User:JustinFrame/Lost to Follow Up

Lost to Follow Up This article is about Lost to Follow Up, as it pertains to the clinical research trial industry.

Lost-to-Follow-Up

What it is

Lost-to-follow-up refers to patients who at one point in time were actively participating in a clinical research trial, but have become lost (either by error in a computer tracking system or by being unreachable) at the point of follow-up in the clinical research trial. These patients can become lost for many reasons. Without properly informing the investigator associated with the clinical trial they may have opted to withdraw from the clinical trial, moved away from the particular study site during the clinical trial, or become ill and unable to communicate or are deceased. Adverse effects of patient’s lost-to-follow-up

Patients who become lost-to-follow-up during a clinical research trial result in many negative effects on the outcome of the trial and on the pharmaceutical company sponsoring the clinical research trial. Patients who are lost-to-follow-up lead to incomplete study results, which in turn can put a bias on the results of the study as well as a bias on the investigational study medication. A lack of complete results leads to intensified FDA scrutiny of the particular study drug, as well as the pharmaceutical company sponsoring the clinical research study. Biased study outcomes also lead to issues of HIPAA standards and compliance.

Aside from partial study data and regulatory issues, patients that are not retained due to being lost-to-follow-up can lead to problems with the progression of any clinical research study. Low rates of retention and high rates of patient’s lost-to-follow-up have many side-effects, including longer clinical research trial periods and more monetary expenditures because extra resources may need to be dedicated to the recruitment efforts.

Solving the lost-to-follow-up problem

Currently there are no standards or guidelines that express the process or methods that can be used to attempt to reach patients who have become lost-to-follow-up. Only recently have government institutions like the FDA taken action over the recovery of or communication with patient’s lost-to-follow-up. Section 4.3.4 of the ICH E-6 Good Clinical Practice: Consolidated Guidance reads, "Although a subject is not obliged to give his/her reason(s) for withdrawing prematurely from a trial, the investigator should make a reasonable effort to ascertain the reason(s), while fully respecting the subject's rights." This excerpt expresses the need for physicians associated with clinical research trials to make a first-hand effort to contact patients who are lost-to-follow-up. In doing so pharmaceutical companies not only look out for the best interest of the patients who enroll in their clinical research trials, but also protect the data outcome of their clinical trials. It is important for patients, physicians associated with the study and regulatory departments, like the FDA, that more information is provided to the appropriate people whenever possible. The information should be provided by the patient but when that is not feasible it should be provided by the investigator. Proper ways of obtaining information from and about the patients must be developed and proper processes as to the handling of this information must be implemented in order to protect the patients and the integrity of the study outcome. Recently, many companies have developed methods of contacting patients that are lost-to-follow-up and processes of handling information of patients. There are options that pharmaceutical companies can use to find patients that have become lost-to-follow-up, including a new system by MediciGlobal called L2FU. The L2FU system, as well as other lost-to-follow-up systems, uses a custom programmed software system, as well as highly customized research and communication processes.