User:Joellegavazziapril/sandbox

Bibliography/Notes for Magnetic Separation
Liberti, P. A., Wang, Y., Tang, W., Feeley, B. P., & Gohel, D. I. (1995). U.S. Patent No. 5,466,574. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

Notes:

Oberteuffer

- magnetic separation = used for removal of tramp iron

- these tramp iron are from variety of feed material + for the beneficiation of ferrous ores

- devices used for magnetic separation = strong magnetic materials + diversity of mechanical designs

- magnetic separation has potential in = pollution control, chemical processing, benefaction of nonferrous low grade ores

what happens during MS? = magnetic forces interact with competing gravitational, hydrodynamic and inter particle forces in the magnetic separator

Liberti

Statement Summary
Other implication in which magnetic separation could potentially be used is in "pollution control, chemical processing, and during the benefaction of nonferrous low grade ores".

Copied article + work added
Magnetic Separation is which separating components of mixtures by using magnets to attract magnetically susceptible materials. This separation technique can be useful in mining iron as it is attracted to a magnet. This technique is useful for not all, but few minerals such as ferromagnetic and paramagnetic. Ferromagnetic minerals includes pyrrhotite and magnetite. As for paramagnetic minerals, they include hematite, ilmenite, chromite and monazite. A large diversity of mechanical designs are used to separate magnetic materials. During magnetic separation, magnets are situated inside two separator drums which bear liquids. Due to the magnets, magnetic particles are being drifted by the movement of the drums. This can create a magnetic concentrate (e.g. an ore concentrate).

History
First usages of magnetic separation were done after the Second World War. The systems used at that time were electromagnets. Magnetic separation was developed again in the late 1970s with new technologies being inaugurated. The new forms of magnetic separation included magnetic pulleys, overhead magnets and magnetic drums.

In mines where wolframite was mixed with cassiterite, such as South Crofty and East Pool mine in Cornwall or with bismuth such as at the Shepherd and Murphy mine in Moina, Tasmania, magnetic separation is used to separate the ores. At these mines, a device called a Wetherill's Magnetic Separator (invented by John Price Wetherill, 1844–1906) was used. In this machine, the raw ore, after calcination was fed onto a conveyor belt which passed underneath two pairs of electromagnets under which further belts ran at right angles to the feed belt. The first pair of balls was weakly magnetized and served to draw off any iron ore present. The second pair were strongly magnetized and attracted the wolframite, which is weakly magnetic. These machines were capable of treating 10 tons of ore a day.

Magnetic Cell Separation
Magnetic Cell Separation is on the rise. It is currently being used in clinical therapies, more specifically in cancers and hereditary diseases researches. Magnetic cell separation took a turn when, Zborowski, an Immunomagnetic Cell Separation (IMCS) pioneer, analyzed commercial magnetic cell separation. Zborowski uncovered crucial revelations that were then used, and are still used today, in the human understanding of cell biology. Today, the manufacture of therapeutic products concerning cancers and genetic diseases, are being innovated due to these discoveries.

Magnetic Separation in Microbiology
Magnetic separation techniques are also used in microbiology. In this case, binding molecules and antibodies are used in order to isolate specific viable organisms, nucleic acids, or antigens. This technology helps isolating bacterial species to identify and give diagnostics of genes targeting certain organisms. When magnetic separation techniques are combined with PCR (polymerase chain reaction), the results increase in sensitivity and specificity.

Low-Field Magnetic Separation
Low-field magnetic separation is often in environmental contexts such as water purification and the separation of complex mixtures. Low magnetic field gradients are field gradients that are smaller than one hundred tesla per meter. Monodisperse magnetite (Fe3O4) and nanocrystals (NCs) are used for this technique.

Other Applications
Magnetic Separation can also be used in electromagnetic cranes that separate magnetic material from scraps and unwanted substances.

Another application, not widely known but very important, is to use magnets in process industries to remove metal contaminants from product streams. This takes a lot of importance in food or pharmaceutical industries. Other possible applications in which magnetic separation could potentially be used is in situations where pollution needs to be controlled, in chemical processing, as well as during the benefaction of nonferrous low grade ores. The technique is often used in the recycling industry to remove metals from recycled materials.

