User:JMiall/Sudden Shower over Shin-Ōhashi bridge and Atake

Sudden Shower over Shin-Ōhashi bridge and Atake (大はしあたけの夕立 Ōhashi atake no yūdachi) is a woodblock print in the ukiyo-e genre by the Japanese artist Andō Hiroshige. Hiroshige is regarded alongside Hokusai as one of the masters of the genre and this print has been described as a "virtuoso example" and the "undisputed masterpiece of the series" from what is possibly his greatest series of woodcuts.

One Hundred Famous Views of Edo
The picture is part of the series One Hundred Famous Views of Edo which actually features 119 views of 'named places' or 'celebrated spots' in the area that is today Tokyo. The series was unique in being the first to feature this many separate landscape views. The series was produced between 1856 and 1859 with Hiroshige II finishing the series after the death of Hiroshige in 1858. This print was published in the ninth month of 1857.

Description
The print shows a small part of the wooden Ōhashi (Great) bridge diagonally across the foreground of the image as the bridge crosses the Sumida River. In the background is a boatman punting his log raft, looking for shelter, and also the far bank of the river in a part of Edo known as Atake (after the goverment ship, the Atakemaru that was moored there). Six people are shown crossing the bridge sheltering under hats or umbrellas from a sudden shower of rain. Sudden showers are a recurring theme in ukiyo-e works and here in what Hiroshige calls "white rain" are depicted using a large number of thin dark parallel lines in 2 directions - a difficult skill in woodblock printing. At the top of the print are dark clouds from which the rain emanates. The rain, sheltering people and boat give the image a sense of movement.

Bridges have been sited at that same location since 1694. The wooden bridge depicted in the print was replaced by another bridge in 1885, completed in 1912 and later moved to a new site elsewhere. The current bridge at the site was erected in 1973.

Influence
Hiroshige's most popular prints were produced in the tens of thousands at a low individual cost and due to the opening up of Japan after 1853 were popular both in Japan and Europe where they had a huge influence on the future Impressionist artists. Whistler produced a number of prints and paintings using a bridge motif in London in the 1870s that were heavily influenced in their composition and subject by Hiroshige's many bridge prints. He used for example non-Western composition in the siting of the bridges, sometimes using no detailed foreground or background objects, scurrying undetailed people on the bridges, large area of negative space and the odd boat on the river. The theme of scurrying people sheltering from the weather under umbrellas that is typical of One Hundred Views of Edo was an influence on Félix Buhot's Le Petit Enterrement and Hiroshige's high horizons, areas of blue wash and strong foreground imagery with lack of middle ground influenced Auguste-Louis Lepère's prints such as La Convalescente: Madame Lepère.

Vincent Van Gogh was a major collector of Japanese prints, decorating his studio with them. He was heavily influenced by these prints, particularly Hiroshige, and made copies of two of the One Hundred Famous Views of Edo, one of which was of this print. He made these copies in order to try out for himself elements he admired such as the cropped composition, blocks of colour with strong outlines and diagonal elements. Van Gogh's painting used brighter colours with greater contrast than the original, conspicuous brushstrokes rather than areas of flat colour, and was also framed with a selection of Van Gogh's approximations to Japanese characters.