User:Khushi WWH/sandbox

Introduction
Vienna, situated on the Danube River in the eastern part of Austria, developed from early Celtic and Roman settlements into a medieval and Baroque city, eventually becoming the capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It played an essential role as the leading European music centre, hosting major personalities in the development of music from the 16th to the 20th centuries, particularly Viennese Classicism and Romanticism, consolidating Vienna’s reputation as the ‘musical capital’ of Europe. Vienna is also rich in architectural ensembles, particularly Baroque mansions and gardens as well as the late 19th-century Ringstrasse ensemble lined with grand buildings, monuments, and parks.

The property includes of the mediaeval city centre (built on the foundation of the Roman colony), the major Baroque ensembles with their axial designs, and the Gründerzeit buildings from the early modern era.

History of the site
The settlement in this area grew beyond the Roman defences, which were destroyed, towards the start of the 12th century. The mediaeval town's walls, which encircled a considerably greater area, were restored and strengthened with bastions during the Ottoman Wars in the 16th and 17th centuries. Up until the mediaeval walls were torn down in the latter part of the 19th century, this remained Vienna's central area. The Schottenkloster, the oldest monastery in Austria, the churches of Maria am Gestade, Michaelerkirche, Minoritenkirche, and Minoritenkloster from the 13th century, as well as St. Stephen's Cathedral from the 14th and 15th centuries are among the historic constructions found in the inner city. Vienna assumed control of the Habsburg Empire in 1683 and quickly grew into a stunning metropolis of the Baroque period. The huge palace designs, like the Belvedere Palace and garden ensemble, were particularly good examples of how the Baroque style was portrayed. Noble families constructed an increasing number of new palaces, several mediaeval structures like churches and convents had renovations and received Baroque characteristics, and important government buildings underwent additions. Today, a number of iconic Vienna structures are linked to the homes of significant figures like Mozart, Beethoven, and Schubert, who lived there while the city was an important hub for music in Europe.

When the Habsburg Empire was established in 1683, Vienna quickly expanded and became into a stunning metropolis of the Baroque period. Particularly in grand palace designs like the Belvedere Palace and garden ensemble, the Baroque style was evident. Noble families began to construct an increasing number of new palaces, while also altering and adding Baroque aspects to several mediaeval structures, including cathedrals, convents, and administrative buildings. When Vienna played a crucial role as a major European music hub, many iconic Viennese buildings are now linked to the homes of significant figures like Mozart, Beethoven, and Schubert.

Architectural History of Viena
Many Josephinian innovations in politics and social affairs were terminated or even reversed during the last decade of the eighteenth century after Joseph II's death and the advent of Klemens Metternich's police state in the early nineteenth century. Many people in Galicia and throughout the empire have believed that the complex daily operations of provincial and municipal governments followed the change in and completely complied with the political climate then in effect at the Viennese Court. They consequently anticipated that the Crown Land administration's architectural and planning endeavours would be characterised by a break with the earlier Josephinian projects throughout the early decades of the nineteenth century, and notably after 1815.

They consequently anticipated that the Crown Land administration's architectural and planning endeavours would be characterised by a break with the earlier Josephinian projects throughout the early decades of the nineteenth century, and notably after 1815. Although such a viewpoint might appear rational in light of the extensive control Metternich's police apparatus exercised over a wide range of society, it contrasts sharply with the early, steady architectural and planning success in Lemberg. for the whole tuneteenth century, uninterrupted and constant Even in the stormy year of 1809, when Lemberg was briefly taken over by Polish forces from the Duchy of Warsaw by the Russian army and afterwards taken again by Austrian forces, the authorities continuously and senously monitored the situation.

World Heritage site in Danger
The World Heritage Committee has inscribed the Historic Centre of Vienna on the List of World Heritage in Danger due to high-rise projects in the middle of the Austrian capital.