User:Jojo11234/sandbox

Evaluate Article
Information privacy


 * Lead Section: I think this article did a decent job in the lead section as it has an introductory sentence that precisely describes the content of the article, and it does not overfit. However, It does not have a brief description of the article's major sections.
 * Content: Overall the contents are pretty good as it gives us a general idea of what information privacy is composed of and gives us some information on protection of information privacy. However, the contents are relatively limited and talk about America mainly. In addition, the articles that it used are mainly before 2018 which is quite outdated after three years. It also does not address the issue of equity gaps or underrepresented population.
 * Tone and Balance: I believe the article does a great job in Tone and Balance as it it very neutral and does not appear to be heavily biased towards a particular direction and there are neither overrepresented or underrepresented ideas and it does not persuade its readers in favor of any direction.
 * Source and References: Yes all facts in the article backed up by a reliable secondary source of information. They reflect the reliable literature source of information. However they are a little bit outdated with the most recent source at year 2018 and the oldest source at year 2011. The referenced articles are written by a variety of authors instead of a single author. The links of the referenced articles also work.
 * Organization and writing quality: The article is well written with formal language, punctuation and no grammar error. It is easy to read and well organized.
 * Images and Media: The articles has some issues with this part as it has hardly no images or videos especially in the introduction part. Including images will definitely make it easier to understand.
 * Talk Page Discussion: There are discussion on information privacy in other countries such as India and China. In addition it also discusses about introducing more articles into the session. The article is rated as a C on the quality scale with high importance. This article is under three Wiki projects: Computing, Internet, and Mass surveillance. It differs from what we discussed in class in that it talks about legality while we never discussed about this part in class.
 * Overall Impressions: I think this article is a good article as it has very good contents and gives us a general idea of what information privacy is. Its strengths includes its organization, language, tone, source and Lead Section. One improvement that can be done is that it should include more contents and try to update its sources as they are relatively outdated. Overall I think this article needs more development as the contents are still too few and limited. In addition, images and medias should be included for better explanations.

Evaluate Article #2
Information security: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8


 * Lead Section: I think this article does not do a good job in the lead section as first of all it does not have an introductory sentence that precisely describes the content of the article. In addition, It does not have a brief description of the article's major sections.
 * Content: The contents of this article is very limited. It gives us some general idea of what information security is by telling us its components, history and simple principles. However it only covers information security in China. In addition, it is poorly referenced with only one source. It also does not address the issue of equity gaps or underrepresented population. Moreover, under the section principle, it does not expand on the concepts.
 * Tone and Balance: I believe the article does a good job in Tone and Balance as it it very neutral and does not appear to be heavily biased towards a particular direction and there are neither overrepresented or underrepresented ideas and it does not persuade its readers in favor of any direction.
 * Source and References: The article does horrible in sources and references. It only has one reference source and it cannot be reached. Moreover, it uses many contents from Wikipedia which can be quite risky. The reference is also from year 2016 which is quite outdated. The sources do not reflect the overall ideas about information security.
 * Organization and writing quality: The article is well written with formal language, punctuation and no grammar error. It is easy to read and well organized.
 * Images and Media: The articles issues with this part as it has hardly any images or videos especially in the introduction part. Including images will definitely make it easier to understand.
 * Talk Page Discussion: There aren't any discussion inside the article. This article is rated as a start on the quality scale with high importance and under wiki project Computing and Information Technology.
 * Overall Impressions: I think this articles is poorly made as it contained very few content and useful information. Its strengths include grammar, organization and tones. However, it has way more weakness compared to strengths. For instance, the citation and sources are poorly made; there is hardly any images and medias; it only has one reference while a good article should reference from different sources. I believe this article is poorly developed and requires much development and improvement.

Privacy
Privacy is a person's privilege to not being offended or violated illegally on any aspect of his interest related to personality. A person's own business that is not legally related to the public should not be exposed as well. In addition, any personal activities or businesses should not cause mental pain to other people or make them embarrassed. It is a human's basic rights in life which is supported by many different laws. Because of its existence, some activities organized by either the government or any single person are limited to some degree.

Privacy is a person or a group's privilege to isolate himself or any information related to him. In the business world, people may willingly offer their detailed personal information, including advertisement information, in order to achieve certain benefits. Public figure might be limited to public laws.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
privacy is clearly defined in Article thirty two of The Universal Declaration of Human Rights as:"'any person's personal life, family, address, and communication should not be intervened. His honor and reputation should not be attacked. Everyone possesses the the right to be protected by laws and be prevented from this kinda of intervention or attack.'"

