User:Jvaningen/Mycobacterium mantenii

Mycobacterium mantenii is a bacterium in the Mycobacterium family. The genus includes species known to cause serious diseases in mammals, including tuberculosis and leprosy, but this species belongs to the generally less pathogenic nontuberculous mycobacteria.

Description
Gram-positive, nonmotile, short and acid-fast rods. No cording, spores or filaments.

Colony characteristics
 * Smooth colonies after 7 or more days of incubation.
 * Colonies grown in dark or in light are pigmented, with bright yellow pigmentation (scotochromogenic).

Differential characteristics
 * Closely related to the scotochromogenic, also slowly growing, M. scrofulaceum.
 * Differentiation is possible by differences in the 16S rDNA, ITS, rpoB and hsp65 sequences
 * A commercial hybridisation assay (Inno-LiPA) identifies M. mantenii as Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare-scrofulaceum complex.

Pathogenesis

 * Can cause cervical lymphadenitis in children.

Mycobacterium mantenii was first described in 2009, after it had been isolated from clinical samples in the Netherlands as well as from a water sample of the Zambezi river in Zambia. The clinical isolates were cultured from two children suffering from cervical lymphadenitis, most likely caused by Mycobacterium mantenii. The remaining two clinical isolates were cultured from respiratory samples in two elderly patients and were unlikely to have any clinical significance. Genetically, Mycobacterium mantenii is most closely related to M. scrofulaceum. Mycobacterium scrofulaceum, too, is mainly a causative agent of lymphadenitis in children and generally of little significance when isolated from respiratory samples. Mycobacterium mantenii was named after Dr. Adriaan Manten, an influential microbiologist in the Netherlands, who described the first cases of disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria in the Netherlands and who performed important research on drug susceptibility of nontuberculous mycobacteria.

Type Strain
Strain DSMz 45255 = CIP 109863 = NLA000401474.
 * First isolated from human lymph node samples, pulmonary secretions and environmental samples.