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Pharmaceuticals[edit]
Chelate complexes of gadolinium are often used as contrast agents in MRI scans, though iron particle and manganese chelate complexes have also been explored. Bifunctional chelate complexes of zirconium, gallium, fluorine, copper, yttrium, bromine, or iodine are often used for conjugation to monoclonal antibodies for use in antibody-based PET imaging. These chelate complexes often employ the usage of hexadentate ligands such as desferrioxamine B (DFO), and octadentate ligands such as DTPA and 3,4,3-(LI-1,2-HOPO). Auranofin, a chelate complex of gold, is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, and penicillamine, a chelate complex of copper, is used in the treatment of Wilson's disease, cystinuria, as well as refractory rheumatoid arthritis.