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Somali Regional State of Ethiopia
Country: Ethiopia

Somali region

 Capital: Jijiga

Area: 279,252 km2

Population: 5,318,000

It consists nine regions and four cities administration councils
There are four administration councils established in 2010 to prompt development progress to the somali state that the most backward state in Ethiopia. Those administration councils are Jijig, Degehabur, Kebri dehar and Gode.

1. Afder Region
Afder] (Journal of Global Infectious Diseases) region consists eleven districts and the main town and the headquarter of the region is Afder town. Afder region located south west of the Somali region of Ethiopia Ogaden border with Liban region on east, south in Somalia and west on Nogob region(a) Afder, (b) El kare (c) Chareti (d) Barea (e) Gura damole (f) Gore Baqaqso (g) West Eimei (h) Dolo Bay (i) (j) Raaso (k) Karse Dula

2. Dolo Region
(a) Warder (b) Danod (c) Bokh (d) Deratole (e) Gelade

3. Fafan Region
(a) Jijiga (b) Awe Bare (c) Harte Sheikh (d) Gorsum (e) Bable (f) Kebri Baihe (g) Tole Guled

4. Jarar Region
(a) Degahbur (b) Awere (c) Gonu Gade (d) Gashamo (e) Arerso (f) Bir Kod (g) Deror (h) Yoale

5. Liben Region
(a Filtu (b) Moyale (c) Dolo Ade (d) Mubarak (e) Sufka (f) Udit

6. Nogob Region
(a) Fik (b) Hamero (c) Segag (d) Dohun (e) Salehad (f) Garbo (g) Gol Jano(h) Qubi (i) Maya Mulko (k) Lega Hido

7. Korahe Region
(a) Kebri Dahar (b) Shekosh (c) Dobo wayn (d) Shilavo (e) Marsin

8. Shabelle Region
(a) Gode (b) Kelavo (c) Ferfer (d) Mustaheal(e) Denan (f) Easy Eimey (g) Bohol Hagar (h) West Gode (i) El weyne

9. Sitti Region
(a) Shinile (b) Dembal (c) Afdem (d) Erar (e) Aesha (f) Measo (g) Hada Gale

Council Towns
1. Jijiga administration council city

2. Kebri Dehar administration council city

3. Degehabur administration council city

4. Gode administration council city

Somali regional State of Ethiopia
The Somali State of Ethiopia has a very large area size ranking the second next to Oromia. At present the state comprises 9 region and 68 districts.

Capital City:  Jijiga is the capital city of the State.

Location
The State of Somali is located in the eastern and south eastern Ethiopia. The State has common boundaries with state of Afar and the Republic of Djibouti in the north, Kenya in the south, the State of Oromia in the west, and Somalia in the east and in the South.

Area
The State of Somali has an estimated area of about 327,068 km².

Population
According to the census conducted at the beginning of September 1997, the number of the population of the state was 3,439,860 of which 1,875,996 were males and 1,563,864 females. The urban residents of the State of Somali number 492,710 households in the region, with an average of 6.6 persons per household. The State has a high sex ratio of 120 (the number of males) to 100 females. The ethnic composition includes, Somali 95.6%, Oromo 2.25%, Amhara 0.69%, and Somalis 0.63%, and Guragie 0.14%. Somali is predominantly spoken within the State. It constitutes 95.9%. It is also the working language of the State, Other major languages are Oromifa 2.24%, Amharic 0.92%, and Guragigna 0.033%. According to the census result, 98.7% of the population are Muslim. 0.9% Orthodox Christians, and 0.3% are followers of other religions.

Major Economic Activities
Although most of the people of the, mainly earn their livelihood from livestock, they practice crop production as well. The major crops cultivated in the region are sorghum, maize and vegetable. Wheat and barley are also harvested in a smaller amount each year. Commercial activity is another occupation that is significantly exercised in the region.

Topography and Climate
The majority of the region has an altitude of 900 meters above sea level and in some areas the altitude reaches 1600 meters. Of the total area size of the State approximately 80% is flat & 7% mountainous. Regarding climate, 80% of the region is classified as “Kolla” (lowlands), 5% highland (“Dega”), and 15% of the area fall under temperate (“Woyna Dega”) category. The maximum temperature reaches 32-40°C. In the temperate (“Woyna Dega”) areas the temperature is within 20-28°C. The mean annual rainfall of the State is estimated to be 300-500 mm.

Rivers and Lakes
The State has three big rivers, namely Wabe Shebele, Genale and Weybe, which could be utilized for irrigation.

Livestock
The region claims to have about 11.15 million domestic animals (1997 G.C.) of which 2.15 million are cattle. 5.63 million are sheep and goats and 392,000 pack animals.

Fauna
All the nine regions have equally high density of wild animals present, especially in Nogob, Liban, Shabelle and Afder. The wild animal living in the Somali state are tiger, cheater, dear, giraffe, elephant, hyena, lion, fox and many more

Livestock
The state of Somali is famous for its livestock resources from which most of the Somali people earn their livelihood. The region is estimated to have about 19.2 million domestic animals out of which sheep constitute for 53% (nearly 8 million in number). Goats and cattle are the second and third most important domestic animals in the State accounting for 20% (3.1 million in number) and 15% (2.3 million in number), respectively. Camels are actually the most important animals in the day to day life of the pastoralist Somali people, and they constitute for about 9% (1.3 million in number).

Investment
From the beginning of 1997 the  investment office of the State of Somali has awarded investment certificates to 12 projects. The total investment capital of the projects is 28.6 million Birr and is expected to create employment opportunity to 140 people. The major sector, which attracted 5 investors with a total capital of 18.3 million Birr is agriculture, five investors are engaged in industry (food manufacturing) with a total investment capital of 4.8 million.

The state is very rich in livestock. Moreover, it is endowed with natural gum, natural salt (in Afdem and Afder zones), natural gas oil  has high potential for investment.