User:Jennlu/Choose an Article

Article Selection
Please list articles that you're considering for your Wikipedia assignment below. Begin to critique these articles and find relevant sources.

Option 1

 * Article title: Ethnic Violence
 * Article Evaluation
 * This is a C-Class article and has a lot of interesting information in it, I think it just needs to be developed further and organized.
 * The first issue is that it possibly contains original research, as stated on the main page. A paragraph that I see that needs a reference is the one that discusses the theory that “a general feeling that security is lacking can cause ethnic violence.”
 * The Casualties and Characteristics section feels like an essay paper. I think it would benefit from being reorganized and edited to fit the Wikipedia layout. It talks a lot about the theories and the causes of ethnic violence - maybe break them up into subcategories? There you could include more information about who formed those theories, and attach real world events to paint a clearer picture.
 * There is one sentence stating that the “ethnic” tensions in the United States are typically viewed in terms of race. This should be explored further.
 * I suggest expanding on the paragraph that talks about media and ethnic perceptions and violence. It could include more insight into propaganda, fear-mongering, social media, and/or desensitization to violence.
 * Ethnic violence and ethnic conflict are interrelated, I see in the talk page that a lot of information was moved over to the ethnic conflict page. How can ethnic violence be developed further on its own and distinguished from ethnic conflict?
 * I think that it is important to bring up how the threat of violence influences ethnic groups and their identities. What are the impacts and consequences of living under a constant state of violence?
 * If deciding to create a section about genocide, include:
 * Why does genocide occur?
 * Who lets it happen?
 * The consequences of silence.
 * Colonial forms of genocide - wiping out or exploiting indigenous communities.
 * How does ethnic violence perpetuate oppression and inequalities between ethnic groups and visa versa.
 * In the talk page, an editor brings up renaming this article “Racial terrorism” or something similar. I disagree with this because ethnic violence refers to the violence that is inflicted on a group(s) of people who belong to a certain identity with shared culture and history. Race is socially constructed and the color of skin is not a reliable measure. Ethnic violence encompasses racial violence in its meaning.
 * Sources
 * Sources
 * Sources


 * Dhattiwala, Raheel, and Michael Biggs. “The Political Logic of Ethnic Violence: The Anti-Muslim Pogrom in Gujarat, 2002.” Politics & Society 40, no. 4 (2012): 483–516. doi:10.1177/0032329212461125.
 * Kaufman, Stuart J. “Symbolic Politics or Rational Choice? Testing Theories of Extreme Ethnic Violence.” International Security 30, no. 4 (2006): 45–86. doi:10.1162/isec.2006.30.4.45.


 * Lee, Feng-yu, and Tse-min Lin. “Institutions, Contexts, and Ethnic Violence in Comparative Perspective.” International Political Science Review 42, no. 3 (2021): 400–415. doi:10.1177/0192512119891540.
 * Mousseau, Demet Yalcin. “Can Governments Prevent Ethnic Violence through Public Goods Spending? A Cross‐country Investigation.” Journal of International Development 35, no. 7 (2023): 1925–41. doi:10.1002/jid.3743.
 * Yanagizawa-Drott, David. “PROPAGANDA AND CONFLICT: EVIDENCE FROM THE RWANDAN GENOCIDE.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 129, no. 4 (2014): 1947–94. doi:10.1093/qje/qju020

Option 2

 * Article title: Economic Violence:
 * Article Evaluation: :This article is rated Stub Class. It appears to be underdeveloped and not yet complete, as it is lacking a comprehensive overview and instead, mainly focuses on economic violence against women. Here are some of my suggestions:
 * The first sentence in the Lead section could include how economic violence encompasses the continuous threat of denying and restricting economic resources to individuals, and how it is carried out through various acts of control. (Kuzmanović and Pajvančić-Cizelj, 2020).
 * The Lead section should include a framework for the article, laying out the sub topics and why they are important. (i.e. why is starting with Economic Violence Against Women important?) The Content section should include more categories, such as:
 * History of economic violence in the United States, and in varying countries outside of the United States.
 * Structural violence and how it relates to economic violence. They both deal with how power structures negatively impact and inequality oppress certain groups of people over others
 * Class-based economic violence, where the history of caste and hierarchy is examined in relation to the United States and in countries such as India.
 * Economic violence against ethnic groups
 * I think that the title "Economic Violence Against Women" could be changed to "Gender-Based Economic Violence"
 * Could discuss what purpose gender-based violence against women serves in the context of the private and public power structures, and why this topic is particularly important.
 * Could further examine how women's labor and contributions have historically been dismissed or undermined (Women's 2nd shift, caretaking, housekeeping, agriculture).
 * Economic violence against immigrants section should be further explored
 * Exploitation of labor for profit
 * Immigration and 'deportability'
 * Psychological impact
 * Information about private property, property damage.
 * A section about the consequences of economic violence.  The article's tone is neutral. It could be organized more productively once there is more content written.  This article could benefit from including more peer reviewed journal articles as sources, and including testimonies from people who have experienced the effects of economic violence.  This article could include 1-2 photos.:


