User:Jlw9439/These Happy Golden Years

Lead
These Happy Golden Years is an autobiographical children's novel written by Laura Ingalls Wilder and published in 1943, the eighth of nine books in her Little House series. It is based on her later adolescence near De Smet, South Dakota, featuring her short time as a teacher, beginning at age 15, and her courtship with Almanzo Wilder. It spans the time period from 1882 to 1885.

The novel was a Newbery Honor book in 1944, as were the previous four Little House books.

Plot summary
The novel covers the period in Laura’s life before she marries. At 15, she begins work as a teacher twelve miles away from her home in South Dakota to earn money for her sister Mary’s college education. During her tenure, she boards with the head of the school board and his wife. Almanzo, her neighbor back home, begins driving the twenty-four miles to and from the school so that she can return home on weekends.

After Laura successfully finishes her tenure, Almanzo continues to invite Laura out sleighing once she returns home, beginning their courtship. Laura and Almanzo's romance continues to blossom until he offers her an engagement ring. She accepts his proposal to be married the following summer. When Almanzo tells his family of the engagement, his older sister Eliza Jane plans to throw an elaborate wedding. To stop Eliza Jane from taking over their wedding, Laura agrees to be married quickly. They are married quietly in a small ceremony by the local pastor before leaving for the little house that Almanzo has built for them.

Historical Background
Today, there is a small town called Carthage, South Dakota, located where Wilder described the Brewster settlement, although it is unclear if Carthage grew out of the original Bouchie (Brewster) settlement that Wilder resided in during her two-month teaching assignment.[citation needed]

Nellie Oleson’s character is actually a combination of two of Wilder's rivals: Genevieve Masters, in the school passages, and Stella Gilbert, in the passages about the buggy rides with Wilder and Almanzo. The news Wilder hears near the end of the book that "Nellie has gone back East" refers to Genevieve Masters.

"Lew Brewster" was a pseudonym for Louis Bouchie. He was a distant relative of Mr. Boast, who was a good friend of the Ingallses and appears in several of the books. Bouchie and Genevieve Masters were the only two people whose names Wilder changed for her books, as Nellie and Louis Bouchie's wife were both unpleasant people, and she wished to respect their privacy.[NEED CITATION]

Wilder’s daughter, Rose Wilder Lane, helped write, revise, and publish the Little House series. The extent of Lane's role in her mother's Little House book series has remained unclear.[John Miller citation 19-43].

Themes/Analysis
Preeminent American literature scholars John Miller and Ann Romines both acknowledge Wilder’s literary talent in articulating feminist western pioneerism. Literary critic Ann Romines argues that These Happy Golden Years received the least amount of revision and oversight from Lane compared to other books in the series, writing that “these are vital female plots without the end-stops of climax and denouement” (253). She posits that Ma’s character grows in importance throughout the series and becomes especially pertinent in These Happy Golden Years in contrast to Pa’s pioneering impulses. De Smet embodies contrasting masculine and feminine forces that forces Laura to balance between earning a living as a teacher while accepting marriage as her fate. Laura’s struggle with her feminine identity implicitly resonates with American girls and women, Romines argues, explaining the book’s continuous appeal.

However, These Happy Golden Years has received some criticism for its portrayal of a patriarchal family. Literary critic Anita Clair Fellman takes into account Lane’s political writings and beliefs as a libertarian. She considers that the Wilder-Lane books were influenced by Ronald Reagan’s presidential years by emphasizing the values of family life and self-sufficiency. However, she acknowledges that the appeal of the Little House series may diminish if America moves away from such values, though the books contributed to the dialogue of conservative politics at the time.[weber article]

Reception
Virginia Kirkus, Wilder's first editor at Harper, approved the novel in Kirkus Reviews as "a splendid addition to the other fine books in the series". The 3rd to 6th volumes had received starred reviews.

The novel joined the 4th to 7th volumes as Newbery Honor Books.