User:Kaafikoronto

NAME_abdikaafi abshir ibraahim E MAIL_kaafikoronto26@hotmail.com kaafikoronto@yahoo.com kaafikoronto@gmail.com TEL_ +2547133881630

PUNTLAND

Puntland (Somali: Puntlaand, Arabic: أرض البنط‎) is a region in northeastern Somalia, centered on Garowe (Nugaal region), whose leaders declared it an autonomous state in 1998. A third of Somalia's population lives in the province which likewise represents about a third of the nation's geographical area Unlike neighbouring Somaliland, Puntland does not seek outright independence from Somalia The name "Puntland" is derived from the Land of Punt mentioned by ancient Egyptian sources. The exact location of the Land of Punt is still a mystery and is the subject of academic debate and controversy. Some studies suggest that the land of Punt was located in Somaliawhereas others propose that it was located elsewhere TAARIIKH PUNTLAND SOO MARTAY

Puntland considers itself an autonomous region within Somalia. In 1969, when Somalia's government was toppled in a coup d'état, years of war and chaos followed. An unsuccessful invasion of Ethiopia followed the Soviet Union's change of support from Somalia to Ethiopia, caused by the rise of a pro-Soviet government in Ethiopia. Left without Soviet support, Somalia turned to the United States, which allowed Somalia's self-proclaimed president, Siad Barre, to stay in power through the end of the Cold War in 1991. When the Soviet Union collapsed, the Americans withdrew their support of the Somali government, and Barre was overthrown.

Following these events, Somalis remained without a strong government, with constant wars ravaging the southern part of Somalia. These events led in 1991 to the self-declared independence of the Somaliland region in the northwestern part of the country, a declaration which remains internationally unrecognized. Violence continued throughout the country, prompting a United Nations peacekeeping force to be sent to help restore order. However, the relief effort ended on March 3, 1995, almost two years after the Battle of Mogadishu when two American MH-60 Black Hawk helicopters were shot down and 19 soldiers were killed.

Abdullahi Yusuf AhmedSomalia remained unstable, and Puntland declared its autonomy in 1998. Although it was a clan-based separation under the presidency of Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, a former colonel in the Somali army and deputy president of the Somali Salvation Democratic Front, Puntland is a region with clan confederation as one of its top priorities. Since 1998, Puntland has also been in territorial disputes with Somaliland over the Sool and Sanaag regions.

Unlike the secessionist region of Somaliland, Puntland is not trying to obtain international recognition as a separate nation It considers itself a federal division within a united Somalia that is a federal republic. But the two so-called "lands" have one thing in common: they both base their support upon clan elders and their way of organization along lines based on clan relationships and kinship.[5][9]

Presidential residence in Bosaso, Puntland, Somalia.Puntland began experiencing political unrest in 2001 when then President of Puntland Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed wanted his term to be lengthened. Ahmed and Jama Ali Jama fought for control of the region, which Ahmed won in 2002. Ahmed served as president until October 2004 when he was elected President of Somalia. He was succeeded by Muhammad Abdi Hashi who served until January 2005 when he was defeated for re-election by Parliament, which elected General Mohamud Muse Hersi ("Adde"). In December 2004, Puntland sustained serious damage during the tsunami following the 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake.

In November 2006, the Union of Islamic Courts reportedly captured Bandiiradley, a strategically located settlement near Puntland's border with Mudug. However, a spokesman for local warlord Abdi Hassan Awale Qeybdiid claimed that his troops had only made a tactical retreat from the area. Mohamed Mohamud Jama, a Mudug-based spokesman for the Islamic Courts, announced the courts' intention to march on Gaalkacyo, part of which is claimed by Puntland. Heretofore, the courts had avoided making incursions into Puntland That same month, General Adde announced that he would rule according to Islamic law but in a different way from that of the Islamic Courts in order to avoid "politicising religion." Adde then announced that Puntland would resist any attack made by the Islamic Courts.

