User:JXavier2020/Anticancer gene

CANCER AND CANCER TREATMENT
Main articles: Cancer and Chemotherapy and Treatment of Cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Cancer can be treated by surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy, and synthetic lethality. There are three main categories of cancer genes: Oncogenes, Tumor suppressor genes (also known as porto-oncogenes), and DNA reapir genes. Oncogenes are altered genes that can cause cancer by causing cells to expand out of control, Tumor suppressor genes regulate cell growth, and, DNA repair genes fix mistakes in the DNA. If DNA repair genes are unable to fix mistakes they trigger the cell to die so the mistakes can’t cause any further problems.

Treatment for cancer depends on its type and how much the disease has progressed. One common treatment for cancer is chemotherapy. The term chemotherapy has come to connote non-specific usage of intracellular poisons to inhibit mitosis (cell division) or induce DNA damage, which is why inhibition of DNA repair can augment chemotherapy. As chemotherapy regimens directly affect the genes within cells they can affect various anti-cancer and cancer-causing genes.