User:Jts1882/phylogeny/legumes

This page will hold a variety of drafts for modifying existing articles and some phylogenetic and taxonomic resources.

Leguminosae
Subfamilies according to the Legume Phylogeny Working Group 2017

Caesalpinioidea
Subfamily Caesalpinioideae is one of the three traditional subfamilies of legumes, along with Mimosoideae and Papilionoideae (or Faboideae), and has been divided into four tribes, Cercideae, Detarieae, Cassieae and Caesalpinieae. However, recent work, mainly studies of molecular markers, have shown that Caesalpinioideae as traditionally circumscribed is paraphyletic with respect to both the other two subfamilies and that neither tribe Cassieae nor Caesalpinieae are monophyletic. As a result, the Legume Phylogeny Working Group (LPWG) proposed a new classification with six monophyletic subfamilies. Papilionoideae was retained with some generic transfers. The caesalpinioid tribes Cercideae and Detarieae were elevated to subfamilies, and tribe Cassieae split, with two its subtribes moved to new subfamily Dialioideaeinae and the monotypic subtribe Duparquetiinae elevated to subfamily Duparquetioideae. Subfamily Caesalpinioide was recircumscribed to include the former tribe Caesalpinieae, the remainder of Cassieae, and also subsumed subfamily Mimosoideae as the Mimosoideae clade. The traditional and revised LPWG classification are summarised in the following table.

Phylogenetics

 * Content from Caesalpinioideae
 * Cladogram follows stated source, but is there a newer version?

Caesalpinioideae, as it was traditionally circumscribed, was paraphyletic. Several molecular phylogenies in the early 2000s showed that the other two subfamilies of Fabaceae (Faboideae and Mimosoideae) were both nested within Caesalpinioideae. Consequently, the subfamilies of Fabaceae were reorganized to make them monophyletic. Caesalpinioideae, as currently defined, contains the following subclades: Notes:
 * Polhill and Vidal (1981) recognised 8 informal generic groups in tribe Caesalpinieae, while Polhill (1994) recognised a ninth
 * the Gleditsia group (2 genera),
 * the Acrocarpus group (monogeneric),
 * the Sclerolobium group (3 genera),
 * the Peltophorum group (13 genera; 16 genera in Polhill 1994),
 * the Caesalpinia group (16 genera; 13 genera in Polhill 1994),
 * the Poeppigia group (monogeneric),
 * the Pterogyne group (monogeneric)
 * the Dimorphandra group (10 genera), and
 * the Orphanodendron group (monogeneric; Polhill (1994) only).
 * the molecular analyses find seven lineages, six derived mainly from tribe Caesalpinieae
 * Caesalpinia Group
 * Peltophorum group (reduced to a core of 8 genera (or 9 if Heteroflorum recognised)]
 * Pterogyne as either sister to Caesalpinia clade (Bruneau-2008) or Cassia clade (Manzanilla-Bruneau-2012)
 * Dimorphandra A or Dimorphandra sensu stricto [also includes Dinizia, a traditional mimosoid (Polhill/LOW)]
 * a clade with a grade of Dimorphandra genera (Dimorphandra group B) and Mimosoideae
 * the Cassia clade, comprising genera from
 * subtribe Cassiinae in tribe Cassieae (Cassia, Senna, Chamaecrista)
 * part of the Peltophorum group: Batesia, Recordoxylon, Melanoxylon (the Batesia group of Haston et al 2005 and LOW) and Vouacapoua
 * the Umtiza clade (or grade in Manzanilla & Bruneau 2012), which comprises (LOW/LOWO)
 * the genera in Polhill's Acrocarpus (Acrocarpus) and Gleditsia Groups (Gymnocladus and Gleditsia)
 * Arcoa and Tetrapterocarpon (from the Dimorphandra Group),
 * Ceratonia (from subtribe Ceratoniinae in tribe Cassieae).
 * Umtiza (traditionally included in tribe Detarieae),
 * Poeppigia is recovered with the Dialiinae of Cassieae (now subfamily Dialioideae)

Systematics

 * Content from Mimosoideae
 * Issue: sourcing

Modern molecular phylogenetics suggests the following relationships:

Systematics

 * Content from Faboideae
 * Issue: sourcing/accuracy

Modern molecular phylogenetics recommend a clade-based classification of Faboideae as a superior alternative to the traditional tribal classification of Polhill:

Note: Minor branches have been omitted.