User:Jlmdouce/sandbox

Running bibliography for Laryngeal Papillomatosis article
Barnes, L., UniversitätsSpital Zürich., International Academy of Pathology., World Health Organization., & International Agency for Research on Cancer. (2005). Pathology and genetics of head and neck tumours. Lyon: IARC Press. Fletcher, C. D. M. (2013). Diagnostic histopathology of tumors. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier. Grimes, J., Fagerberg, K., & Smith, L. (2014). Sexually transmitted disease: An encyclopedia of diseases, prevention, treatment, and issues. Michaels, L., & Hellquist, H. B. (2001). Ear, nose and throat histopathology. London: Springer. Rubin, J. S., Sataloff, R. T., & Korovin, G. S. (2006). Diagnosis and treatment of voice disorders. San Diego: Plural Pub. Remacle, M., & Eckel, H. E. (2010). Surgery of larynx and trachea. Berlin: Springer. Sataloff, R. T. (2013). Atlas of laryngoscopy. San Diego, CA: Plural Pub. Wenig, B. M. (2008). Atlas of head and neck pathology. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders/Elsevier. https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/recurrent-respiratory-papillomatosis
 * Synonyms, epidemiology, localization, clinical features, signs and symptoms
 * Normal anatomy, clinical features
 * U.S. epidemiology, viral etiology
 * Appearance, differential diagnosis, development, viral etiology
 * Incidence and diagnosis of malignant transformation
 * Management (Surgery, Cidofir)
 * Laryngoscopy of larynx, excision, videostroboscopy
 * Clinical Features
 * Concise overview of laryngeal papillomatosis

Plans for Laryngeal Papillomatosis article
I have identified a number of aspects of improve, including: I personally plan to address the following parts of the article: Bibliography to follow. It will also be posted on the article's talk page. Bolder text  Bold
 * Better lead section
 * Photo needed
 * Citations are needed more consistently in all sections
 * Better in-text hyperlinks for medical terms/procedures
 * More information on voice therapy
 * Consider renaming "treatment" section to "management" because there is no cure
 * Consider adding an outcomes section
 * Treatment section needs major revision of medical procedures
 * Consider adding an epidemiology section
 * Address the relationship between laryngeal papillomatosis and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
 * Contribute to improvement of lead section
 * Add an epidemiology section
 * Edit and add to the diagnosis section as needed

Synonyms
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, laryngeal papillomatosis, juvenile papillomatosis, adult papillomatosis, squamous cell papilloma, squamous cell papillomatosis.

Squamous papilloma; laryngeal papillomatosis; recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), juvenile papillomatosis, adult papillomatosis; nonkeratinized papilloma.

Epidemiology
Laryngeal papillomatosis is a rare disease with a bimodal distribution based on age of incidence. The incidence, or number of new cases, of laryngeal papillomatosis cases is at approximately 4.3 cases per 100 000 children and 1.8 cases per 100 000 adults annually. The incidence of laryngeal papillomatosis in children peaks before the age of 5, though the term juvenile papillomatosis refers to all cases occurring before the age of 20. The incidence of adult laryngeal papillomatosis, which has an onset after the age of 20, peaks between the ages of 20 and 40. While there are no gender differences in the incidence of laryngeal papillomatosis in children, adult laryngeal papillomatosis occurs more frequently in males than in females. The incidence of laryngeal papillomatosis also varies according to factors such as socioeconomic status, such that higher rates are observed in groups having a lower socioeconomic status.

Diagnosis
Laryngeal papillomatosis can be diagnosed through visualization of the lesions using one of several indirect laryngoscopy procedures. In indirect laryngoscopy, the tongue is pulled forward and a laryngeal mirror or a rigid scope is passed through the mouth to examine the larynx. Another variation of indirect laryngoscopy involves passing a flexible scope, known as a fiberscope or endoscope, through the nose and into the throat to visualize the larynx from above. This procedure is also called flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy.

The appearance of papillomas has been described as multiple or rarely, single, white growths with a lumpy texture similar to cauliflower. Papillomas usually present in the larynx, especially on the vocal folds and in the space above the vocal folds called the ventricles. They can spread to other parts of the larynx and throughout the aerodigestive tract, from the mouth to the lower respiratory tract. Spread to regions beyond the larynx is more common in children then adults. Growths tend to be located at normal junctions in squamous and ciliated epithelium or at tissue junctions arising from injury.

A confirmatory diagnosis of laryngeal papillomatosis can only be obtained through a biopsy, involving microscopic examination and HPV testing of a sample of the growth. Biopsy samples are collected under general anesthesia, either through direct laryngoscopy or fiberoptic bronchoscopy.