 * Sources:Đurić Kuzmanović, T., & Pajvančić-Cizelj, A. 2020. "Economic Violence against Women: Testimonies from the Women’s Court in Sarajevo." European Journal of Women’s Studies 27, no. 1: 25-40. https://doi-org.proxy.lib.pdx.edu/10.1177/1350506818802425 .:

Option 3

 * Article title: Cultural Identity:
 * Article Evaluation:This is a start-class rated article. I enjoyed reading this article about Cultural Identity, I thought that it touched on many key aspects. However, as discussed on its' talk page, there are issues with how it does not read in the same neutral tone as the rest of Wikipedia. Parts of it feel like a school essay, or include extra “fluffy” words.
 * The Cultural arena section is very important, as it applies to so many groups of people and is deeply ingrained in many societies. The topic of acculturation and assimilation could be expanded on, or even given their own section, and could include more information about biculturalism, identity switching, psychological impact, and transracial adoption. (See “Negotiating Biculturalism: Cultural Frame Switching in Biculturals with Oppositional Versus Compatible Cultural Identities,” in sources).
 * I think the wording in this paragraph could be edited: “Many immigrants find the need to change their culture in order to fit into the culture of most citizens in the country. This can conflict with an immigrant’s current belief in their culture and might pose a problem, as the immigrant feels compelled to choose between the two presenting cultures.”
 * In the Language section, I suggest referencing a real world study to the part that talks about children in school and their experiences with loss or culture and language. Could the Language section and School Transitions be combined?
 * This sentence feels out of place, is there a way to make it more neutral or give more context? Why use “non-Japanese people?”:  “An example of thought in this stage: "I want to know what we do and how our culture is different from others. There are a lot of non-Japanese people around me, and it gets pretty confusing to try and decide who I am."   In the Role of the Internet section, there are sentences that should be taken out or edited to avoid opinionated writing. It feels like this section is more focused on “the Youth”, rather than the role of the internet in general. I argue that this section should include a more expansive description on how the internet influences the cultural identities of more groups of people, not just the youth. Maybe talk about stereotypes in the media too?   Sentences that need attention:
 * “...to the annoyance of parents and teachers”
 * “The internet is becoming an extension of the expressive dimension of the youth condition.”
 * “Many of today's youth go through processes of affirmation procedures and is often the case for how youth today grow dependent on peer approval.”
 * “The connections they feel in more recent times have become much less interactive through personal means compared to past generations.” - This feels like a broad statement.
 * “Youth ask themselves about what they think of themselves, how they see themselves personally and, especially, how others see them.”:


 * Sources
 * Benet-Martínez, Verónica, Janxin Leu, Fiona Lee, and Michael W. Morris. “Negotiating Biculturalism: Cultural Frame Switching in Biculturals with Oppositional Versus Compatible Cultural Identities.” Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology33, no. 5 (2002): 492–516. doi:10.1177/0022022102033005005.
 * Castner, Jessica, and Karen J Foli. “Racial Identity and Transcultural Adoption.” Online Journal of Issues in Nursing 27, no. 1 (2022): 1–15. doi:10.3912/OJIN.Vol27No01Man05.
 * Karjalainen, Helena. “Cultural Identity and Its Impact on Today’s Multicultural Organizations.” IDEAS Working Paper Series from RePEc 20, no. 2 (2020): 249–62. doi:10.1177/1470595820944207.
 * Lee, Steven K. The Relationship between Cultural Identity and Academic Achievement of Asian American Students. S.l: Distributed by ERIC Clearinghouse, 1999. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED428572
 * Milfeld, Tyler, Eric Haley, and Daniel J. Flint. “A Fresh Start for Stigmatized Groups: The Effect of Cultural Identity Mindset Framing in Brand Advertising.” Journal of Advertising50, no. 5 (2021): 603–21. doi:10.1080/00913367.2021.1913264.
 * Rothe, Eugenio, and Andres J. Pumariega. Immigration, Cultural Identity, and Mental Health : Psycho-Social Implications of the Reshaping of America. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2020.
 * Rodríguez-Mangual, Edna M. Lydia Cabrera and the Construction of an Afro-Cuban Cultural Identity. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004.

