User:Kiddga0/sandbox

Article Evaluation of "Art History":
Is everything in the article relevant to the article topic? Is there anything that distracted you? Yes, everything in the article is relevant.

Is any information out of date? Is anything missing that could be added? The information is up to date, but there could be a lot of information added like the categories of art history and different topics and maybe the art historical approaches.

What else could be improved? It could be more specific and maybe have a timeline.

Is the article neutral? Are there any claims that appear heavily biased toward a particular position? The article is very neutral. There are no biases. They talk about how art history is not only western. They could include Middle Eastern art history,etc.

Are there viewpoints that are overrepresented, or underrepresented? Other areas of art history like middle eastern could be represented.

Check a few citations. Do the links work? Does the source support the claims in the article? yes there are links that work.

Is each fact referenced with an appropriate, reliable reference? Where does the information come from? Are these neutral sources? If biased, is that bias noted? Yes.

What kinds of conversations, if any, are going on behind the scenes about how to represent this topic? There are no conversations. How is the article rated? Is it a part of any WikiProjects? It does not say. How does the way Wikipedia discusses this topic differ from the way we've talked about it in class? It is too simple.

Buddhist Temples

 * Is the article's content relevant to the topic? Are some areas under- or over-developed?
 * Yes, it is relevant to the topic. Some areas are too broad.
 * Is it written neutrally?
 * Yes.
 * Does each claim have a citation? Are the citations reliable?
 * Yes, some could be better.

Research for Buddhist Temples
COVELL, STEPHEN G. Japanese Temple Buddhism: Worldliness in a Religion of Renunciation. University of Hawai'i Press, 2005. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt6wr21b.

Salguero, C. Pierce. Buddhism and Medicine: An Anthology of Premodern Sources. NEW YORK: Columbia University Press, 2017. doi:10.7312/salg17994.

Fowler, Sherry. Murōji: rearranging art and history at a Japanese Buddhist temple. University of Hawai ‘i Press, 2005.

Rosenfield, John M. Portraits of Chōgen: The Transformation of Buddhist Art in Early Medieval Japan. Brill, 2010.

McCallum, Donald Fredrick. The four great temples: Buddhist archaeology, architecture, and icons of seventh-century Japan. University of Hawaii Press, 2009.

http://encore.sewanee.edu/iii/encore/record/C__Rb3056865?lang=eng

Coaldrake, William Howard. Architecture and Authority in Japan. Vol. Taylor & Francis e-Library ed. The Nissan Institute/Routledge Japanese Studies Series. London: Routledge, 2002. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=sso&db=nlebk&AN=68887&site=ehost-live&custid=s9007859.

Paine, Robert Treat, and Alexander Coburn Soper. The art and architecture of Japan. Vol. 8. Yale University Press, 1981.

Peer Review Edit for Todai-ji
PEER REVIEW- TODAI-JI


 * Introduction
 * This is really clear and broad - good
 * History
 * This section is clear and good but I think some more info should be added to give a little bit more information about how it developed
 * Role in Early Japanese Buddhism
 * Maybe talk more about the Shuni-e ceremony?
 * Very clear
 * Decline
 * Maybe include more of why it declined?
 * Architecture -Initial Construction
 * Very clear and detailed - good
 * Reconstructions post Nara
 * Clear and good
 * Very informational
 * Temple Precincts and Gardens
 * Useful information

Overall the page looks like it’s really coming along with a lot of useful information and the sources seem valid!

Review (Article Evaluation)/Changes to Buddhist Temple Article:
Geneva Kidd

Buddhist Temples in Japan

●     The beginning of the article should start out broader and be more introductory while incorporating broadly what a temple is and what role they play in Japan instead of describing the language aspect immediately. The beginning paragraph has some parts which are worded awkwardly such as: “Such famous temples as Kiyomizu-dera,Enryaku-ji, and Kōtoku-in illustrate this naming pattern.” Instead, I would say The temples.. are temples which use the described naming pattern.

●      Buddhist and Shinto Structures

○      There needs to be a little more clarification of what/ why Buddhist and Shinto structures coexist

■     “Instead, many visit Buddhist temples as well as pray for luck and happiness at Shinto shrines. It is believed that before Buddhism was introduced in Japan, however, Shinto was born from an existing primitive form of religion that worshipped nature.”

