User:JMvanDijk/Sandbox 9/Box 13

= House of Luxemburg =

The House of Luxemburg/Luxembourg stemmed from the House of Ardenne (or Ardennes, French Maison d'Ardenne) was an important medieval noble family from Lotharingia, known from at least the tenth century. They had several important branches, descended from several brothers:
 * The House of Ardenne-Luxembourg, descended from Count Sigfried.
 * The House of Ardenne-Verdun, with several Dukes of Lower Lotharingia, descended from Count Gozelin.
 * The House of Ardenne-Bar, with several Dukes of Upper Lotharingia, descended from Frederick I, Duke of Upper Lorraine.

The First House of Luxemburg
The first instance of the house of Luxembourg, counts of Luxemburg, is outlined below.

When the male line died. Three houses descended from the women of the counts of Luxembourg, the Counts of Loon, the Counts of Grandpré, and the Dukes of Limburg. All three families had a place in relation to the succession of the House of Ardennes. Indeed, the Count of Grandpré was the next heir of Conrad II of Luxembourg, who was the last representative of the Ardennes dynasty. But, Emperor Frederick II preferred that Luxembourg was held by a lord Germanic rather than French and attributed the county to Henry of Limburg-Arlon (see below), son of Conrad's aunt Ermesinde and Count Godfrey I of Namur. The Counts of Loon are also in position to claim the inheritance Luxembourg, albeit weaker position.

The county of Luxembourg thus went to to the eldest son of the 2nd marriage of Waleran with Ermesinde, deemed the heiress of Luxemburg.

House of Limburg–Arlon/the (Second) House of Luxemburg
Having succeeded to the county of Luxemburg, the younger branch of the House of Limburg-Arlon is the family that succeeded in getting one of its scions elected Holy Roman Emperor. From there descended the Kings of Bohemia, several other Emperors and a King of Hungary as shown below.

Piney-Luxembourg
{{chart| | | | | | | | |HEN| | |MAR
 * HEN=Henry III (1583 – 1616} Count of Ligny and Brienne elevated to Duke of Brienne in 1587 Blason de Luxembourg-Ligny.svg
 * MAR=Marguerite-Charlotte de Luxembourg (1607–1680) heiress to the title Blason famille fr Luxembourg-Ligny.svg 1m.Léon d'Albert de Luynes (1582–1630) third duc de Piney jure uxoris 2m. Charles-Henri de Clermont-Tonnerre ( -1674) }}

The Coat of arms of Luxembourg
Henry V was the first Count of Luxembourg to adopt a primitive form of these arms. His father, Waleran III, Duke of Limburg, bore the arms, argent a lion rampant queue fourché gules armed, langued and crowned or (white field bearing a red double tailed lion with yellow claws, teeth, tongue and crown). Henry V replaced the white field by a series of white and blue stripes (burely of 10 argent and azure) to differentiate from his half-brother Henry IV, Duke of Limburg.

It is yet uncertain where the origins of this burely of 10 argent and azure are. Jean-Claude Loutsch, Luxembourg's most prominent heraldist, authored the theory that the original Luxembourg dynasties may have born a striped banner (colours unknown). Two dynasties closely related to the first Houses of Luxembourg also adopted striped coats of arms during this period. Both the Counts of Loon and Counts of Grandpré bore the arms burely of 10 or and gules (yellow and red alternating stripes). In such a case, the choice of colour of the stripes would have been determined to match the white field and red lion of Limburg.