User:Jmoneyman7/sandbox

(My edits are bolded)

From 7 to 9 January 2015, terrorist attacks occurred across the Île-de-France region, particularly in Paris. Three attackers killed a total of 17 in four shooting attacks, and police then killed the three assailants (assailants were killed in separate standoffs). The attacks also wounded 22 other people. A fifth shooting attack did not result in any fatalities. Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula claimed responsibility and said that the coordinated attacks had been planned for years. '''The claim of responsibility for the deadly attack on the magazine came in a video showing AQAP commander Nasr Ibn Ali al-Ansi, with pictures of the Kouachis in the background. However, while authorities say the video is authentic, there is not yet any proof that AQAP did indeed help to carry out the attacks. Consequently, Amedy Coulibaly, the third attacker who committed the Montrouge shooting and the Hypercacher Kosher Supermarket siege before his death claimed that he belonged to ISIS.'''

Charlie Hebdo shooting

The first and deadliest of the attacks occurred at 11:30 CET on January 7, 2015 at the offices of Charlie Hebdo. The Charlie Hebdo magazine began publishing in 1970 with the goal of satirizing religion, politics, and other topics. '''In 2006, Charlie Hebdo reprinted controversial cartoons of the Prophet Mohammed that originally appeared in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten. French President Jacques Chirac criticized their decision to include the cartoons and called it "overt provocation." In 2011, the magazine's offices were destroyed by a gasoline bomb after it published a caricature of the Prophet Mohammed.''' Two gunmen, later identified as Chérif and Saïd Kouachi, entered the building and fatally shot eight employees, two police officers, and two others, and injured eleven other people. '''Despite police responding to the situation and arriving on scene as the gunman were leaving, the two gunman were able to escape by car. The gunman's getaway car was found abandoned - after crashing into another vehicle about 2 miles north of where the shootings occurred at the Charlie Hebdo offices. Investigators found Molotov cocktails and jihadist flags in the car.' The primary motive behind the shooting is said to be the Charlie Hebdo'' cartoons making fun of numerous Islamic leaders. The shooting received widespread condemnation internationally and a National Day of Mourning was held in France on 8 January.

Fontenay-aux-Roses and Montrouge shootings
On 7 January, a few hours after the Charlie Hebdo attack, Amedy Coulibaly shot a 32-year-old man who was out jogging in Fontenay-aux-Roses, in a park next to Coulibaly's home. The man suffered injuries to his arm and back and as of 11 January was in critical condition. Five shell casings were found at the scene. Coulibaly was later linked to this shooting after the shell casings were compared to shell casings found at the Hypercacher Kosher Supermarket hostage crisis on January 9. As police continued their search for Charlie Hebdo suspects, they initially dismissed the idea that there could be a link between this shooting and the Charlie Hebdo killings, but later confirmed they were in fact connected.

On 8 January, Coulibaly shot and killed municipal police officer Clarissa Jean-Philippe at the junction of Avenue Pierre Brossolette and Avenue de la Paix in Montrouge (a suburb of Paris), and critically wounded a street sweeper. Coulibaly reportedly was heard to declare allegiance to ISIS, a radical group at war in the Middle East.

Dammartin-en-Goële hostage crisis
Further information: Charlie Hebdo shooting § Dammartin-en-Goële hostage crisis

On 9 January, the assailants of the Charlie Hebdo shooting, Chérif and Saïd Kouachi, went to the office of Création Tendance Découverte, a signage production company on an industrial estate in Dammartin-en-Goële. Inside the building were owner Michel Catalano and a male employee, 26-year-old graphics designer Lilian Lepère. During the siege, Catalano told Lepère to hide inside the refectory. Throughout the crisis, the perpetrators were unaware that Lepère was in the building. During the siege, a salesman named Didier went to the building on business, and Catalano left his office, where he had been hiding. Both were confronted by the perpetrators and asked to leave. Didier realized that they were terrorists and quickly alerted the authorities.

Catalano returned to the building and helped one of the perpetrators who had been injured in earlier gunfire. He was allowed to leave after an hour. After this, Lepère, who was hiding in a cardboard box, was able to alert authorities of the situation via text message. The siege ended after nine hours at 16:30 after a combined force of French Armed Forces and police stormed the building and killed both Kouachi brothers, the assailants.

Hypercacher Kosher Supermarket siege
Main article: Hypercacher Kosher Supermarket siege

Also on 9 January, Amedy Coulibaly, armed with several assault weapons, entered a Hypercacher kosher supermarket at Porte de Vincennes in east Paris. Amedy Coulibaly killed four people and took several hostages. He had a female accomplice, speculated to be his wife, Hayat Boumeddiene. Coulibaly was reportedly in contact with the Kouachi brothers as the sieges progressed, and told police that he would kill hostages if the brothers were harmed proving further that these attacks were connected in some form.

When police stormed the grocery store, they gunned down Coulibaly. Fifteen hostages were rescued. Several people were wounded during the incident. Lassana Bathily, a Muslim shop assistant born in Mali, was hailed as a hero in the crisis for risking his life to hide people from the gunman in a downstairs refrigerator room and assisting police after he escaped from the market. '''Hayat Boumeddiene, Coulibaly's partner in crime and wife, successfully fled the scene and is still wanted by police, although it is believed she left france shortly after the incident, traveling then to Syria from Turkey.  Developments on Boumeddiene's whereabouts ran dry until March 2019, when Dorothee Maquere - wife of Fabien Clain - speculated that Boumeddiene had been killed in Syria late February during the Battle of Baghuz Fawqani.'''

Amedy Coulibaly killed four more victims and took hostages on January 9 at a kosher supermarket near the Porte de Vincennes. After 12 January 2015 and for an indefinite period, as part of Operation Sentinelle, nearly 10,500 military personnel were deployed in France to secure 830 sensitive places (school, churches, press organizations, etc ). The severity of these terrorist attacks forced France to take immediate action to prevent any further related attacks occur.

At the time, the attacks comprised the deadliest act of terrorism in France since the 1961 Vitry-Le-François train bombing by the Organisation armée secrète (OAS), which was working against Algerian independence. These fatalities were surpassed ten months later by the November 2015 Paris attacks.

Cyber attacks
French media reported that hackers breached the security of French municipality websites during the Île-de-France attacks, changing them to display jihadist propaganda. The French Defense Ministry and security bodies reported that about 19,000 French websites were targeted in an unprecedented wave of denial-of-service attacks following the publication of Charlie Hebdo with a depiction of the sacred prophet Muhammad on the cover. The websites of French businesses, religious groups, universities, and municipalities were also hacked and altered to display pro-Islamist messages.

Incidents at mosques
In the week after the shooting, the organisation "L'Observatoire contre l'islamophobie du Conseil français du culte musulman (CFCM)" called for strengthening of the surveillance of mosques. The French interior department reported that 54 anti-Muslim incidents were recorded in France in the first week after the shootings; this compared to 110 complaints in the first nine months of 2014. The 2015 incidents included 21 reports of shootings and blank grenade throwing at Islamic buildings including mosques; and 33 cases of personal threats and insults. After news of the January 8 attack was publicized, three blank grenades were thrown at a mosque in Le Mans, west of Paris. A new bullet hole was found in its windows. In addition, a Muslim prayer hall in the Port-la-Nouvelle was the target of shooting, but no one was injured. An explosion took place at a restaurant affiliated with a mosque in Villefranche-sur-Saone. No casualties were reported.