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Future tenses
There are three ways of forming the future tense in Latin: (1) -bō, -bis, -bit (1st and 2nd conjugation and eō 'I go'; (2) -am, -ēs, -et (3rd and 4th conjugation); and (3) erō, eris, erit (sum, absum, adsum, possum).

Future perfect endings
In early Latin the future perfect had a short i in the persons -eris, -erimus, -eritis, while the perfect subjunctive had a long i: -erīs, -erīmus, -erītis. But Catullus (and apparently Cicero, judging from the rhythms of his clausulae) pronounced the future perfect with a long i (fēcerīmus). Virgil has a short i for both tenses; Horace uses both forms for both tenses; Ovid uses both forms for the future perfect, but a long i in the perfect subjunctive.

Perfect passive tenses
The perfect tense passive is formed periphrastically using a perfect participle and the verb sum. The participle changes according to gender and number: ducta est 'she was led', ductae sunt '(the women) were led' etc. The perfect tense of deponent verbs (for example profectus sum 'I set out') is formed in the same way.

The order of the participle and auxiliary is sometimes reversed: sunt ductī. When negative there are various possibilities: nōn est ausus, ausus nōn est, nōn ausus est 'he did not dare' all commonly occur.

A perfect participle used as part of the perfect tense passive should be distinguished from one which is merely an adjective, as in the following sentence:
 * Gallia est omnis dīvīsa in partīs trīs (Caesar)
 * 'Gaul, seen as a whole, is divided into three parts'

Here the meaning of est dīvīsa is not 'was divided' or 'has been divided' but the participle is simply descriptive.

Perfects made with fuī and habuī
Perfect tenses can also be formed occasionally using fuī instead of sum, for example oblītus fuī 'I forgot', and habuī e.g. ductum habuī 'I have led'. For the meaning of these see below.

Shortened endings
The 2nd person singular passive endings are often shortened by changing -is to -e, e.g. dūcēbāre for dūcēbāris 'you were being led'.

The 3rd person plural perfect indicative can also be shortened: dūxēre for dūxērunt 'they led'. The shortened form of the perfect is common in poetry, but is also sometimes found in prose.

Latin has six main tenses in the indicative mood, and four in the subjunctive mood. These are illustrated below using a 1st conjugation verb, amō 'I love', a 2nd conjugation verb moneō 'I advise', a 3rd conjugation verb, dūcō 'I lead', and a 4th conjugation verb, audiō 'I hear'.

Also shown on the table are the tenses of the common irregular verbs sum 'I am', possum 'I am able', volō 'I want' and eō 'I go'.