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Kidney stones
Kidney stones (also called renal calculi, nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis) are hard deposits made of minerals and salts that form inside your kidneys.

Diet, excess body weight, some medical conditions, and certain supplements and medications are among the many causes of kidney stones. Kidney stones can affect any part of your urinary tract — from your kidneys to your bladder. Often, stones form when the urine becomes concentrated, allowing minerals to crystallize and stick together.

Causes
Possible causes include drinking too little water, exercise (too much or too little), obesity, weight loss surgery, or eating food with too much salt or sugar. Infections and family history might be important in some people. Eating too much fructose correlates with increasing risk of developing a kidney stone. Fructose can be found in table sugar and high fructose corn syrup.

Results.
The study was done at. The study population comprised of CT KUB patients. 100 CT SCAN was carried out during our study duration. From the study over a period (1 months) a total number of 100 CT scan were done for finding kidney stones. Of these 40 patients having kidney stones and 36 were having no kidney stones. Among 64 patients 25 (37.3%) were males patients and 39 (58.2%) were female patients which are involved in the study. The most patients having kidney stones are under age of 35 to 50 years of age. Patients with right kidney stones were 44 (65.7 %) and left kidney stones were 29 (43.3%).

Patients with single right kidney stone were 24 (35.8%), single left kidney stones were 15 (22.4%), both kidneys having single stone were 16 (23.9), multiples stones in right kidney were 4 (6.0%), multiples stones in left kidney 3 (4.5 %), and both kidney having multiples stones were 2 (3.0 %).

Patients involved in the study having stone in the right renal pelvis were 25 (37.3% ), stone in the left renal pelvis were 4 (6.0%), right ureter 17 (25.4%), left ureteric stone were 5 (7.5%), right vesicoureteric stone 4 (6.0%), left vesicoureteric stone 1 (1.5% ) and urinary bladder stone 8 (11.9 % ) were found in the participant involved in the study;

Male patients involved in the study were 25 (37.3%), among 25 male patients 20 (80.0%) patients have right kidney stones and 5 (20.0%) patients have left kidney stones. 14 (56.0%) male patients having single right kidney stone, single left kidney stones patients were 6 (24.0%), both kidney having single stone 4 (16.0%), multiples stones in right kidney was 1 (4.0%) of patients. Numbers of female patients were 39 (58.2%). of these 39 female patients 25 (64.1 %) having right kidney stones and 14 (35.8%) were left kidney stone. Female patients with single right kidney stones were 10 (25.6%), single left kidney stone 9 (23.1%), both kidney having single stone were 12 ( 30.8%), multiples stones in right kidney were 3 (7.7%), multiples stones in left kidney 3 (7.7%), both kidney having multiples stones was 2 ( 5.1%). Female patients with stones right renal pelvis 18 (46.2%), left renal pelvis 3 (7.7%), right ureteric stone 7 (17.9%), left ureter 4 (10.3%), stone in the urinary bladder were 4 (10.3%), right VUJ stone 2 (5.1%) and left VUJ stones 1 (2.6%).