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Beautiful Neapl

This article is about tbeautiful nepalhe country. For other uses, see Nepal (disambiguation). Nepal (English: /nɪˈpɔːl/;[14] Nepali: नेपाल [nepal]), officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal (Nepali: सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल), is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mainly situated in the Himalayas, but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north, and India in the south, east, and west, while it is narrowly separated from Bangladesh by the Siliguri Corridor, and from Bhutan by the Indian state of Sikkim. Nepal has a diverse geography, including fertile plains, subalpine forested hills, and eight of the world's ten tallest mountains, including Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth. Kathmandu is the nation's capital and the largest city. Nepal is a multi-ethnic, multi-lingual, multi-religious and multi-cultural state, with Nepali as the official language.

Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल (Nepali) Saṅghīya Lokatāntrika Gaṇatantra Nepāla Two united crimson pennants with blue borders, top one containing a stylised symbol for the moon and the bottom one, the sun. Flag In the background, blue-white snowy himalayas, green forested hills and yellowish fertile plains from top to bottom; in the foreground, two male and female hands joined and a plain white map of Nepal, supported by a wreath of red rhododendrons, seven on each side, with the flag of Nepal at the crest, and at the bottom, the motto of Nepal in Devanagari script Emblem Motto: जननी जन्मभूमिश्च स्वर्गादपि गरीयसी (Sanskrit) Janani Janmabhumishcha Swargadapi Gariyasi "Mother and Motherland are Greater Than Heaven" Anthem: सयौँ थुँगा फूलका (Nepali) Sayaun Thunga Phulka "Made of Hundreds of Flowers" 1:10 Nepal (orthographic projection).svg Nepal on the globe Map of Nepal Show all Land controlled by Nepal shown in dark green; land claimed but uncontrolled shown in light green. Capital and largest city Kathmandu[1] 28°10′N 84°15′E Official languages Nepali[2] Recognised national languages All mother-tongues[3][4] (see Languages of Nepal) Ethnic groups (2011)[5] 31.25% Khas Arya 16.6% Chhetri 12.2% Bahun 1.6% Thakuri 0.86% Sanyasi 7.1% Magar 6.6% Tharu 5.8% Tamang 5% Newar 4.4% Musalman 4% Yadav 2.3% Rai 2% Gurung 1.5% Limbu 19.47% Others Religion (2011)[5] 81.3% Hinduism 9.0% Buddhism 4.4% Islam 3.1% Kirant 1.4% Christianity 0.5% Prakriti 0.3% Others Demonym(s) NepaliNepalese Government Federal parliamentary republic • President Ram Chandra Poudel • Vice President Ram Sahaya Yadav • Prime Minister Pushpa Kamal Dahal • Chief Justice Hari Krishna Karki[6] Legislature Federal Parliament • Upper house National Assembly • Lower house House of Representatives Independence • Unification 25 September 1768; 254 years ago[7] • Treaty of Sugauli[8] 4 March 1816; 207 years ago • Nepal–Britain Treaty of 1923[9] 21 December 1923; 99 years ago • Federal Republic 28 May 2008; 14 years ago • Current constitution 20 September 2015; 7 years ago Area • Total 147,516 km2 (56,956 sq mi) (93rd) • Water (%) 2.8% Population • 2022 estimate 30,666,598[10] (49th) • Density 180/km2 (466.2/sq mi) GDP (PPP) 2022 estimate • Total Increase $141.1 billion[11] (84th) • Per capita Increase $4,677[11] (150th) GDP (nominal) 2022 estimate • Total Increase $39 billion (102nd) • Per capita Increase $1,293[11] (167th) Gini (2010) 32.8[12] medium HDI (2019) Increase 0.602[13] medium · 142nd Currency Nepalese rupee (Rs, रू) (NPR) Time zone UTC+05:45 (Nepal Standard Time) Date format YYYY/MM/DD Driving side left Calling code +977 ISO 3166 code NP Internet TLD .np

Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल (Nepali) Saṅghīya Lokatāntrika Gaṇatantra Nepāla Two united crimson pennants with blue borders, top one containing a stylised symbol for the moon and the bottom one, the sun. Flag In the background, blue-white snowy himalayas, green forested hills and yellowish fertile plains from top to bottom; in the foreground, two male and female hands joined and a plain white map of Nepal, supported by a wreath of red rhododendrons, seven on each side, with the flag of Nepal at the crest, and at the bottom, the motto of Nepal in Devanagari script Emblem Motto: जननी जन्मभूमिश्च स्वर्गादपि गरीयसी (Sanskrit) Janani Janmabhumishcha Swargadapi Gariyasi "Mother and Motherland are Greater Than Heaven" Anthem: सयौँ थुँगा फूलका (Nepali) Sayaun Thunga Phulka "Made of Hundreds of Flowers" 1:10 Nepal (orthographic projection).svg Nepal on the globe Map of Nepal Show all Land controlled by Nepal shown in dark green; land claimed but uncontrolled shown in light green. The name "Nepal" is first recorded in texts from the Vedic period of the Indian subcontinent, the era in ancient Nepal when Hinduism was founded, the predominant religion of the country. In the middle of the first millennium BC, Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, was born in Lumbini in southern Nepal. Parts of northern Nepal were intertwined with the culture of Tibet. The centrally located Kathmandu Valley is intertwined with the culture of Indo-Aryans, and was the seat of the prosperous Newar confederacy known as Nepal Mandala. The Himalayan branch of the ancient Silk Road was dominated by the valley's traders. The cosmopolitan region developed distinct traditional art and architecture. By the 18th century, the Gorkha Kingdom achieved the unification of Nepal. The Shah dynasty established the Kingdom of Nepal and later formed an alliance with the British Empire, under its Rana dynasty of premiers. The country was never colonised but served as a buffer state between Imperial China and British India. Parliamentary democracy was introduced in 1951 but was twice suspended by Nepalese monarchs, in 1960 and 2005. The Nepalese Civil War in the 1990s and early 2000s resulted in the establishment of a secular republic in 2008, ending the world's last Hindu monarchy.

The Constitution of Nepal, adopted in 2015, affirms the country as a secular federal parliamentary republic divided into seven provinces. Nepal was admitted to the United Nations in 1955, and friendship treaties were signed with India in 1950 and China in 1960. Nepal hosts the permanent secretariat of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), of which it is a founding member. Nepal is also a member of the Non-Aligned Movement and the Bay of Bengal Initiative. The Nepalese Armed Forces are the fifth-largest in South Asia; and are notable for their Gurkha history, particularly during the world wars, and has been a significant contributor to United Nations peacekeeping