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Richard Ernest Tremblay (born November 23, 1944) is Emeritus professor at the University of Montreal, in Canada (departments of pediatrics and psychology) and at University College Dublin, Ireland (School of Public Health). He is the director of the Center of Excellence on Early Childhood Development, founding editor of the Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development, and founding director of the Research Unit on Children’s Psycho-Social Maladjustment (GRIP).

Early years
Tremblay was born to Wilfrid A. Tremblay and Hectorine Fournier in Barrie Ontario (Canada). He received his B.A. (Physical Education) from the University of Ottawa (1966), his M.Sc. (Psycho-Education) from the University of Montreal (1970), and his PhD (Educational Psychology) from the University of London (GB) (1976) under the supervision of Robert G. Andry and Daisy Penfold

Career

 * He is Emeritus Professor of Pediatrics and Psychology at the University of Montreal (Canada) and Emeritus Professor of Public Health at University College Dublin (Ireland). He was assistant professor (1976-1981), associate professor (1981-1986) and professor (1986-2009) at the University of Montreal. He was also as Molson Fellow of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (1996-2006), Canada Research Chair in child development (2001-2007) and professor (2007-2017) in the School of Public Health at University College Dublin (Ireland).
 * In addition, he held the J. J. Groen Chair in interdisciplinary studies at Utrecht University (Netherlands) (2004-2007), he was International professor at the University of Central Lancashire (Great Britain) (2005-2008) and a research scientist at France’s National Institute of Health (INSERM unit 669, Paris) (2007-2010). He was also invited professor at the Paris-South Medical Faculty (2006-2007), at the University of Rome (La Sapienza) department of psychology (2004) and at the Netherlands Institute for the Study of Criminality & Law Enforcement (1999).

Research
Over the past thirty years Tremblay has produced some of the most innovative and influential research on the development and prevention of antisocial behavior. He initiated five large scale longitudinal-experimental studies to unravel the early development of chronic physical aggression and to identify effective early preventive interventions. He is among the very small number of investigators who have used an integrated bio-psycho-social approach and whose results have appeared in leading journals of so many scientific disciplines: social science, psychological science, medical science and biological science. His three major scientific contributions have been in the following areas:


 * Early developmental origins of physical violence, where over the past 30 years Tremblay and his collaborators conducted a series of population-based longitudinal studies with more than 30,000 children which provided the data to trace the developmental trajectories of physical aggressions from infancy to adulthood, and challenged the long-held belief that children “learn to aggress” from their environment. By showing that all humans learn from their environment “not to aggress” during early childhood, his work has highlighted the capital importance of physical aggression prevention during early childhood with all children.


 * Early preventive intervention with physically aggressive boys, where Tremblay’s pioneering longitudinal-experimental preventive intervention with physically aggressive kindergarten boys from low socio-economic environments, showed very long term beneficial impacts on substance abuse, school drop-out, juvenile delinquency and adult criminality.


 * Early adverse environmental effects on chronic physical aggression through epigenetic mechanisms, where Tremblay was the first to propose a DNA expression (epigenetic) mechanism to early development of chronic physical aggression and to use longitudinal studies of singletons and twins to test that mechanism. By showing that chronically aggressive children have atypical DNA expression profiles, his work opened a new domain of prevention research where prenatal and early postnatal bio-psycho-social interventions could prevent the onset of chronic physical aggression problems, through their impact on DNA expression involved in the neurodevelopment of self-control.

Research Unit on Children’s Psychosocial Maladjustment (GRIP)

Tremblay was the founding director (1984-2014) of the Research Unit on Children’s Psychosocial Maladjustment (GRIP) which was initially funded by the University of Montreal and has been funded by the Québec Government Research Funds since 1989. From its creation, the aim of the GRIP research center was to conduct longitudinal studies and experimental preventive interventions on the development and prevention of children’s psychosocial maladjustment. Full members of the research center are affiliated to the main universities in the Province of Quebec. Associated members are affiliated to universities from North America and Europe. GRIP investigators initiated the Montreal Longitudinal and Experimental Study (MLES), the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Kindergarten Children (QLSKC), the Quebec New-Born Twin Study (QNBTS), the Quebec longitudinal Study of Child Development (QLSCD), the Quebec New-Born Monozygotic Twin Study (QNMZTS) and contributed to the initiation of the Canadian National Longitudinal Study of Children and youth.

