User:KForsback/sandbox/Ostrobothnian dialects

The Ostrobothnian dialects are a group of related dialects belonging to the peripheral East Norse branch of the North Germanic languages and is spoken in Ostrobothnia, Finland. These dialects are conventionally classified as East Swedish dialects but closer linguistic study shows that they diverge from central East Norse in several aspects, and despite sometimes considerable influence from Swedish they still retain some archaic features. They share some familiarites with Westrobothnian, Jamtish, Dalian, Gutnish, Norwegian, and even Icelandic.

There have been some efforts at documenting and even standardising particular dialects within the Ostrobothnian family, but most lack sufficient material to be formally taught in school, and could be designated as endangered according to the definitions in UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.

Classification
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 * Proto-Indo-European (*steyh₂-)
 * Pre-Proto-Germanic (*stóyh₂nos)
 * Proto-Germanic (*stainaz [ɑi], *meukaz [eu])
 * Proto-Norse (*stainaz [ɑi~ɑ̟i] )
 * Proto-Norse (Gutnish) (*stainaz [ɑi] )
 * Old Norse (Gutnish) (*stainʀ [ɑi])
 * Gutnish (stain [aɪ])
 * Proto-Norse (Eastern) (*stainaz [ɑ̟i])
 * Old Norse (Eastern) (*stainʀ [ɑ̟i])
 * (Central)
 * Old Swedish (stēn [ɛː])
 * Swedish (sten [eː])
 * Geatish
 * Scanian (stén [ʊɪː~ɞɪː])
 * Old Danish (stēn [ɛː])
 * Danish (sten [eː])
 * (Peripheral)
 * Aboland-Nylandian (stein [ɛi])
 * Alandian (blau [ɑu], baut [ɑu])
 * Dalian (stien [ɪe])
 * Jamtish (stein [eɪː])
 * Ostrobothnian
 * Northern (stein [ɛi], röik [œi])
 * Central
 * Southern (stain [ɑ̟j], dauf [ɒ̟w], mjauk [jɒ̟w], rayk [ɒ̟ɥ])
 * Westrobothnian (stain [äɪː~ɑː], stein [eɪː~eː])
 * Proto-Norse (Western) (*stainaz [ɑ̟i])
 * Old Norse (Western) (*stęinʀ [ɛi])
 * (Continental)
 * Old Norwegian (steinn [ɛi])
 * Norwegian (stein [æɪ])
 * (Insular)
 * (Old Norwegian)
 * Old Faroese (steinn [æi])
 * Faroese (steinur [ai])
 * Old Icelandic (steinn [ɛi])
 * Icelandic (steinn [ei])

Vocabulary


 * *awjō [ɑu]
 * *daubaz [ɑu]
 * *daubijaną [ɑu]
 * *deupaz [eu]
 * *diupijaną [iu]
 * *niwjaz [iu]
 * *raukiz [ɑu]
 * *singwaną [i]
 * *sinkwaną [i]
 * *stainaz [ɑi]

Footnotes

Notes
 * 1) allophonic u-mutation (daubaz [ɑu] > [ɑu~ɒu])
 * 2) analogic i-mutation (daubaz [ɑu~ɒu] > [ɑ̟u~ɒ̟u])
 * 3) fronting (*stainʀ [ɑ̟i] > *stęinʀ [ɛi])
 * 4) breaking (*meukaz [eu] > meaukaz [eɑu] > miaukʀ [iɑu])
 * 5) i-stem with k g (*raukiz > *raukijaz)

Classification
East Norse diphthongs, thick l, soft r, peripheral East Norse


 * southern ostrobothnian
 * diphthong [ɑ̟j], [ɒ̟w], [ɒ̟ɥ], [ɘɥ]
 * affricative [tɕ], [dʑ], [cç], [ɟʝ]
 * post-alveolar [ṇ], [ṭ], [ḍ], [ṣ]
 * retroflex [ɽ]
 * central ostrobothnian
 * northern ostrobothnian (grundsprååtsi)
 * diphthong [ɛj], [œw], [œɥ]
 * affricative [ts], [dz]

Endangered status
Intergenerational language transmission probably still transmitted to younger generations, but it is weakening with stronger influence from Swedish, Finland Swedish, and English Absolute number of speakers roughly 17 000 inhabitants of which the number of native speakers is unknown Proportion of speakers existing within the total (global) population 0.3% (306e-3%) of the population of Finland 0.0002% (214e-6%) of the population of the world Language use within existing contexts and domains used within the home used verbally in municipal, corporate, education, etc. "speak natively but read and write Swedish" Response to language use in new domains and media native speakers generally happy to see it used in music, media, news, education, government, etc. can be negatively received by certain speakers of Finland Swedish used to be negatively received by Finnish speakers Availability of materials for language education and literacy no material for education, learning, or literacy several non-standardised writing systems Government and institutional language policies no policies for preserving, protecting, or promoting language no policies for use in education or municipal settings no funding Community attitudes toward their language generally well-received by natives and many that still hold it as a precious gift to hold on to Amount and quality of documentation very little documentation, but generally of good quality due to being done by natives

Opposition
individuals and organisation who have openly expressed hostility and disdain toward our language and toward efforts of keeping it alive

Colloquial
The colloquial writing of the languages tends to be more phonetic with some shared features and but also the particular pronunciation of the speaker.

Vocabulary

 * as, southern branch
 * an, northern branch


 * baul [bɒ̟wɽ]
 * braut [brɒ̟wt]
 * han [hɑn~hɑᵐ~hɑ]
 * til [tel~te]
 * bäul
 * breiver
 * hedeenand
 * tuku
 * tukudeenand
 * breiver [brɛjvɛr]

Texts
Nö lyser solä naa ti skönt nö stöiter jolä snaat i grönt, jämst vega ji'nt så stritto. Å kärro skaaldrar just som förr, å luftä daaldrar såår å nörr åv lärtjo å spilitto.