Option 4

 * Article title: Inequality in Post Apartheid South Africa
 * Article Evaluation:This article is rated start-class. There is an extensive amount of information that could be added to this entry to make it more comprehensive and less broad. As discussed in the talk page, I think that the current information needs to be re-worked because there are parts of it that read as biased. I can’t help but sense an underlying tone and “blame the victim” narrative. I suggest following the introduction with a section titled something like: History of Apartheid in South Africa, where the following could be discussed. I think it is crucial to provide historical context for why issues like unemployment and education are lagging behind countries like the U.S.:
 * Colonial conquest and slavery (long term effects)
 * Racial oppression
 * Exploitation of African labor
 * Land ownership
 * Zoning laws, relocation  After providing more historical context, the article could include the following:
 * Demographics of individuals living in South Africa
 * Effects of apartheid policies that are still in place
 * Structural inequality
 * Education
 * Unemployment and income inequality
 * Global economics - foreign aid, debt, how the West maintains control
 * Historical amnesia and collective memory (references: Chana Teeger)
 * Colonizing powers were never punished or held accountable for their actions
 * Comparisons to other events (i.e. the U.S. and indigenous peoples in America)
 * Connection between class oppression and racial oppression
 * What modern slavery looks like  I suggest adding more recent sources that come from reliable sources, such as peer reviewed journals.
 * Sources
 * Bekisizwe S Ndimande. “Pedagogy of Poverty: School Choice and Inequalities in Post-Apartheid South Africa.” Global Education Review 3, no. 2 (2016): 33–49.
 * Breetzke, G.D. “Understanding the Magnitude and Extent of Crime in Post-Apartheid South Africa.” Social Identities 18, no. 3 (2012): 299–315. doi:10.1080/13504630.2012.661998. Das-Munshi, Jayati, Crick Lund, Catherine Mathews, Charlotte Clark, Catherine Rothon, and Stephen Stansfeld. “Mental Health Inequalities in Adolescents Growing Up in Post-Apartheid South Africa: Cross-Sectional Survey, SHaW Study.” PloS One 11, no. 5 (2016): e0154478–e0154478. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0154478.
 * Desai, Ashwin. We Are the Poors : Community Struggles in Post-Apartheid South Africa. New York: Monthly Review Press, 2002. Joseph, Juliet Eileen. “Post-Apartheid South Africa’s Exacerbated Inequality and the Covid-19 Pandemic: Intersectionality and the Politics of Power: The Politics of Power.” Eureka, Social and Humanities (Online), no. 6 (2021): 68–78. doi:10.21303/2504-5571.2021.002099.
 * Shanguhyia, Martin S., and Toyin Falola, eds. The Palgrave Handbook of African Colonial and Postcolonial History. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2018. doi:10.1057/978-1-137-59426-6. Teeger, Chana. “‘Both Sides of the Story’: History Education in Post-Apartheid South Africa.” American Sociological Review 80, no. 6 (2015): 1175–1200. doi:10.1177/0003122415613078.
 * Q. Dawood & M. Seedat-Khan (2023) The unforgiving work environment of black African women domestic workers in a post-apartheid South Africa, Development in Practice, 33:2, 168-179, DOI: 10.1080/09614524.2022.2115977.
 * Q. Dawood & M. Seedat-Khan (2023) The unforgiving work environment of black African women domestic workers in a post-apartheid South Africa, Development in Practice, 33:2, 168-179, DOI: 10.1080/09614524.2022.2115977.



Option 5
Duzgun, Eren. “Against Eurocentric Anti-Eurocentrism: International Relations, Historical Sociology and Political Marxism.” Journal of International Relations and Development 23, no. 2 (2020): 285–307. doi:10.1057/s41268-018-0146-0.
 * Article title: Marxist Sociology:
 * Article Evaluation
 * An intriguing article on Marxist Sociology, I learned a lot, but I feel that it is lacking in certain areas.
 * In the lead section, I think that the 'Marxist perspective' should be defined, along with who it is influenced by (Karl Marx).
 * The lead should include an overview of the article's sections.1
 * The Content section could include more detail about the primary study that Marxist sociology is concerned with, which is the "relationship between society and economics." It should dive deeper into what those relationships look like and how different groups of people play certain roles in those relationships.
 * I would reorganize a bit, and place the Historical Development section above the Concepts and Issues section. Marxist Sociology derives from the work of Karl Marx, it is beneficial to give the reader that historical knowledge prior to further concepts and analysis.
 * The article should include more information about Karl Marx, his focus, and his contributions. This would provide space to explain Critical Theory/Conflict Theory further (as mentioned in the Lead).
 * I don’t think that there are any viewpoints that are over-represented, however, I do think that there could be more examination of the research that Marx focused on. This includes critical consciousness, relations and inequalities between the classes, and labor and capital.
 * The article does a good job of backing up facts with reliable sources. The majority of the sources are from after 2000, one of them is from the 1990’s. I think it could be useful to find more reliable and peer reviewed sources that examine Marx’s theories, along with more information about class inequalities and historical and contemporary economic violence.
 * The article includes one image of statues of Marx and Engels in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. I think that it could include a few more photographs: Karl Marx, symbolism of the working class, symbolism of exploitation, symbolism of protests, symbolism of revolution.
 * There are great ideas on the talk page for this article. A Wikipedia editor suggests that the article should include names and descriptions of some of the most important Marxists or Marxian influenced sociologists in historical and contemporary times. I agree with this, it is crucial to see how Marx’s research has influenced other scholars and led to new theories and discoveries about human relations.
 * Sources
 * Sources
 * Sources