User:Jessicook/sandbox

Bibliography:

1) Voet, Donald, Judith G. Voet, and Charlotte W. Pratt. Fundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecular Level. New York: Wiley, 2006. Print.

2) Alcohol Dehydrogenase

3)Specific information on NADP+

4) More general info on oxidoreductases

5) The TCA cycle

6) more info on the TCA cycle First Draft:

A dehydrogenase (also called DHO in the literature) is an enzyme belonging to the group of oxidoreductases that oxidizes a substrate by a reduction reaction that transfers one or more hydrides (H−) to an electron acceptor, usually NAD+/NADP+ or a flavin coenzyme such as FAD or FMN.

Enzyme Class: Oxidoreductases
Dehydrogenase are a subclass of the class of enzymes labeled “oxidoreductases.” Oxidoreductases, in general, catalyze oxidation and reduction reactions. Any enzyme that transfers an electron from one molecule to another is considered an oxidoreductase. These enzymes fall into six categories: oxygenases, reductases, peroxidases, oxidases, hydroxylases, and dehydrogenases. Most oxidoreductase enzymes can be classified using the name dehydrogenase, accepted nomenclature being "donor dehydrogenase," where the donor is the molecule giving up an electron.

Reactions of Dehydrogenase
Dehydrogenases oxidize a substrate by transferring a hydride to an electron acceptor, common electron acceptors being NAD+ or FAD. This would be considered an oxidation reaction, in which a compound is losing electrons. In contrast, reductases are a subclass of oxidoreductases that catalyze reduction reactions, or a reaction in which a compound is gaining electrons.

Typically, a dehydrogenase catalyzed reaction will look like this: AH + B ↔ A- + BH.

A represents the substrate that will be oxidized, while B is the hydride acceptor. Note how once the hydrogen is transferred from A to B, the A has taken on a negative charge. The charge on B initially will vary, depending the electron acceptor being utilized. For NAD+, the reduced form is NADH, and will have no charge. Adversely, FAD will hold no charge in its oxidized form, and gains a positive charge when reduced, resulting in FADH+