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
privacy is defined in Article seventeen in International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights as:"' 1. Any person's personal life, family, address and communication should not be illegally intervened and his honor and credit should not be illegally damaged 2. Any person has the right to be protected by laws against these kinds of interventions and damages'"

The right to privacy in the digital age
Members of the United Nations has passed the protocol The right to privacy in the digital age on December 18, 2013:


 * The resolution not only notices that the development of technologies has enabled people to have new methods of communication, but also points out the fact that it also strengthens countries, governments, and people's ability to monitor others.
 * The resolution demonstrates deep concern towards the negative influences of surveillance and Interception. It also emphasizes that any illegal communication monitor/Data collection will violate democratic society's privacy and freedom of speech.
 * The resolution also thinks that humans share same human right no matter he is online or offline.
 * The resolution urges countries to set up or maintain supervision mechanism within countries to make sure that countries are crystal clear in areas like surveillance, interception and personal data collection.

The Definition Of Privacy
In 1960, professor William L. Prossor has listed 4 types of violation in the article privacy: Normally speaking, actions that violate privacy include:


 * Intervention of the victim's secluded residence or secret
 * Publicly disclose things that embarrass the victim
 * Publish materials to give the public a wrong impression of the victim
 * Misuse of the victim's name and portrait without being informed of his own interests

Press
Most people, especially those concerned by the media, believe that their personal lives are reported by the media as an infringement of their right to privacy. However, journalists believe that the public has the right to know the personal information of public figures. This distinction is embedded in most judicial practices.

People's Republic of China:
The National Security Law and the Cybersecurity Law promulgated in 2015 give public security and security departments great powers to collect all kinds of information, forcing individuals to use network services to submit private information for monitoring, and forcing network operators to store user data Within China, unrestricted "technical support" from the security department must be provided. Other laws and regulations related to privacy are as follows:

Constitution of People's Republic of China:
" Article 38 The personal dignity of citizens of the People's Republic of China shall not be violated. It is forbidden to use any method to insult, slander, and falsely accuse citizens.

Article 39 The residences of the People's Republic of China should be inviolable. It is prohibited to illegally search or trespass into citizens’ houses.

Article 40 The freedom and confidentiality of communications of citizens of the People’s Republic of China are protected by law. Except for the needs of national security or the pursuit of    criminal offenses, the public security organs or procuratorial organs shall inspect communications in accordance with the procedures prescribed by law, no organization or individual may infringe on citizens’ freedom of communication and confidentiality for any reason.

Civil Code of the People's Republic of China:
"'Article 1032   Natural persons enjoy the right to privacy. No organization or individual may infringe the privacy rights of others by spying, harassing, divulging, disclosing, etc.'"

About the privacy of the deceased:
"' The Supreme People's Court's 'Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning the Determination of Liability for Compensation for Mental Damage in Civil Torts' was adopted at the 116th meeting of the Judicial Committee of the Supreme People's Court on February 26, 2001. Article 3 After the death of a natural person, if a close relative of a natural person suffers mental pain due to the following infringements, and the people’s court sues for compensation for mental damage, the people’s court shall accept the case: (2) Illegal disclosure or use of the privacy of the deceased, or infringement of the privacy of the deceased in other ways that violate social public interests or social ethics. '"

Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Minors：
"“Article 39 No organization or individual may disclose the personal privacy of minors. No organization or individual may conceal or destroy letters, diaries, and e-mails of minors, except for the need to investigate crimes. Public security organs or people’s procuratorates shall conduct inspections in accordance with the law, or letters, diaries, and e-mails of minors who are incapacitated. Diaries and e-mails shall be opened and read by their parents or other guardians, and no organization or individual shall open or read them.“"

COCOA
The new type of pneumonia close contact inquiry APP is a COVID-19 application for smartphones provided by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. It is abbreviated as COCOA. The application uses Bluetooth to detect and record suspected close contacts between users. If the contact is diagnosed with COVID-19, the user will be notified. After receiving the notification, the user can consider self-isolation or go to a medical institution for treatment.