Center of Excellence on Early Childhood Development (CEECD) and Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development

Tremblay is the founding director of the Centre of Excellence on Early Childhood Development (CEECD) which was created in 2000 with a grant from the Canadian Government following a nation-wide competition. The CEECD was created to collect, analyse, and effectively disseminate reliable, understandable, applicable, and useful knowledge on children’s early development and well-being to those who need it most. To achieve this purpose the Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development (EECD) was created. The encyclopedia is available on the web in English, French, Portuguese, Russian and Spanish.

Publications
Tremblay published more than 500 articles and more than 100 book chapters.

His most cited publications include:


 * Tremblay, R. E. (2010). Developmental origins of disruptive behaviour problems: the ‘original sin’hypothesis, epigenetics and their consequences for prevention. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51(4), 341-367.
 * Côté, S., Vaillancourt, T., LeBlanc, J. C., Nagin, D. S., & Tremblay, R. E. (2006). The development of physical aggression from toddlerhood to pre-adolescence: A nation wide longitudinal study of Canadian children. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 34(1), 68-82.
 * Tremblay, R. E., Nagin, D. S., Séguin, J. R., Zoccolillo, M., Zelazo, P. D., Boivin, M., ... & Japel, C. (2004). Physical aggression during early childhood: Trajectories and predictors. Pediatrics, 114(1), e43-e50.
 * Broidy, L. M., Nagin, D. S., Tremblay, R. E., Bates, J. E., Brame, B., Dodge, K. A., ... & Lynam, D. R. (2003). Developmental trajectories of childhood disruptive behaviors and adolescent delinquency: a six-site, cross-national study. Developmental psychology, 39(2), 222.
 * Nagin, D. S., & Tremblay, R. E. (2001). Analyzing developmental trajectories of distinct but related behaviors: a group-based method. Psychological methods, 6(1), 18.
 * Nagin, D. S., & Tremblay, R. E. (2001). Parental and early childhood predictors of persistent physical aggression in boys from kindergarten to high school. Archives of general psychiatry, 58(4), 389-394.
 * Tremblay, R. E. (2000). The development of agressive behaviour during childhood: What have we learned in the past century?. International journal of behavioral development, 24(2), 129-141
 * Nagin, D., & Tremblay, R. E. (1999). Trajectories of boys' physical aggression, opposition, and hyperactivity on the path to physically violent and nonviolent juvenile delinquency. Child development, 70(5), 1181-1196.
 * Masse, L. C., & Tremblay, R. E. (1997). Behavior of boys in kindergarten and the onset of substance use during adolescence. Archives of general psychiatry, 54(1), 62-68.
 * Tremblay, R. E., Pagani-Kurtz, L., Mâsse, L. C., Vitaro, F., & Pihl, R. O. (1995). A bimodal preventive intervention for disruptive kindergarten boys: its impact through mid-adolescence. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 63(4), 560.
 * Tremblay, R. E., Pihl, R. O., Vitaro, F., & Dobkin, P. L. (1994). Predicting early onset of male antisocial behavior from preschool behavior. Archives of general psychiatry, 51(9), 732-739.

