User:Jx130/sandbox

Bipolar disorder in children with link: Bipolar disorder in children

For this article, I would like to add add more citations and also add more information in the epidemiology section. It appears that in the history section, it includes some information about epidemiology as well. I'll look up some secondary sources on research databases to add some information. In regards to other editors, I'll edit within my individual sandbox, and then upload my edits at the end of the day.

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Drugs in Pregnancy Article

We decided to do extensive edits for this one specific article.

Tasks: Create caffeine section under recreational drugs Review the following other parts of the article in the recreational drugs section: alcohol, cannabis, tobacco, cocaine, opioids, methamphetamine

Doublecheck to see if there's other recreational drugs that I can add, ex. ecstacy

Caffeine Section Caffeine is a widespread drug consumed by adults due to it's behavioral and stimulating effects. A systematic review was conducted on the potential adverse effects of caffeine consumption in healthy populations. Intake of less than 300mg/day of caffeine in pregnant women is not associated with adverse reproductive or developmental effects.

After editing in main article:

Caffeine is a widespread drug consumed by adults due to it's behavioral and stimulating effects. A systematic review was conducted on the potential adverse effects of caffeine consumption in healthy populations. "Healthy" individuals were defined as people who were not hospitalized, or diagnosed with a disease, or receiving medical treatment for a disease at the time of the studies. According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, an acceptable intake of caffeine for pregnant women is less than or equal to 200mg per day. Consumption of caffeine is not associated with adverse reproductive and developmental effects. However, the half life of caffeine is longer in pregnancy (8-16 hours more), which means that caffeine stays in the person longer, increases fetal exposure to caffeine, and is eliminated slower in the body. Other comprehensive reviews reported that caffeine intake of more than 300mg per day have been associated with spontaneous abortions and low birth weight, but further research is needed to establish this causal relationship. Alcohol Section

Cannabis Section"Switched order of sentences." Infants exposed to prenatal cannabis may show signs of increased tremors and altered sleep patterns

There are significant limitations to the current research available, because most studies on cannabis was done in the 1980s Tobacco Section

Cocaine Section"Use of cocaine in pregnant women can lead to cardiovascular complications like hypertension, myocardial infarction and ischemia, renal failure, hepatic rupture, cerebral ischemia, cerebral infarction, and maternal death. Cardiac muscles become mores sensitive to cocaine in pregnancy, in the presence of increasing progesterone concentrations. A systematic review and meta-analysis found that cocaine use leads to increased risk for perinatal outcomes: preterm delivery, low birth weight (<2500 gms) or reduced birth rate, small size and earlier gestational age at delivery."Opioids Section Opioids can cross the placenta and the blood brain barrier in the fetus Methamphetamine Section Methamphetamine are a class of drugs that provide stimulant like effects, including euphoria and alertness. Use of methamphetamine is detrimental to pregnant women and to the fetus. The drug crosses the placenta and affect the fetus during the gestational stage of pregnancy. In a meta analysis, researchers found that methamphetamine use in pregnancy had an association with babies born with earlier gestational age at delivery, lower birth weight, and smaller head circumference.