein, that the State of South Dakota hereby reasserts sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States; and
 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that all compulsory federal legislation that directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed; and
 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that this concurrent resolution serve as Notice and Demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.

Tennessee
Search House Joint Resolution 104 Introduced February 18.
 * BE IT RESOLVED BY THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE ONE HUNDRED SIXTH GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF TENNESSEE, THE SENATE CONCURRING, that we hereby affirm the sovereignty of the State of Tennessee under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.
 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers and that all compulsory federal legislation which directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding should be prohibited or repealed.

House Joint Resolution 108 Introduced February 18.
 * BE IT RESOLVED BY THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE ONE HUNDRED SIXTH GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF TENNESSEE, THE SENATE CONCURRING, that we hereby affirm Tennessee's sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States. We also demand the federal government to halt and reverse its practice of assuming powers and of imposing mandates upon the states for purposes not enumerated by the Constitution of the United States.
 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that a committee of conference and correspondence be appointed by the Speaker of the House and of the Senate, which shall have as its charge to communicate the preceding resolution to the legislatures of the several states, to assure them that this State continues in the same esteem of their friendship and to call for a joint working group between the states to enumerate the abuses of authority by the federal government and to seek repeal of the assumption of powers and the imposed mandates.

Senate Joint Resolution 311 Introduced April 16.
 * BE IT RESOLVED BY THE SENATE OF THE ONE HUNDRED SIXTH GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF TENNESSEE, THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES CONCURRING, that the State of Tennessee hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.
 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that this serve as Notice and Demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.
 * BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that all compulsory federal legislation which directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed.

Texas
Search House Concurrent Resolution 50 Introduced February 17.
 * RESOLVED, That the 81st Legislature of the State of Texas hereby claim sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States; and, be it further
 * RESOLVED, That this serve as notice and demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers; and, be it further
 * RESOLVED, That all compulsory federal legislation that directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or that requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed

Senate Concurrent Resolution 35 Introduced March 2.
 * RESOLVED, That the 81st Legislature of the State of Texas hereby claim sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise 	enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States; and, be it further
 * RESOLVED, That this serve as notice and demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers; and, be it further
 * RESOLVED, That all compulsory federal legislation that directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or that requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed

Senate Concurrent Resolution 39 Introduced March 4.
 * RESOLVED, That the 81st Legislature of the State of Texas hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States; and, be it further
 * RESOLVED, That this serve as notice and demand to the federal government to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers; and, be it further
 * RESOLVED, That the power over the freedom of the right to keep and bear arms was reserved to the states and therefore, all acts of Congress to abridge that right are not law and are void; and, be it further
 * RESOLVED, That all compulsory federal legislation that directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or that requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed

Fifty-one percent of Texas Republicans support secession.

http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/hotstories/6377858.html

http://www.statesman.com/news/content/region/legislature/stories/04/16/0416perry.html

http://www.star-telegram.com/state_news/story/1331075.html

http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0409/21295.html

http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090416/ap_on_re_us/perry_secession

http://www.mcclatchydc.com/homepage/story/66845.html

http://www.pjstar.com/opinions/x708184250/They-Said-It-Texas-Gov-Rick-Perry

http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1892974,00.html

http://www.star-telegram.com/state_news/story/1339820.html

http://www.onlineathens.com/stories/042609/opi_432881384.shtml

http://thebulletin.us/articles/2009/04/22/news/nation/doc49eebdd135698774616383.txt

Utah
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Vermont
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Virginia
Search House Resolution 61 Introduced February 26.
 * RESOLVED by the House of Delegates, That the Congress of the United States be urged to honor state sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment of the Constitution of the United States. The Commonwealth of Virginia hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States.  The Commonwealth by this resolution serves notice to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers.  Further, the Commonwealth urges that all compulsory federal legislation that directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding shall be prohibited or repealed.

Washington
Search House Joint Memorial 4009 Introduced January 30.
 * NOW, THEREFORE, Your Memorialists respectfully resolve: (1) That the State of Washington hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States; and
 * (2) That this serve as a Notice and Demand to the federal government to maintain the balance of powers where the Constitution of the United States established it and to cease and desist, effective immediately, any and all mandates that are beyond the scope of its constitutionally delegated powers.

West Virginia
Search House Concurrent Resolution 49 Introduced March 27.
 * Resolved by the Legislature of West Virginia: That the State of West Virginia hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the Constitution of the United States; and, be it
 * Further Resolved, That this serve as Notice and Demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of these constitutionally delegated powers; and, be it
 * Further Resolved, That all compulsory federal legislation which directs states to comply under threat of civil or criminal penalties or sanctions or requires states to pass legislation or lose federal funding be prohibited or repealed

Wisconsin
Search Senate Resolution 6 Introduced April 9.
 * Resolved by the senate, That the senate hereby claims sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States over all powers not otherwise enumerated and granted to the federal government by the U.S. Constitution; and, be it further
 * Resolved, That adoption of this resolution does not constitute an application for the calling of a federal Constitutional Convention within the meaning of Article V of the U.S. Constitution; and, be it further
 * Resolved, That this resolution shall serve as notice and demand to the federal government, as our agent, to cease and desist, effective immediately, mandates that are beyond the scope of its constitutionally delegated powers

Wyoming
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