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= Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris =

Origins
Leuconostoc is a bacteria cell found in association with plant matter for fermenting foods like sauerkraut, milk, dairy products (yogurt), wines and meats. Leuconostoc cremoris is one of the most essential microbes that allow us to digest particular dairy products, as it is an important dairy starter organism. It’s known to contribute to the look and aroma formation in Gouda cheeses. Leuconostoc cremoris has the ability to degrade citrate through heterofermentative metabolism . In 1878, Leuconostoc was first isolated where it was determined that it needs rich, complex media to grow substantially on agar, considering that it’s a microflora bacteria, a bacteria that likes to grow at in it’s desired environment. Therefore, it requires nicotinic acid, thiamin, biotin, and pantothenic acid that can maintain the life cycle of the bacteria cell for conservation and it’s used in dietary goods that are often storable.

Gram Stain and Chemical Compound Information
This microbe is a Gram-positive chemoorganoheterotrophic organism Chemoorganoheterotrophs are decomposers which obtain carbon and electron reactions from dead organic matter. This means that they are organisms that can oxidize the chemical bonds in organic compounds as their energy source and can attain the carbon molecules that they need for a cellular function from these organic compounds like water and oxygen.

Size and Shape
Since the morphology of the cell is lentil bean shaped lenticular coccoid cells in pairs and chains, they are not motile. With this in mind, some scientists suggest that plant streptococci may be the ancestral pool from which other species and strains developed.

Leuconostoc cremoris contains a chromosome within the size range of 1.8 to 3.4 Mbp and could contain 115 genetic loci. It was later determined through DNA sequencing of other lactic acid microbes have helped identify the Leuconostoc cremoris microbe. Ultimately, it began to be viewed as the supporting division for the genus Leuconostoc. The plasmid-encoded citrate permease in Leuconostoc cremoris was found to be identical in Lactococcus lactis.