User:Joamst16/sandbox

Jordan Amstutz
Edits for my article: Suicide among LGBT youth

The discrepancy in the suicide rates between members of the LGBTQ+ community and their heterosexual counter parts is a very important area of research and conversation. For this article I would suggest better organization of the flow of the article. The way in which this could be improved is by stating what suicide is, and then begin to describe how it affects the person (brain, body, society), go into the factors that may contribute to the rates being higher, and then lastly show the counter measures that can be used to better combat and lower the rates. Keeping in mind that this article is specifically referring to these in the LGBTQ+ community.

Also, the area that I would add personally once making the changes stated above would be this information:

In a review of victimization and mental health prevalence amongst LGBTQ+ youth, conducted by Williams (2021), Williams found that victimization and mental health difficulties are highly prevalent among LGTBQ+ youth with experiences of self-harm and suicide. Victimization can be simply defined as being singled out for something that someone is or does, and also entails being treated unjustly in the process. In the LGBTQ+ community victimization is a very prominent issue, meaning that occurrence of victimization in this community seems to happen fairly often. In an article published by the Williams Institute (2020), it explains how members of the LGBTQ+ community are four times more likely to experience violent victimization, when being compared to the non-LGBTQ community. On this basis alone it can display how suicide and victimization area a huge issue in this community. The human race has always had a tough time dealing with change or anything that is different. These two factors are interrelated due to change. The average person seeks stability of some sort in their lives. That stability is shaken when there is a presence of something else that causes them to change. People have a tough time existing with people who are different, because this forces them to have to think about changing the way they are. As a result, people choose to marginalize those whom are in the minority, because they are different. Then by association the person's who is marginalized becomes the victim, and then this becomes hard for someone not to play into this identity. Victimization adds an increased amount of stress on an individuals life, because they are consistently having to defend themselves, instead of being allowed to live. This level of stress may lead to suicidal thoughts or ideation. For example, a young kid by the name of Nigel Shelby took his own life in April of 2019 due to anti-gay bullying at his school. In an interview with ABC News Camika Shelby, Nigel's mother stated that: Nigel was openly gay and had trouble accepting himself. She said he also dealt with relentless bullying at school, which led to long and dark bouts of depression. This displays how Nigel was victimized, which in time pushed him towards suicidal ideation.

Allen, K. (2019). 'He loved everybody': Alabama community picks up pieces after bullied gay teen takes his own life, family says. Retrieved from https://abcnews.go.com/US/loved-alabama-community-picks-pieces-bullied-gay-teen/story?id=62694866

Dowd, R. (2020). LGBT people nearly four times more likely than non-LGBT people to be victims of violent crime. Retrieved from https://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/press/ncvs-lgbt-violence-press-release/

Williams, J., Jones, C., Arcelus, J., & Townsend, E. (2021, January 22). A systematic review and meta-analysis of victimisation and mental health prevalence among LGBTQ+ young people with experiences of self-harm and suicide. , 16(1). http://dx.doi.org/http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.csuci.edu/10.1371/journal.pone.0245268

Here are some additional sources for information on suicide, suicide prevention, and suicide in the context of the LGBTQ+ community:

American Psychological Association. (2020). Suicide prevention. . Retrieved from https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/suicide-prevention

Grossman, Arnold H, PhD; Park, Jung Yeon, PhD; Russell, Stephen T, PhD.Journal of Gay &

Lesbian Mental Health; Binghamton Vol. 20, Iss. 4,  (2016): 329.

Heatherington, L., & Lavner, J. (2008). Coming to terms with coming out: Review and recommendations for family systems-focused research. , 22, 329-343. http://dx.doi.org/http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.csuci.edu/10.1037/0893-3200.22.3.329

Pariseau, E., Chevalier, L., Long, K., Edwards-Leeper, L., Clapham, R., & Tishelman, A. (2019). The relationship between family acceptance-rejection and transgender youth psychosocial functioning. , 7, 267-277. http://dx.doi.org/http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.csuci.edu/10.1037/cpp0000291

Plöderl, Martin; Fartacek, Reinhold.Archives of Sexual Behavior; New

York Vol. 38, Iss. 3,  (Jun 2009): 400-10. DOI:10.1007/s10508-007-9244-6

Tyler Hatchel; Ingram, Katherine M; Mintz, Sasha; Hartley, Chelsey; Valido, Alberto; et

al.Journal of Child and Family Studies; New York Vol. 28, Iss. 9,  (Sep 2019): 2443-

2455. DOI:10.1007/s10826-019-01339-2

Willging, C., Green, A., & Ramos, M. (2016, October 22). Implementing school nursing strategies to reduce LGBTQ adolescent suicide: a randomized cluster trial study protocol. , 11(1). http://dx.doi.org/http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.csuci.edu/10.1186/s13012-016-0507-2

Woznicki, N., Arriaga, A., Caporale-Berkowitz, N., & Parent, M. (2020). Parasocial relationships and depression among LGBQ emerging adults living with their parents during COVID-19: The potential for online support. . http://dx.doi.org/http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.csuci.edu/10.1037/sgd0000458