User:KingdomofAnimalia/Pacific wren/Bibliography

You will be compiling your bibliography and creating an outline of the changes you will make in this sandbox.

Outline of proposed changes
Adding to the “Breeding” subcategory of the “Ecology” paragraph.

-The effects of urbanization on Wren breeding. The pacific wren was observed to NOT return to their previous mating locations within the changing urban landscape. The Pacific Wren’s ability to adapt locationally is what allows its continued survival. (Cite “Breeding Dispersal…”)

-On the other hand, in comparison with Bewick’s wren the Pacific Wren has diminished greatly in numbers in urban areas. The Bewick’s Wren, otherwise known as Thryomanes bewickii, has been observed to interact aggressively with the Pacific Wren. Although the exact reasons for Bewick’s success vs. Wren’s diminishing numbers in urban areas,  observations are in favor of the hypothesis that urban landscapes foster aggressive and combative interactions between native species. (Cite: “A new bully on the block…”)

-Song adaptations of male Pacific Wren’s to attract mates. Male Pacific Wren’s use songs to attract mates and as territorial displays. It was observed that Male Pacific Wren’s change the length of their songs in adaptation to the louder ambient noise of the highway traffic. No other changes, including song type, variation, and longer individual syllables could be concluded. (Cite: “Singing seaside……”)

-Reproduction decline observed in higher altitudes. In the forests of British Columbia at higher altitudes, there is a decline in breeding observed compared with lower altitudes of habitation of the Pacific Wren. The length of breeding season and survival rates of nests were shorter. However, other factors such as incubation length and the total eggs in each nesting attempt showed no variation due to elevation. (Cite “Mating and Breeding…”)