User:Kannalil/sandbox

LEADERSHIP ATTRIBUTES
An effective leadership does not have strict definite guidelines. Everyone can have different leadership styles, each of them being equally effective depending upon circumstance and requirements. No leadership style is better than the other and all of them can be used based on situational demand. A good leader is one who knows all the leadership styles and when to use them and can change their approach from one to another (Gandolfi and Stone, 2018, p. 263). Since time eternity, many leadership styles have emerged to motivate people, implement plans and provide the right direction. Leadership styles have always been changing to improve the way in which these leaders can help the organisation grow by helping their direct reportees. These leadership styles adopted by a leader are more likely to change over time. Though some are rarely effective leadership styles and others are generally effective, each of them has its own place. But before discussing the different types of leadership styles with its advantages and disadvantages, let’s first discuss the different leadership attributes that make up an effective leader. Leaders give direction and shape to organizations, communities and even a nation. A good leader helps in making right decisions and guide large scale required needs to keep the world in a continuum. It is usually easy in society to identify a bad leader, but the identification of a good leader is a difficult task (Fiaz et al. 2017, p. 153). There are some attributes that a leader must possess to be effective. Some of those important leadership skills have been briefly explained below.

COMMUNICATION
Effective communication and effective leadership go hand in hand. One is never complete or effective without another. Communication can be carried out in a variety of ways to coach people and transmit information. An effective leader must be able to communicate across social identity and roles with different range of people.

INTEGRITY
The significance of integrity is obvious in an organisation who is taking innumerable important decisions to drive the company through its course at top managerial or executive posts.

EMPATHY
It is an important part of effective leadership and emotional intelligence and can always be correlated with the degree of performance (Khajeh, 2018, p. 9). A leader who shows empathy towards its direct reports is more likely to be viewed as a good performer. It can make a leader more effective and also improve the work of people around additionally. It is a quality which can be learned and inculcated gradually over time.

DELEGATION ABILITY
One of the main responsibilities of a leader is to delegate its employees. But effective delegation can be difficult at times. It enables the direct reports to make better decisions, facilitate teamwork, help them grow and provide autonomy to them. It is important to build trust within the team to delegate well.

INFLUENCE
Though this term can be misunderstood when taken out of context, it is significant to convince people through emotional, logical and cooperative appeals which are an important component of being an effective, inspiring leader.

SELF-AWARENESS
It is an attribute of extreme importance in an effective leader though being a skill which is inwardly focused (Huertas et al. 2019, p. 410). The more effective a leader can be, the more he understands himself and knows how others see them as.

RESPECT
The least an effective leader can do is to respect its employees and other people on a daily basis. This can help in easing conflicts and tension, increase effectiveness and develop trust. It is not just the absence of disrespect but the extra effort taken to make others feel respected.

GRATITUDE
Thanking a person does not take away anything from anyone, but it actually makes a leader better. It can help the employees in decreasing the chances of depression, anxiety, increased self-esteem and can even lead to improved sleep patterns. Employees are more likely to work hard for leaders who are appreciative and say thank you at work on a regular basis.

COURAGE
Providing feedback to an employee, suggesting new creative ideas or a concern for a senior can be difficult at times if a leader does not speak up at work (Fahlevi et al. 2019, p. 2439). That is why courage becomes an important attribute in an effective leader. A leader should not let disputes and conflicts to rise by avoiding problems.

LEARNING ABILITY
It is the ability of an effective leader to know what to do in unfavorable circumstances. It can be learned through effort, practice and experience.

LEADERSHIP STYLES
With these leadership attributes, an effective leader can adopt any of the following leadership styles depending upon what is the need of the moment.

TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP
This leadership style strives upon improving and transforming the various conventions of companies. The specific goals and tasks that an employee has are always pushed upon by transformational leaders outside of their comfort zones on a regular basis (Gandolfi and Stone, 2017, p. 18). In this style, before starting a job, all employees get deadlines assigned with their tasks which can have their difficulties paced overtime slowly to make the work more challenging. Among organizations that are growth-minded, this style of leadership is encouraged highly since it makes the employees understand their true potential and what they are capable of by motivating the employees.

Advantages

 * The employees are often experienced to have high morale
 * In organizations, it often leads to a low turnover rate among employees
 * The approach is not coercive
 * Corporate vision and relationship are given high value which can help the companies get higher profits on their product or service.
 * Inspiration and motivation are used to gain employees support.

Disadvantages

 * Consistent feedback and motivation are required.
 * Can sometimes lead to deviation from regulations and protocols
 * Employees can get deceived by leaders.
 * Without the employee’s agreement, the tasks cannot be pushed.

AUTHORITATIVE LEADERSHIP
This leadership style can be defined as a follow me or visionary style of leadership. It is the style of confident leaders who set expectations and also shows the way to achieve it (Sousa and Rocha, 2019, p. 362). They lead by examples while energizing followers and engaging them along with the task. These leaders clear roadblock in the way in times of uncertainties to help them see what is going around the companies and what can happen if they achieve their goals while going there. Authoritative leaders, unlike autocratic leaders, give their employees time for explaining their thinking and not just push their orders through (Raziq et al. 2018, p. 47). And above all, they allow their employees to make their own decisions and make choices while also showing the path on how to achieve their common goals.

Advantages

 * Multiple commands are emphasized clearly which leads to the effective completion of tasks in hand
 * This style can create results that are consistent
 * Reduction in mistakes due to plan implementation is achieved in this style of leadership which can benefit organizations in a huge manner
 * It can help an organisation in bringing about a reduction in the time spent to take important decisions

Disadvantages

 * It reduces synergy and group collaboration
 * The rate of employee turnover gets increased in this style of authoritarian leadership
 * Can sometimes lead to rebellion from employees due to strict policies of a leader or a company belonging to this style of authoritarian leadership
 * Can sometimes kill the innovation and creativity of an employee
 * The input of a group is dramatically reduced

TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP
This leadership style is very common in today's times. It is based on the reward system for works that an employee does, thus named transactional leadership. The employees of an organisation are generally rewarded for their work (Cummings et al. 2018, p. 20). The scheduling of bonus by the marketing team on achieving a given lead is a common type of this leadership. In these jobs, under the leadership of transactional leaders, the employees are likely to get a plan for incentive as soon as they join. To motivate them to become an expert in their assigned duties regularly like in the field of marketing in which an employee can get a bonus on sending a certain number of marketing emails (Choi et al. 2017, p. 384). Unlike transformational leaders who only give a bonus if those marketing emails generate a large number of subscriptions. These leaders in an organisation helps establish responsibilities and definite roles for each of the employees while also encouraging minimum work by understanding the worth of all the efforts and time put in by the employees. To motivate employees, it can also use incentive programs on a consistent basis based on the goals of the company additionally apart from regular appreciation through unplanned gestures.

Advantages

 * It can help the company by increasing the productivity and motivation of employees.
 * The system of reward can be chosen by employees who pose an advantage to them
 * Measurable, time-bound and specific can be created by leaders who are generally achievable by employees
 * This system can be easily followed by employees and implemented by leaders
 * It can help the organisation in minimizing or eliminating any confusion present in the command chain

Disadvantages

 * More followers are created in this leadership style than other capable leaders
 * Creativity and innovation is to its minimum
 * There is no value for empathy