Development
On May 20, 2020, Apple and Google began to provide the public health authorities of various countries with the new coronavirus infection notification (English: Exposure Notification). On May 26, 2020, the "New Coronavirus Infectious Disease Countermeasures Technical Team" released a specification that defines the contact confirmation application and related systems that use this API. After Persol Process & Technology received the project management and maintenance order with a price of 41.04 million yen, it subcontracted it to two companies, including Microsoft Japan and Fixer. The application itself is developed by the open source community "COVID-19 Radar Japan" composed of private IT technicians. The members include Japanese Microsoft employees, and Persol Process & Technology is responsible for maintenance and adjustments. On June 15, the Nikkei reported that the application was developed by Microsoft in the United States, and Microsoft in Japan later denied the content of the report. At 15:00 on June 19, 2020, Google Play and App Store began to provide the 1.0.0 (initial trial version) version of the application. This version does not link to the information control and management support system (HER-SYS) of people infected with the new coronavirus, and there are many problems. Version 1.1.1 (trial version) fixes the problems of the previous version, and after accessing the above system, it will be published to the App Store on June 30, 2020, and to Google Play on July 1, 2020. The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare stated that it will maintain the trial version for about one month after its release (June 19, 2020), revising the design and functions.

COVID-19 Radar Japan
The initiator Hirose told Diamond Online that the plan was promoted by himself and 5 other core members, including Hirose, 4 core members agreed to open the name for an interview.


 * Hirose Kazukai (the initiator of COVID-19 Radar Japan)
 * Yasuda Kristina (External External person in charge)
 * Noriko Matsumoto (designer in charge)
 * Tetsuhiko Kodama (designer in charge)

Record contact information
As long as the smart phones of both parties are installed with COCOA and Bluetooths are turned on, the devices will record each other's data (identification code) and store it as "contact information". The contact information is an encrypted record, and personal identity cannot be identified. After 14 days of storage, the recorded information will be automatically delete. For privacy reasons, the application does not use personally identifiable information such as phone numbers and location information (GPS).

Notify when contact with confirmed cases
A confirmed case of COVID-19 confirmed by PCR testing will receive a "processing number" issued by the health center after the diagnosis is confirmed. After entering COCOA, people who have been in contact with the confirmed case will be notified. The Japanese government stated that the processing number of a confirmed case will only be sent to the confirmed case itself by mail, etc., to prevent abusers from falsely reporting the diagnosis.

Can't find application issue
When it was released on June 19, 2020, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare urged users to search for "contact confirmation app" (contact confirmation app) in the App Store and other places, and install it (download) for free. After the release, many people reported that they "cannot download" or "cannot search". The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare finally published the application link on its official website, and clicked it to go directly to the installation interface.

Confirmed information registration problem
In version 1.0.0 of the app, when registering confirmed information, even if the input processing number is not issued by the "New Coronavirus Infected Persons and Other Information Grasp and Management Support System", it will display "completed". After receiving the report, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare stated that it is temporarily suspending the issuance of the processing number. Since the system will check the processing number, if the entered processing number has not been issued, it will not be registered as a confirmed case, and other users will not receive contact notifications. This problem has been fixed in version 1.1.1 of the application.

Starting day display problem
In version 1.0.0 of the application, the start date will be displayed as today's date. The 1.1.1 version of the application has fixed this problem.

Confirmed cases cannot be registered in the app issue
The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare stated that it will stop issuing the processing number required for registration information since July 11th due to “the discovery of a confirmed case of new coronavirus infection that could not be registered in the app”. The revised version (1.1.2) will be released on iOS on July 13th and Android on July 14th to fix this problem.

Problem reporting method
The Tuberculosis and Infectious Diseases Division of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare stated that if problems are found, they can report through the consultation email address listed in the app and Q&A, or go to the issue report discussion area (Issues) in the GitHub project.

Reference

 * COVID-19 app
 * Protect each other from the COVID-19 application developed by JAPAN-Code for Japan. The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare decided to suspend development after the introduction of COCOA, but it has not been disclosed.
 * Join Forces Tracking-The COVID-19 app released by the Singapore government.
 * Health code

Annotation

 * The repository of COVID-19 Radar is different from COCOA.
 * Abbreviated from COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application.
 * The download rate is divided by the total population of 125.9 million people in Japan as of May 1, 2020[22], and then expressed as a percentage, rounded to the second decimal place.

