User:Jammy Leen/sandbox

Family Policy
The Swedish family policy has gone through a series of reforms. In the first place, the family policy aimed to encourage Swedish young people to marry and build their families. The whole family policy consists of three parts: parental benefits, child allowance and public day care.

Parental benefit
Swedish families receive up to 480 days of paid parental leave (16 months), "föräldrapenning", with optional another three months unpaid leave. The policy regulates that each parent must take at least two months of leave, but in reality, some fathers do not take the leave at all; in this case, according to the "use it or lose it" basis, the parental leave time will drop from 16 months to 14 months. Apart from this, fathers receive additional 10 days of leave after the birth of a child. The parental leave can be used separately and partially of a day, but must be used before the child turns to eight years old. Parents are paid around 80 per cent of their pay in the first 390 days, and in the remaining 90 days, they will receive a flat rate of SEK 180 per day, which is also the rate for unemployed parents during the whole parental leave. Parents are entitled to up to 120 days to take care of their sick children every year. There is also a childcare allowance, "vårdbidrag", to enable parents to stay home and care for children with long-term illnesses.

The parental leave in Sweden is job protected, which means parents who take the leave have the right to return to the same employer to the same or similar position.

Apart from paid leave, parents also receive reimbursement (whole or partial) of hospital care, treatment and transportation related to childbirth.

Child allowance
The child allowance in Sweden started from the General Child Allowance in 1948. Parents in Sweden receive cash benefits to ease the burden of raising children who are under 16 years old, "barnbidrag". Generally, Swedish parents receive a flat rate child allowance of SEK 1050 per month for one child, which is tax-exempt. If the family have more than one child qualified to the child allowance, the family receive SEK 1050 more per child with additional "large family supplement", "flerbarnstillägg". For example, a family with 4 children under 16 will receive SEK 4200 child allowance and SEK 1614 large family supplement per month, totaling SEK 5814 per month. This child allowance is financed by the central government's budget and parents do not need to apply for the allowance, it is paid automatically.

Apart from the child allowance, there are other allowances available for families with children. Families with children that pay over SEK 1400 for housing per month will receive a state-rent housing allowance, the level of which is determined by the number of children, the income of the family and the size and rent of the housing. But the income ceiling is set rather high, so that even a family with income well above average can receive house allowance.

For families with disabled children, they will also receive allowance for car, care and hiring personal assistants.

Public day care
Public day care in Sweden are for children under 7 years old. The daycare centers are run by local municipalities under the guidance of central government. Most municipal preschools are open 10~12 hours a day to take care of children whose parents work full-time; there are also nighttime daycare centers for parents who work at night. "After the parents apply for placement at a preschool in the municipality where they live, the child is offered a vacancy based on that municipality's queue and admission rules." The reform in 2007 made the daycare more affordable, EU/EEA citizens only need to pay a reduced fee for a full-time preschool.

Apart from public day care, there are also cooperatives run by parents, private child care facilities and family daycare; minders are hired by local municipalities to take care of children in their house. However, the public daycare is absolutely the majority. During 1965-1980, the number of child care facilities increased tenfold. Today, over 3/4 of children aged 1~5 go to public supported daycare centers.