User:Keng130/Cirsium lecontei

Cirsium lecontei (often called the Le Conte's thistle) is a species of thistle that is part of the Asteraceae family. Cirsium lecontei is a forb/herb of the genus Cirsium. A forb/herb is a non-woody plant that is not a grass. It’s duration is perennial, which means it will grow year after year. It sometimes appears biennial. They flower spring to summer (May-Aug).

Description
They grow to be 35-110 cm and have taproots, sometimes with root sprouts. The plant has spines or sharp edges and should be handled with extreme caution. When they bloom, they are usually pale pink or pink in color. Full sun exposure is needed in order for growth to take place. Le Conte's Thistle has a National Wetland Indicator Status of FACW-usually occurs in wetlands. The stems are loosely arachnoid and stiffly ascending. Leaves have blades that are linear to oblong or narrowly elliptic, lobes undivided or coarsely few toothed, loosely arachnoid when young, abaxial and adaxial faces glabrous; basal sometimes absent at flowering, petiolate. Heads born singly or less common in open corymbiform arrays. Penduncles are 5-30 cm elevated above cauline leaves. Cypselae is light brown in color, 5-5.75mm.[boof ref] Plants are often unbranched or sparingly branched, with single terminal flower heads that are above the foliage(plant leaves). Stem and lower leaf surfaces have cob webby hairs. With age, the plant starts loosing the hairs and becoming glabrous(hairless,smooth). Mid-stem leaves are approximately 15 cm long, pinnately lobed, and the leaves gradually reduced in size up the stem. Corollas are pinkish-purple with feather-like pappus bristles (modified sepals).

Distribution
Cirsium lecontei or Le Conte's thistle's floral region is native in North America. They occur on the sandy pinelands of southern coastal plain in damp soil(where co-occurring species include Myrica, Cyrilla, and Ilex)[BOOF REF], specifically in the states of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina and South Carolina. They are also found in grassy (often moist to wet) pine savannahs and pine barrens, bogs (where co-occurring species include pitcher plants, Ilex, sedges, grasses, and sphagnum), and roadside ditches.

Threats
Cirsium lecontei occurs mostly in North Carolina but even there it appears to be rare. It's presence is also rare from South Carolina south to Florida and west to Louisiana. Thus, populations tend to be very small and can be as small as one individual. The probable cause decreasing presence of these species are conversion of habitat to pine plantation which may include site prep activities such as bedding and herbicides),inappropriate fire timing, and commercial and residential development.

Hypotheses
R.J.Moore and C. Frankton(1969) suggested that it originated as a product of ancient hybridizaton between the ancestors of C. horridulum and C. nuttallii. They also suggested a relationship between C. lecontei and C. grahamii of Arizona and hypothesized an ancient dispersal from the southeastern coastal plain to western cordillera.