His most recent publications include:


 * Tremblay, R. E., Vitaro, F., & Côté, S. M. (2018). Developmental origins of chronic physical aggression: a bio-psycho-social model for the next generation of preventive interventions. Annual review of psychology, 69, 383-407.
 * Côté, S. M., Orri, M., Tremblay, R. E., & Doyle, O. (2018). A Multicomponent Early Intervention Program and Trajectories of Behavior, Cognition, and Health. Pediatrics, 141(5), e20173174.
 * Orri, M., Galera, C., Turecki, G., Forte, A., Renaud, J., Boivin, M., ... & Geoffroy, M. C. (2018). Association of childhood irritability and depressive/anxious mood profiles with adolescent suicidal ideation and attempts. JAMA psychiatry, 75(5), 465-473.
 * Geoffroy, M. C., Boivin, M., Arseneault, L., Renaud, J., Perret, L. C., Turecki, G., ... & Tremblay, R. E. (2018). Childhood trajectories of peer victimization and prediction of mental health outcomes in midadolescence: a longitudinal population-based study. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 190(2), E37-E43.
 * Ismaylova, E., Di Sante, J., Szyf, M., Nemoda, Z., Yu, W. J., Pomares, F. B., ... & Booij, L. (2017). Serotonin transporter gene promoter methylation in peripheral cells in healthy adults: neural correlates and tissue specificity. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 27(10), 1032-1041.
 * Ahun, M. N., Geoffroy, M. C., Herba, C. M., Brendgen, M., Séguin, J. R., Sutter-Dallay, A. L., ... & Côté, S. M. (2017). Timing and Chronicity of Maternal Depression Symptoms and Children's Verbal Abilities. The Journal of pediatrics, 190, 251-257.
 * Carbonneau, R., Vitaro, F., Brendgen, M., & Tremblay, R. E. (2018). The intergenerational association between parents’ problem gambling and impulsivity-hyperactivity/inattention behaviors in children. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 46(6), 1203-1215.
 * Carbonneau, R., Vitaro, F., & Tremblay, R. E. (2018). School adjustment and substance use in early adolescent boys: association with paternal alcoholism with and without dad in the home. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 38(7), 1008-1035.
 * Casey, K. F., Levesque, M. L., Szyf, M., Ismaylova, E., Verner, M. P., Suderman, M., ... & Tremblay, R. E. (2017). Birth weight discordance, DNA methylation, and cortical morphology of adolescent monozygotic twins. Human brain mapping, 38(4), 2037-2050.
 * Ouellet-Morin, I., Côté, S. M., Vitaro, F., Hébert, M., Carbonneau, R., Lacourse, E., ... & Tremblay, R. E. (2016). Effects of the MAOA gene and levels of exposure to violence on antisocial outcomes. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 208(1), 42-48.

Awards
Tremblay has received various awards for his work, including:
 * Stockholm Prize in Criminology (2017)
 * Quebec Prize for Social Innovation (2017)
 * Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science (2012)
 * Pickering Award for Outstanding Contribution to Developmental Psychology in Canada (2011)
 * International Scientific Research Prize, Società Libera, Italy (2011)
 * Officer of the National Order of Quebec (2010)
 * John Paul Scott Award for lifetime contribution to research on aggression, International Society for Research on Aggression (2010)
 * Fellow, Association for Psychological Science (2009)
 * Laufer Award, Academy of Moral and Political Sciences, France (2008)
 * Grand Officer of the Gabriela Mistral Order of Merit, Chile (2008)
 * Quebec Prize for the Social Sciences, Government of Quebec (2007)
 * Minister's award, Multimedia, for: Origins of Human Aggression: The interactive Guide to Observe, Understand and Intervene (Quebec, 2007)
 * Sellin-Glueck Award, American Society of Criminology (2005)
 * Bronze Award, Health & Science Communications Association, United States, for the film :Origins of Human Aggression: The Other Story (2005)
 * Fellow, Canadian Academy of Health Sciences (2005);
 * Joan McCord Award, Academy of Experimental Criminology (2004)
 * Molson Prize, Social Sciences and Humanities, Canadian Council for the Arts (2004)
 * Innis-Gérin Medal (Social Sciences), Royal Society of Canada (2003)
 * Canada’s best five medical scientists, Time Magazine (2003)
 * Fellow, Academy of Experimental Criminology (2002)
 * Jacques Rousseau Award for interdisciplinary research. French-language Association for Knowledge (2002)
 * Adrien Pinard Prize for Contributions to psychological research, Quebec Society for Research in Psychology (2000)
 * Fellow, Royal Society of Canada (1997).