Reference Articles

 * 1) Government contact confirmation app, supplier is Persol. Japan Economic News. 2020-06-17 [2020-06-19]. (Archived from the original on 2020-06-19).
 * 2) Notification of close contact with corona-infected persons Started using the app "COCOA". NHK News. 2020-06-19 [2020-06-19].
 * 3) New Coronavirus Contact Confirmation App (COCOA) COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application. www.mhlw.go.jp. [2020-07-15].
 * 4) New Coronavirus Contact Confirmation App. App Store. [2020-06-20].
 * 5) Contact Confirmation Application Terms of Service. www.mhlw.go.jp. [2020-06-20].
 * 6) Covid-19Radar / Covid19Radar, Project Covid19Radar, 2020-06-20 [2020-06-20]
 * 7) Japan's new corona contact confirmation app, Android version also released Following iOS version. ITmedia NEWS. 2020-06-19 [2020-06-20].
 * 8) Japanese contact confirmation app "COCOA" released today at 3:00 pm. ITmedia NEWS. 2020-06-19 [2020-06-19].
 * 9) "Contact confirmation" application distribution start with infected people Information to short-distance user smartphones. Mainichi Shimbun. 2020-06-19 [2020-06-19].
 * 10) "Contact confirmation" application distribution start with infected people Information to short-distance users' smartphones. Mainichi Shimbun. [2020-06-20].
 * 11) Apple and Google release API of new corona "exposure notification" 22 countries including Japan have accessed. ITmediaNEWS. 2020-05-21 [2020-06-20].
 * 12) The government's "contact confirmation app" specifications have been released. Available on iOS and Android in mid-June. Impress Watch. 2020-05-26 [2020-06-19].
 * 13) The specifications of the new Corona contact confirmation app have been released-to an app that does not identify individuals using Bluetooth. 2020-05-28 [2020-06-20].
 * 14) Development cost 41 million yen Will the "Corona Contact App" spread to 60% of the population? Smart FLASH [Kobunsha Shukanshi. ] 2020-06-19 [2020-06-21].
 * 15) Outline of Minister Kato's press conference (Friday, June 19, 2nd year of Reiwa 11: 13-11: 44). Www.mhlw.go.jp. [2020-06-24].
 * 16) Directly hit the developer of Corona "contact confirmation app"! How is personal information handled? Is it effective? --Diamond Online
 * 17) Treasure money Kanae. Hit the developer of Corona "contact confirmation app" directly! How is personal information handled? Is it effective? Diamond Online. Diamond Inc. 2020-06-20 [2020-06-25].
 * 18) Is the contact confirmation app made by US MS? Japan MS denies that it is "not a fact". ITmedia NEWS. [2020-07-04].
 * 19) Why was the release of the contact confirmation app delayed? Directly hit Deputy Minister of Health, Labor and Welfare Hashimoto, who leads the IT measures of Corona. Nikkei XTECH. [2020-06-23].
 * 20) Nikkei Cross Tech (xTECH). The Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare released a contact confirmation app around 3:00 pm on the 19th, and the functions were gradually improved with the trial version. Nikkei Cross Tech (xTECH). [2020-07-03].
 * 21) Directly hit the developer of Corona "contact confirmation app"! How is personal information handled? Is it effective? Diamond Online. [2020-06-21].
 * 22) Population estimation (fixed value in December of the first year of Reiwa (2019), estimated value in May of the second year of Reiwa (2020)) (announced on May 20, 2020). stat.go.jp. [2020-06-22].
 * 23) Impress Co., Ltd. Contact confirmation application "COCOA" of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, notifications from positive people can be received from July 3. Keitai Watch. 2020-07-02 [2020-07-03].
 * 24) New Coronavirus Contact Confirmation App (COCOA) COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application ｜ Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. Web.archive.org. 2020-07-03 [2020-07-08].
 * 25) New Coronavirus Contact Confirmation App (COCOA) COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application ｜ Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. Web.archive.org. 2020-07-06 [2020-07-07].
 * 26) New Coronavirus Contact Confirmation App (COCOA) COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application ｜ Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. Web.archive.org. 2020-07-07 [2020-07-07].
 * 27) New Coronavirus Contact Confirmation App (COCOA) COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application ｜ Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. Web.archive.org. 2020-07-08 [2020-07-08].
 * 28) New Coronavirus Contact Confirmation App (COCOA) COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application ｜ Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. Web.archive.org. 2020-07-09 [2020-07-09].
 * 29) New Coronavirus Contact Confirmation App (COCOA) COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application ｜ Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. Web.archive.org. 2020-07-10 [2020-07-10].
 * 30) New Coronavirus Contact Confirmation App (COCOA) COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application ｜ Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. Web.archive.org. 2020-07-13 [2020-07-13].
 * 31) New Coronavirus Contact Confirmation App (COCOA) COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application ｜ Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. Web.archive.org. 2020-07-14 [2020-07-14].
 * 32) New Coronavirus Contact Confirmation App (COCOA) COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application ｜ Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. Web.archive.org. 2020-07-15 [2020-07-15].
 * 33) New Coronavirus Contact Confirmation App (COCOA) COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application ｜ Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. Web.archive.org. 2020-07-16 [2020-07-16].
 * 34) New Coronavirus Contact Confirmation App (COCOA) COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application ｜ Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. Web.archive.org. 2020-07-17 [2020-07-17].
 * 35) New Coronavirus Contact Confirmation App (COCOA) COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application ｜ Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. Web.archive.org. 2020-07-20 [2020-07-20].
 * 36) "COCOA" of the dense contact notification cannot be downloaded. Voices one after another. NHK News. 2020-06-19 [2020-06-19].
 * 37) The Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare will guide you if there is a problem with the contact notification application "COCOA". Keitai Watch. 2020-06-19 [2020-06-21].
 * 38) Multiple problems with "contact confirmation app COCOA". NTV NEWS24. 2020-06-22 [2020-06-23].
 * 39) Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare's contact confirmation app, positive report "processing number" issuance started DL 4.99 million. ITmedia NEWS. [2020-07-03].
 * 40) New Coronavirus Contact Confirmation App (COCOA) COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application. Www.mhlw.go.jp. [2020-06-24].
 * 41) Q & A. [2020-06-23].
 * 42) Problem Report Bulletin Board (Issues) in the GitHub project. [2020-06-23].

