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Hubert Horatio Humphrey Jr. (May 27, 1911 – January 13, 1978) was an American politician and statesman who served as the 38th vice president of the United States from 1965 to 1969. A member of the Democratic Party, he twice represented Minnesota in the United States Senate from 1949 to 1964 and again from 1971 until his death. He was nominated by the Democratic Party in the 1968 presidential election, which he lost to Republican nominee Richard Nixon.

Born in Wallace, South Dakota, Humphrey attended the University of Minnesota. In 1943, he became a professor of political science at Macalester College and ran a failed campaign for mayor of Minneapolis. He helped found the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) in 1944. A year later, he was elected mayor of Minneapolis, serving until 1948 and co-founding the liberal anti-communist group Americans for Democratic Action in 1947. In 1948, he successfully advocated for the inclusion of a proposal to end racial segregation in the 1948 Democratic National Convention's party platform and was elected to the U.S. Senate.

Humphrey served three terms in the Senate from 1949 to 1964, and was the Senate Majority Whip for the last four years of his tenure. As senator, he was the lead author of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, introduced the first initiative to create the Peace Corps, and chaired the Select Committee on Disarmament. He unsuccessfully sought the Democratic presidential nomination in 1952 and 1960. Following Lyndon B. Johnson's rise to the presidency, he chose Humphrey as his running mate and the ticket won a landslide victory in the 1964 presidential election.