User:Jim Derby/Farm buildings in Norway

Traditional farm (gård) buildings in Norway have an ancient past and like many places many of the traditional forms are now obsolete. The cultures of Norway include the Forest Finns (skogfinner), the Southern Sami people (Sørsamisk), and Roma people (romanifolkets).

Norwegians traditionally built individual buildings for each purpose until the 18th century when they started combining uses in larger buildings. The Norwegian terminology of farm buildings varies substantially and has many local variations and have changed over time. The buildings were arranged around a farmyard (| gårdstun, tun, or gårdsplass), and usually include one or two farmhouses (våningshus), cookhouse (ildhus or eldhus), granary or hórreo (bur, stabbur, stolpehus, stolpebod, kornlåven), stable (stall), barns like a cow barn (fjøs) and threshing barn (låve), sauna (drying barn, smokehouse) (badstue, korntørke) for drying crops, forge (smie), and a outhouse or privy (otedass, utedo, privét).

The farmer may be the farm owner (Småbruk or bonde) or a tenant farmer ([http://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husmann| husmann) who worked land owned by a church or wealthy person. Husmann's farms are called Husmannsplasser (images for Category:Husmannsplasser)

Wood is the typical construction material and horizontal log construction (lafteverk, laftet?) is typical. Some ancient lofts have construction similar to the stave (post) construction (stavverk) for which the stave churches are named.

driftsbygning
The modern term for a barn in the sense like that used in the United States is | driftsbygning. This is typically a large, multi-purpose building which can still be called the traditional names of uthuset, løa, låven or fjøset. Bank barns were preferred to give access to the upper levels and a trap door in the floor serves as a manure gutter(møkkarenna) called a flor to shovel manure down into the basement. The same feature was also used in other barn buildings (fjøsbygninger) for sommerflor or sheep floor (saueflor).

løe, loa
A løe was originally a barn to store hay and crops before they were threshed. The terms for barns are often confused and used interchangable.
 * løerommet
 * Kornløa

låve, låven, laave, sv:trösklada
threshing (treske) barn kornlåven - a garanary, if on posts (stabber) then usually called a stabbur.


 * låvebru(a) is a barn with a bridge (bru)
 * Bergerlåven

fjøs, fjøset
A | fjøs was typically a cow barn (kufjøs) which may have the cows in stantions (båsfjøset) or open? (lausdriftfjøs), sometimes with a stall for a horse. These barns may have a chimney because the livestock was fed sørpe which is a blend of hay (halm), heather (lyng), parings?(skav), and moss (mose). These barns were found in the eastern valleys (Østerdalen) and now the open-air museum Glomdalsmuseet.

In the summer livestock were driven to distant pastures where there may be a summer barn (sommerfjøs, sommerfjøset, gardflor, buhus (cowhouse) sommerflor) for shelter.

Østerhaugfjøset

stall
Stable (stall) are buildings to keep horses.

loft
A storehouse with the upper floor as living space, the balcony is called the loft and the whole building is named for this feature. | Norwegian loft. An ancient example is the circa 1295 | Finnesloftet which has construction elements similar to stave churches and | vangestad loft (vangestadloftet) from circa 1300.
 * Houmloftet

sammen med grisehus,

hønsehus
Hen houses

utedo
Privy, outhouse.

Keeping the history alive
Open-air museums such as the | Glomdalsmuseet