Reflective Essay
Critiquing Articles

The first thing I learned about Wikipedia was that not all articles are done or rated as having great quality. In other words, I was not aware that all articles, no matter their quality, were accessible to the public. During the article evaluation, I learned that a detailed lead section was extremely important for all article. It is the section of the article that is the most read and that attracts the readers. Good sourcing is extremely important to reduce faulty or inaccurate information. I also learned that to make sure that you can trust the information in an article, there are signs to look for. These signs include warning banners, fragmented lead section, value statements, gaps in sourcing, under-developed reference section, and imbalanced sections.

Like the Wikipedia trainings mentioned, a major tool in evaluating a Wikipedia article is to look at the quality rating. I also saw that the magnetic separation article was extremely short and did not include a lot of information, so I knew that a certain amount of work was required. In other words, I knew that I could add new information to it. Also, the structure was unclear which is an aspect of the article that I worked on as well.

My article was lacking information. It was not difficult to decide what to add since it only contained an incomplete general definition of the topic. I then decided to work on that general definition first. As I was doing research and learning on the subject more deeply, I was able to gather interesting and important information to add.

Summarizing your Contributions

I edited the article a lot. I started by changing the layout since I thought the information was mixed up which made it difficult to understand. It also made it hard for me to know where to start and which information to add. After this step, I added new and interesting sources to the reference list from which I based my contributions. With these new references, I was able to make the general definition of my topic much fuller, more detailed, and more understandable for the readers. By doing my research, I found that magnetic separation is a technique that is used in many different fields of study/research. I added many subheadings to explain each technique and use of magnetic separation.

My article is fuller since I added a certain amount of new information. As I separated each different section with a subheading, it makes it easier for the readers to read the article. It makes the article clearer and complete.

Peer Review

I enjoyed the peer review section of the assignment. As well as it showed me how the other students were working on their article, it showed me a new way to look at my own article. It gave me an idea of what I should personally change and add in my own work. Peer reviewing articles was extremely helpful for the process of improving an article. The exercise on Wikipedia explained what you should look for in an article which was a helpful guideline.

When reviewing two of my peers’ articles, my contributions first included the level of writing. I believe that since anyone can have access to Wikipedia articles, the lead section needs to be easy to understand and the structure of the article had to be as clear as possible. These two points are extremely important for the overall comprehension of the article. I then looked at the sources that were used as they had to be reliable to minimize inaccurate information. Other contributions that I made to my peers’ articles was to look if their content was neutral and balanced.

I have not found any recommendation by my peers which is unfortunate since having a pair of fresh eyes would have been helpful for the process of developing and elaborating my article.

Feedback

Unfortunately, I did not receive feedback from other Wikipedia editors. I think that it would have helped me a lot with enhancing and improving my article. I would have liked to get feedback to understand better what I was doing wrong. Also, it would have helped me understand better the way that Wikipedia works, and how writers and editors work as an ensemble.

Having feedback, I would have responded and handled it really well. It is a good thing to have your work critiqued. Indeed, without critics, writing skills would never improve.

Wikipedia Generally

Contributing to Wikipedia allowed me to work with other people with a new perspective. Indeed, I was working on an article that a complete stranger wrote. I was changing their work and adding new information. I usually prefer to work on assignments alone, but Wikipedia was a new way of working in a team. It helped me improve and work on that skill. It is also the first time that my work is available to anyone who wants to learn about the subject that I decided to enhance.

The Wikipedia assignment was completely different from any other assignment I have ever done before. Usually, an assignment is personal. Indeed, only yourself and the teacher (or TA) read the words you write for your assignment. So, writing for such an accessible site where anyone can read the article that you decided to improve was out of my comfort zone.

As of right now, Wikipedia articles can be changed by anyone who has an account. I believe that to improve Wikipedia’s content, regulations should be more severe. Only people with professional backgrounds should be allowed to write or improve articles in their field of study. This would minimize incoherent information. When making an account, it should be mandatory to give Wikipedia a proof of your field of study or professional work so that only the articles from that field of knowledge would be accessible to edit or write.

It is extremely important since Wikipedia is an international website that is widely used. It is used every day for knowledge which shows how important it is that it shares the best and most accurate information in order to avoid distorting people’s learning experiences and overall understanding.