User:Jasifuentes/sandbox

Allergy is a reaction of the immune system when the body is subject to any foreign interaction or already genetically imbedded into the genomic sequence. Immunoglobulin E is linked to allergic reactions. The levels of immunoglobulin E are very much a main factor in the response to foreign agents. Control over the levels of immunoglobulin E is influenced by age. According to the genome-wide association genetics and environmental factors are fine tuned when it comes to allergy development. Collecting SNP’s of the human genome can aid in pinpointing the connection involving allergic reactions and their cause.

Immunoglobulin E is directly connected to the function of allergic responses and the elevation of the IgE is the marker for atopy. A study done on those with allergy genes, as well as the SNP’s, with a link to allergic diseases and or inflammation was analyzed to obtain the genetic connection to the levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in children. This resulted in the knowledge about the gene-gene interactions leading to allergy sensitivity that starts as early as being in the womb and carries on into early childhood and so on. Oxidative stress and remodeling factors are responsible for the allergic response in the womb as well as the environment outside of the womb. The current study now involving newborns, one and a half, three, and six year olds was done in order to determine the different genetic associations of Immunoglobulin E levels in those age groups in terms of allergies. Higher risk of the gene-gene connection of CBIgE to the increased levels of IgE was recorded up to the age of three. At age one and a half there was more IgE production. A specific sub phenotype with higher levels of IgE has a small genetic restrain on other phenotypes in atopic diseases. In addition this study was done on children in Germany and Canada and their results were almost the identical. The study led to the understanding that the changes were due to different exposures, genetic backgrounds, age, race, ethnic groups as well as economic status. Genetics plays a role in allergy, but environmental interaction as well as lifestyle factors is just as if not more influential. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have come to find additional loci that are associated with epidermal damage, malfunction of the immune system, and inflammation connected to asthma and eczema. The study included children from Sweden and five different European countries. The phenotypes included asthma, allergic asthma, current asthma, non-allergic asthma, wheezing, eczema, allergic eczema, non-allergic eczema, and rhino conjunctivitis. Genotypes in twenty-nine genes for allergy were analyzed for gene-environment interactions. Combinations of several genetic variations were associated with asthma as well as wheezing. Parental allergy and different environmental interactions directly influenced the result. In regards to eczema if the FLG gene is deleted there is an increased risk to developing allergic eczema. The study found that children who never used antibiotics and were heterozygous for a genetic variant and were “protected” in some form. Genes RORA and COL29A1 deal with stress response in the cells as well as lipid metabolism and result in the risk to have allergic asthma. The study also showed that heterozygous children had increased sensitivity to environmental exposures. Homozygous are “protected”, already having the allergy and exposure to a specific foreign environment leads to a reaction. Those with allergic asthma are a reported twenty million according to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology. This means that foreign antigens are responsible for the cause of all these cases. FCGR genes which bind to IgG are responsible for immune functions. Having higher levels of IgG is a factor widely associated with having allergic diseases. FCYRIIA is directly linked to the receptor binding and response to infectious diseases. FCYRIIB is on B cells and the inhibitory receptor which is important in maintaining the balance of all immune responses. This study resulted in the FCYRIIA and FCYRIIB are important factors in the development of allergy.

(www#1)Different Genetics Associations of the IgE Production among Fetus, Infancy, and Childhood http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0070362#abstract0 (www#2)Rule-Based Models of the interplay between genetic and environmental factors in childhood allergy http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0080080#abstract0 (www#3)Functional Fcgamma Receptor Polymorphisms Are Associated with Human Allergy http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0089196#s1 Image: http://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/432130_3