Tensions between Puntland and Somaliland escalated into violence several times between 2002 and 2009. In October 2004, and again in April and October 2007, armed forces of Somaliland and Puntland clashed near the town of Las Anod, the capital of Sool region. In October 2007, Somaliland troops took control of the town. While celebrating Puntland's 11th birthday on 2 August 2009, Puntland officials vowed to capture Las Anod back. In its essence, the conflict between both 'lands' in northern Somalia is about the future of Somalia. While Somaliland claims independent statehood and therefore 'split up' the 'old' Somalia, Puntland works for the re-establishment of a united but federal Somali state MADAXDA PUNTLAND UGU CAANSAN

1.ABDILAAHI YUUSUF AXMED 2.JAAMAC CAMI JAAMAC 3.MAXAMUUD MUUSE  TAARIIKHDA MADAXWEYNE ABDULAAHI YUUSUF AXMED

Ahmed was born in 1934 in the town of Gaalkacyo situated in the north-central Mudug region of Somalia. He later joined the Somali army, and was among the first cadet officials sent to Italy in 1957, together with Mohamed Farrah Aidid and others. As an army officer, Ahmed participated in the Somali-Ethiopian wars of 1964 and 1977. He was decorated for bravery in both conflicts, but remained a colonel throughout his military career.[1]

In 1978, Ahmed, together with a group of officials mostly from his own Majeerteen (Darod) clan, participated in a failed coup attempt against the regime of then President of Somalia, Mohamed Siad Barre. Yusuf escaped to Kenya, then to Ethiopia where he started a rebel movement called SODAF, which later became the Somali Salvation Democratic Front (SSDF).[citation needed]

Disagreements arose between Yusuf and his Ethiopian hosts when Somalia and Ethiopia signed a pact in 1984 to not support opposing militias who were based in each other's respective countries. For his refusal to obey Ethiopian generals, Yusuf was sent to jail where he remained for five years until his release when the then-ruling Dergue was overthrown in 1991.

Yusuf later became President of the semi-autonomous Puntland macro-region in northern Somalia.

On October 10, 2004, in a session held by the Transitional Federal Parliament (TFP), Yusuf was elected as President of the Transitional Federal Government (TFG). He was sworn in a few ways later on October 14, 2004.

TAARIIKHDA MADAXWEYNE ABDIRAXMAN MAXAMED  Former president, Mohamud Muse Hersi dismissed the parliament of Puntland on 9 December 2007, and effectively ruled by decree.[14] This followed a year of defections and secessions from Puntland over the increasingly autocratic governing style of the president sparked initially by a demand earlier in 2007 for an audit of the budget. Fallout from this political crisis include the defection of Ahmed Abdi Xabsade to Somaliland and the invasion of Sool by Somaliland and his supporters, the secession of Puntland-controlled Sanaag and subsequent creation of the state of Maakhir, and recently the defection of the commander of Puntland military forces in Sool to Somaliland.

The newly elected President of Puntland is Abdirahman Mohamed Mohamud (Farole) also referred to as Abdirahman Mohamud Farole, 63, a former PhD candidate in the history department at La Trobe University in Melbourne, Australia. Farole had left Puntland in 2006 after a falling out with then president Hersi over a deal with the Australian company, Range Resources After having repeatedly turned down requests from his fellow countrymen to run for office and with the assurance of support from various political factions, Farole finally gave in and returned to Somalia to present himself as a candidate in the Puntland region's 2008–2009 presidential elections. In January 2009, he defeated all comers to become the fourth president of Puntland. In his election victory speech, Farole vowed to tackle head-on the pervasive piracy problem off the Somali coast, including cracking down on local authorities who have reportedly corroborated with pirates in return for a share of the profits. In an effort to improve transparency, Abdirahman Mohamed Mohamud (Farole) issued a first-ever "100 Days in Office report In a sign of increasing maturity, the regional parliament in Puntland was able to unanimously pass the 2009 budget after just six days of negotiations