Virtual Lab Discussion Week 8

 * What are some reasons you might not want to use a company's website as the main source of information about that company?
 * It is because a company's website is usually composed of information that is beneficial for the company in such a way the information is likely to be very biased.
 * What is the difference between a copyright violation and plagiarism?
 * It's completely different an example of copyright violation could be introducing a pop song in a pop song wikipedia without getting permitted while plagiarism happened when u copy someone else's point without citing
 * What are some good techniques to avoid close paraphrasing and plagiarism within a translated article?
 * It will be better if we can find many different sources and read carefully of the translated article and understand it thoroughly. This way it is easier for us to express the contents in our own ideas and words
 * What are a few differences you notice between English citations and the citations in your assigned language?
 * I don't think there is really much of a difference between these two.
 * What are some good techniques to avoid close paraphrasing and plagiarism within a translated article?
 * It will be better if we can find many different sources and read carefully of the translated article and understand it thoroughly. This way it is easier for us to express the contents in our own ideas and words
 * What are a few differences you notice between English citations and the citations in your assigned language?
 * I don't think there is really much of a difference between these two.
 * What are a few differences you notice between English citations and the citations in your assigned language?
 * I don't think there is really much of a difference between these two.

Virtual Lab Discussion Week 9

 * What do you think of Wikipedia's definition of "neutrality"?
 * It means that the content of the wiki page does not lead to any certain conclusion it should give the readers a general idea instead of skewing to any side
 * What are the impacts and limits of Wikipedia as a source of information?
 * The contents of any wiki page can be revised by any people hence the credibility is uncertain.
 * On Wikipedia, all material must be attributable to reliable, published sources. What kinds of sources does this exclude? Can you think of any problems that might create?
 * Sources that should be excluded include twitters, blogs and also wiki. Wikipedia is read by billions of people around the world. If the source is insecure or incorrect, then a lot of people will receive the wrong information
 * If Wikipedia was written 100 years ago, how might its content (and contributors) be different? What about 100 years from now?
 * The focused topics will be definitely different. In addition, the contents will be more accurate and there will be way more contents than before.
 * If Wikipedia was written 100 years ago, how might its content (and contributors) be different? What about 100 years from now?
 * The focused topics will be definitely different. In addition, the contents will be more accurate and there will be way more contents than before.
 * The focused topics will be definitely different. In addition, the contents will be more accurate and there will be way more contents than before.

Look for important terms, concepts, and technical phrases within your assigned article. Do these concepts translate neatly into English? If not, how can you effectively communicate those topics in your translated article?


 * How confident are you in translating your assigned article & what resources are available to you if you get stuck? Remember, you do not need to be an expert in your language to translate, but should feel comfortable asking for help when needed.

I am pretty confident in translating my assigned article as I am very fluent in Chinese. When I get stuck I will use google translate or some other dictionaries.


 * English Wikipedia has style manuals to help editors maintain consistency and readability. What writing resources are available on your language Wikipedia? Include these in both your discussion responses and the final project.

I don't really think there are writing sources available in my language's Wiki cause the wiki in my own language is not very developed.


 * Readability is important when writing a Wikipedia article. What strategies can you use or what adjustments can you make to facilitate your potential viewers' comfort when reading the article?

I will try to read my translated article many many times to make sure that it is easy to read and understand


 * How much of a cultural understanding would readers need in order to understand the concepts presented in the article? How might you communicate this background knowledge in your translation?

The readers do not require much cultural understanding in order to understand the concepts but it might be better if the readers knew a little bit of Chinese Politics.