User:JoyceWood/sandbox

Anatole A. Klyosov is a Russian-born scientist who spent most of his career developing ways to use enzymes to convert agricultural waste products into useful products and to develop pharmaceuticals. He immigrated to the US during the administration of Mikhail Gorbachev. He is working on a field he named "DNA genealogy" that is a pseudoscientific version of genetic genealogy and human evolutionary genetics.

Career
Klyosov earned Ph.D. and D.Sc. degrees in physical chemistry, and an M.S. degree in enzyme kinetics, from Moscow State University. In the late 1970s he worked at Harvard University; he was offered a contract to keep working there but the USSR government would not allow him to take it and he remained in the USSR.

From 1981 to 1990, he was professor and head of the Carbohydrates Research Laboratory at the A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, USSR Academy of Sciences. In the winter of 1982/1983 he became the first person behind the Iron Curtain who was allowed by the government of the USSR to use the computer network that later became the Internet, in order for him to represent the USSR in a conference hosted on the network; he used a computer hosted on Institute's network. He said that he developed methods to use enzymes to convert cotton plant waste products into glucose and by 1983 a pilot plant had been built in the USSR to test these methods. He was awarded the USSR State Prize in Science and Technology in 1984. In 1989 he was made a fellow of the World Academy of Art and Science

After Mikhail Gorbachev came to power Klyosov immigrated to the US, and from 1990 to 1998, he was a visiting professor of biochemistry at the Center for Biochemical and Biophysical Sciences at Harvard Medical School.

In 1991 he started a consulting business called MIR International.

From 1996 to 2006 Klyosov worked at a subsidiary of Kadant, where he applied enzymology to processing of waste products from the paper-making industry, and following advice from a friend in the plastics industry, helped create a business that used cellulose granules as filler material for plastic composite products.

In 2001 he helped found Pro-Pharmaceuticals, a company that was formed to use enzymes to add carbodydrates to existing cancer drugs to make them work better, and was caught up in scandal in 2004 when the company's investors accused its CEO of misrepresenting his role in the company. He joined the company as Chief Scientific Officer in 2006. Pro-Pharmaceuticals named a new CEO in March 2011, and gave Klyosov a one year contract to continue as CSO the same month. The company was renamed as Galectin Therapeutics in May 2011. He then became a member of the company's scientific advisory board.

"DNA genealogy"
From 2008 Klyosov became also known for what he calls "DNA genealogy", a new discipline aimed to synthesize anthropology, linguistics and archaeology and implement methods of chemical kinetics in genetics. Between 2010 and 2016 Klyosov published 10 books in the field, characterized as a "patriotic science" in which he made "outlandish claims", and used erroneous methods. These books and related journal publications describing "DNA genealogy" are considered pseudoscience with respect to genetic genealogy and human evolutionary genetics and have been characterized by Russian scientists as "DNA demagoguery”. In some of his writings on DNA genealogy Klyosov tried to refute the Out of Africa hypothesis and proposed his alternative Into Africa theory.

Klyosov is the founder and president of the Academy of DNA Genealogy and self-publishes its proceedings via Lulu.

In 2013 Klyosov became editor-in-chief of the journal Advances in Anthropology, published by Scientific Research Publishing, after a mass resignation of editors from the journal.

Books in English

 * (Translated to Chinese, Science Press, China, 2010; translated to Russian, НОТ Publishing House, 2010, 736 с.)