●     Source: https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2013/05/16/arts/seeing-where-shinto-and-buddhism-cross/#.XJq6ti2ZMn0

■     “Shintoism at the time of its initial encounter with Buddhist thought had evolved neither a cosmic nor a moral order to explain or to harmonize the mysteries of the universe”

●      Source: The Art and Architecture of Japan Paine and Soper

○      There also needs to be clarification between a temple and a shrine

■      Temples are Buddhist and Shrines are Shinto

○      This section does a good job at describing the architectural aspects of the temples and shrines

○      “but they consisted either of demarcated land areas without any building or of temporary shrines”

■      This should say permanent?

○      This section explains each structure well and gives many clear examples

○      There could be a sentence added that is straightforward about the difference and similarities between the two to summarize the points

○      Add in - there are four great temples of seventh century Japan: Asukadera, Kudara Odera, Kawaradera, Yakushiji

■      Most important architectural projects

●      Maybe add in some information about one of the great four temples?

○      Source: The Four Great Temples McCallum

○      Add in - Mt. Muro Temple and Shrine

■      Muroji is a temple complex found below the mountain Mt. Muro

■      The area behind the temple is sacred and is off limits to pilgrims and visitors

■      The caves of Mt. Muro are especially sacred and precious features of its landscape

■      Dragon Cave

●      The Dragon King resides here protecting the country

●      Natural elements are sacred aspects of Buddhist temples

○      Source: Muroji Rearranging Art and History at a Japanese Buddhist Temple Fowler

●      Architecture

○      General Features

■      “Its history is as a consequence dominated by Chinese and other Asian techniques and styles (present even in Ise Shrine, held to be the quintessence of Japanese architecture)”

●      Is this true about Ise?

■      This section does a great job at describing the architectural elements of what makes up a Buddhist temple

■      There could be an added section about what religious purpose these elements had- for example: The post and lintel structure embodies the Axis Mundi of the aniconic form of the Buddha which is typically represented in Pagodas and Indian Stupas

○      History

■      This section does a great job at laying out and describing the four main styles of Buddhist temple architecture

■      Add in - where is originates ? China?

●      Described more in the next subsection of Layout and Geomantic Positioning

●      King of Peche - South west of Korea

○      Source: Art and Architecture Paine and Soper

■      Add in- Buddhist Architecture of Asuka and Nara Periods

●      “When the period of wholesale borrowing began under Prince Shotoku, the practice of Buddhist worship on the continent was linked to a specific architectural standard. It is one of the striking facts of Chinese history that that standard, serving an indian religion, was almost completely chinese.”

○      Source: Art and Architecture Paine and Soper

●      Unique variation/ plan at Horuji

○      Courtyard

○      Kaminodo

○      South Gate

○      Shoryoin

○      Refectory Complex

○      East Gate

○      Yumedono Complex

○      Edono and Shariden

○      Dempodo

■      Two chief elements stand beside each other not on an axis→ unusual

○      Source:

○      Art and Architecture Paine and Soper

■      Add in- Buddhist Architecture of the Heian Period

●      Heian period reemergence of national tastes

●      Hojoji represents paradise/ the pure land

●      Last formal temple was Motsuji

○      Source: The Art and Architecture of Japan Paine and Soper

■      Add in- Introduction of Buddhism

●      Asuka Period 552-645

●      Early Nara Period 645-710

●      “The ultimate victory of Buddhism in Japan was to be so important culturally and the church was to be the patron of the arts for so long a period that its doctrinal aspects must be examined in order to present the religious ideas which all but buried the earlier Shinto beliefs”

○      Source: Art and Architecture of Japan Paine and Soper

●      Layout and Geomantic Positioning

○      “In addition to geomantic considerations, Buddhist temples, like any other religious structures, need to be organized in order to best serve their various purposes. The most important space in any Buddhist temple complex is the sacred space where images of Buddhas and bodhisattvas are kept, and where important rituals are performed. These areas are always separated from those accessible to the lay worshipers, though the distance between the two and the manner of their separation is quite varied. In many temples, there is little more than a wooden railing dividing the sacred space with that of the laypeople, but in many others there is a significant distance, perhaps a graveled courtyard, between the two.Another structure or space of great importance accommodates the physical day-to-day needs of the clergy. Spaces for eating, sleeping and studying are essential, particularly in those temples that serve as monasteries.”

■      Shouldn’t these paragraphs have a citation?

○      This section does a good job explaining the layout and reason for the layout, although it could be organized a little bit more clearly

●      Common Temple Features

○      This section is helpful because it goes into more detail of the relationship between the Japanese language and specific features found in the temples

●      Temple Names

○      This section is also helpful and a continuation of the relationship between the Japanese language and specific reason for names of temples

●      There is also a gallery of images of Buddhist temples which is a nice reference