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Increase of plasma triglycerides
The subjects were treated with both a high and low carbohydrate diets, each period for 21 days. They found that the high carbohydrate diet increased plasma triglyceride levels. The trial was shorter they most and can only make a conclusion on the short term effects of these diets. By having a subject try both diets the only variance in the results would be due to the diet and not the individuals’ differences. This study supports that a high carbohydrate diet can not be effective for weight loss.

The satisfaction of a high carbohydrate diet
This study was done on 20 health adults over six weeks; they were randomly assigned a low fat, high protein diet or a high carbohydrate diet. The diets had similar effects on weight loss. However, the high carbohydrate diet was more unsatisfying to the subjects, with two leaving and decreasing an already small test group. This study reveals that a high carbohydrate diet is more difficult to be dedicated to, which in an uncontrolled setting, would make a high carbohydrate diet less effective for weight loss.

Importance of complex carbs
Forty-six subjects with metabolic syndrome were fed either a control diet, a low fat, high complex carbohydrate diet or low fat, simple carbohydrate diet. The LF-CC diet was best for weight loss and decreasing cholesterol. This study focused on the long term effects; it was conducted over 6 months. This study also emphasizes the types of carbs that is best for being successful at this diet. Because the subjects narrow the population that this would most conclusively apply to: overweight people with an abnormal metabolism. This study supports the claim that a HC-LF diet is best for weight loss. The study was funded by European Sugar industries and food provided by companies: Coca-Cola International, Heinz & Co Ltd., Kellogg Co Ltd., and Mars UK Ltd. Support provided by J Sainsbury Plc.

A year long study
This study was conducted on 43 women whose BMI was is the range of obese. The subjects were randomly placed into rapid wight loss group or a conventional diet group. After, the first part of the experiment, the subjects were randomly assigned a high carbohydrate, low fat or a control diet. The high carbohydrate, low fat diet was effective in maintaining an average of 13.2kg of 13.5kg lost, while the initial weight loss did not prove to have any correlation with weight management. This study was the longest conducted at 12 months. However, this data is over 20 years old and is outdated. This supports the claim that a high carbohydrate diet is best for weight loss.

Meta-analysis of low carbohydrate and low fat diets
This is a meta-analysis of trials comparing low fat and low carbohydrate diets. In terms of weight loss, they conclude that the a low carbohydrate diet is more effective. This research was funded by Swissmilk, which is a potential conflict of interest. Dairy products are rich in fat, so research that advises individuals to not limit their fat consumption supports Swissmilk's business.

Making whole grains more affordable
This paper models a progressive tax to fund food subsidies will improve the quality of grains consumed at varied income levels. People of lower economic statuses has the most consumption of grains with the least consumption of fiber. The researchers propose a subsidy for "wholesome" grains. While this subsidy increases the consumption of grains for all income levels, it will be more affordable for low income people to consume whole grains because people of higher incomes will contribute more tax funds.

Low calorie, low carbohydrate diet effective
This was a 3 month trial performed on 135 overweight individuals. All participants were placed on a 1,000 calorie per day diet. They randomly assigned one of the two types of diets to the subjects: a low carbohydrate diet and a high carbohydrate, low fat diet. They concluded that the subjects on the low carbohydrate diet lost more weight. This was particularly noticeable in women under 40 of lower income. This experiment cannot be generalized for a large number of dieters because the daily caloric intake is very low. This trial was supported by Slimming Magazine, whose target audience is women.

A questionable and unreliable study
The purpose of this study was to ascertain if a low carbohydrate diet is effective to treat obesity. They studied 120 overweight individuals over 24 weeks. They randomly place them on a diet of low carbohydrates and nutritional supplements or low fat, low cholesterol and low calorie diet. They found that more weight lost by participants on the low carbohydrate diet. However, it cannot be concluded that it was do to the fact the diet was low in carbohydrates; they manipulate too many variables. Also, supplements were provided by Atkins Nutritionals, Inc., whose founder popularized the low carbohydrate, low fat diet. Atkins Nutritionals continue to promote the Atkins diet.