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Article Chosen: "Geodes"



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Geodes (Greek γεώδης - ge-ōdēs, "earth like") are geological secondary structures which occur in certain sedimentary and volcanic rocks. They are themselves of sedimentary origin and are formed by chemical precipitation. Geodes are hollow, vaguely spheroid to oblate masses of mineral matter (which may include crystals) that form either by the filling of vesicles in volcanic to sub-volcanic rocks by minerals deposited from hydro-thermal fluids or by the dissolution of igneous nodules or syn-genetic concretions and partial filling by the same or other minerals precipitated from diagenetic water, groundwater or hydro-thermal fluids.

Geodes differ from vugs in that the former were formed as early, rounded, structures within the surrounding rock and are often removed intact. Geodes also differ from nodules in that a nodule is a mass of mineral matter that has accredited around the nodule nucleus. Both structures had the minerals contained within, deposited from groundwater or hydro-thermal processes. Geodes commonly have a chalcedony (crypt-crystalline quartz) shell lined internally by various minerals, often as crystals, particularly calcite, pyrite, Kaolinite, sphalerite, millerite, barite, Celeste, dolomite, limonite, smithsonite, opal, chalcedony, and macro-crystalline quartz, the last of which is by far the most common and abundant mineral found in geodes. Geodes are found mostly in basaltic lavas and limestones. The Warsaw Formation in the Keokuk region near the area where the Missouri, Iowa, and Illinois borders meet is an example of a region where geodes are abundant.

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Geodes (deriving for the Greek word "σαν γη" meaning "Earth like") are geological secondary formation within sedimentary and volcanic rocks. Geodes are hollow, vaguely circular rocks, in which masses of mineral matter (which may include crystals) are secluded. The crystals are formed by the filling of vesicles in volcanic and sub-volcanic rocks by minerals deposited from hydro-thermal fluids; or by the dissolution of syn-genetic concretions and partial filling by the same, or other minerals precipitated from genetic water, groundwater or hydro-thermal fluids.

(The second paragraph, in my opinion, is unneeded in the introduction. It seems like it would be it's own category and just complicates the entire intro.)

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History:

Article I'm using: https://www.desertusa.com/desert-prospecting/joel-f-hauser-1.html

Within the world of rocks and gems one name is known to all, Joel F Hauser the founder of Hauser beds one of the biggest geode plants and the first person to discover geodes. Joel lived near the Colorado River being born in the city of Blythe, California in the year 1915. George Hauser father of Joel Hauser owned and operated a freight company by the river. Soon though the Hauser family moved to Redlands, California, Joel spent his childhood there, even graduating at Redland University at the age of 20, in the year 1935. With a newly earned college degree, Joel set out to return to the land his father once work on, to continue his dream of rock hunting and collecting. The rock formation that were once on the land had not been touched for the 15 years after the Hauser family left. Joel with the help of his father collected the round and knobby looking rocks that were growing out of the formations. Curiosity made Joel bring out his mud-saw and crack open the rocks, only to reveal the inside of the rocks were hollowed and the walls were filled with many crystals of a light to dark purple color. These rocks were later to be named Geodes.