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Katharina Kepler (nee Katharina Guldenmann) was the mother of the famous astronomer Johannes Kepler. After a loveless marriage ended by the death of her husband, Kepler was the subject of a witch trial in 1620. She was found innocent of heresy, but the ordeal of the trial led to her death in 1621.

Marriage and children
Kepler, then Guldenmann, married her husband, Heinrich Kepler, in May of 1571. The Keplers lived in Weil der Stadt, at that time a Free Imperial City in the Holy Roman Empire. Weil der Stadt was predominantly Catholic, but surrounded by the duchy of Württemberg, at that time a stronghold of Lutheranism. The Keplers were themselves Lutheran; Heinrich Kepler's family had been the first to convert to Lutheranism in Weil der Stadt decades earlier.

While pregnant with her first child, Kepler was frequently beaten by her parents. . She gave birth to Johannes Kepler on December 27 1571. Historian James A. Connor, in describing her, writes that she "was not a particularly good mother" and that Johannes Kepler had "few pleasant memories" of her.