User:Klc2019/Climate change in the Caribbean

Sierra Webb.

Climate Change.

-Climate change is the change or regional climate patterns changes happening in the earth. With this being said, humans have increased the levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide by producing too much greenhouse gases by the production of burning fossil fuels.

-As stated in the article climate change can have negative affects towards the islands of the Caribbean.

-These problems that will or have occurred already is the increase in sea level, stronger and more dangerous weather events such as hurricanes, longer dry seasons along with shorter wet seasons.

-As stated in the article, climate change is also predicted to make changes within economies, populations, and environments all over the world.

Articles:

1) https://www.jstor.org/stable/41917607?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents

-CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE CARIBBEAN: REVIEW AND RESPONSE

-Michael A. Taylor, Tannecia S. Stephenson, A. Anthony Chen and Kimberly A. Stephenson

-Journal Article-Caribbean Studies

-July-December 2012

--This journal article strictly explains how climate change affects the every day residents of the islands, including its economy.

--"Caribbean economies, lifestyles, activities, practices and operational cycles are intricately linked to climate, making them vulnerable to its variations and/or changes."

--"As examples, climate extremely impacts agriculture, fisheries, health, tourism, water availability, recreation, and energy uses, among other things."

--"In this paper, review of the growing bank of knowledge about Caribbean climate science; variability and change is undertaken ."

2) https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2010EO160002

-Volcanic Vents Found in Deep Caribbean Waters

-Randy Showstack

-June 3 2011

--As stated in this article, climate change and the increased greenhouse gases composed by the action of burning fossil fuels have now been clarified for the response to volcanic vents. One of the largest now found in the depths of about 5000-800ft in the waters of Caribbean.

--With this being discovered it directly shows evidence and facts that climate change is changing and will continue to the change the communities and lives of the people who populate these islands.

--"Scientists surveying the Cayman Trough in the Caribbean Sea have discovered the world's deepest undersea volcanic vents, or “black smokers,” the National Oceanography Center (NOC) in Southampton, UK, announced on 11 April."

--"Geochemist Doug Connelly of NOC, principal scientist of the expedition, noted, “We hope our discovery will yield new insights into biogeochemically important elements in one of the most extreme naturally occurring environments on our planet.” "

What Can Be Fixed:

~In the introduction, they can clarify how climate change is caused (enormous increase in the burning of fossil fuels all over the world since the rise of technology following the Industrial Revolution). After, they can continue to explain the effects climate change has on the islands of the Caribbean.

~In the Geography section, they should clarify exactly where the islands are located, and who they are next to. There should also be information of the water levels that the Caribbean has experienced and what they are at now because they say one effect is rise of water levels but not explaining what the problem is until the next section. With facts of what the water levels are now and how they will be in the future will help people understand the effects of the rise in sea level explained later on in the article. For example, the islands will experience floods that can wipe out communities and leave people vulnerable to the lashes of hard weather. Along with, "Rising sea levels are expected to cause coastal erosion due to climate change."

~I think the article could add a section about the people living in these communities and what they could do to survive if things actually got really bad.

Brittany Sainvilus

Climate Change in the Caribbean reference articles

"Climate change impacts in Caribbean coastal areas and tourism." Journal of Coastal Research. Issue NO. 24. (1994): Pages 49-69 (21 pages). Print.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/25736087?seq=5#metadata_info_tab_contents

This article talks about the cause and effect actions that happen on the Caribbean islands and how it has an impact on the locals.

On page 53 of the article, it explains the physical and cultural attributes that come with the Caribbean region.

The article also explains the environmental problems that will happen with the change in climate. It illustrates the problems that the government will have in their economy if natural disasters destroy their process of money making. Beaches, coral reefs, and the natural environment is somethings the Caribbean is known for. And it these resources are exhausted their pollution and the change in climate, their will be problems for their economy and environment.

Assessing climate change impacts on coastal infrastructure in the Eastern Caribbean

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X03001313

This article is talking about the more specific reasoning as to why the change in climate is dangerous.

It talks about in the internal and external outcomes that will happen, or is happening, in the Caribbean. For example, the increase of coastal flooding and the damage that storms dwell.

The article also brings up the environment, the forests for example, and how the native animal life will be effected.

This article also holds statistics that will strengthen the reliability of the information thats given. It will also help with the relation it has to the other regions around the world. The comparison will bring up evidence that climate change is indeed affecting the Caribbean but also other tropical regions round the world.

Cultural Impacts


 * There is a variety of people that live on the Caribbean islands and they are heavily impacted on the effects of climate change on their home. "Culturally, the peoples of the Caribbean are a mix of Africa, Asian, European, and Native American"(Coastal Education).
 * Tourism is an important aspect in the Caribbeans economy. Without, their Functionality with collapse and cause the natives the struggle more than they already are. The impact of climate change on tourism will lead to unknown results and m any diffculties for the islands. The coastal region, where tourist reside on their trips, is nothing like the original residence for the natives.

Environmental impacts in the Caribbean


 * Coral reefs are a huge part of the Caribbean ocean and an important aspect to their ecosystem. Coral bleaching is an effect of the the change in climate because of the rise in water temperature in the seawater. The coral is also being used as a "natural resource" for the native to create cement and aggregate because they aren't provided with the same materials are other countries.
 * "We are seeing repeated and prolonged droughts, an increase in the number of very hot days, intense rainfall events causing repeated localised flooding, and rising sea levels that are consuming the beautiful beaches on which tourism in our region depends" (Taylor).
 * Natural disasters are an addition the environmental impact on the Caribbean. The rise is seawater temperature is something that impacts the Caribbean for the hurricane season. The warmer the water, the greater the storm and for the past three years we've seen a drastic change in the storms in those tropical waters. Destroying their homes, beaches, and effecting their local sea life.
 * Tourism is important to the economy and if natural disaster, like hurricane, continue to become a problem people won't want to visit the islands and contribute to their general income.

"See Also" Link of another Wikipedia article

Climate change

This article has the basic factual information needed to know about climate change. It is very informative and has other information and details on the problem I didn't know about before.

"The climate system receives nearly all of its energy from the sun, with a tiny fraction from earth's interior. The climate system also gives off energy to outer space. The balance of incoming and outgoing energy, and the passage of the energy through the climate system, determines Earth's energy budget. When the incoming energy is greater than the outgoing energy, earth's energy budget is positive and the climate system is warming. If more energy goes out, the energy budget is negative and earth experiences cooling."

That's information on the climate system and how it works giving us a more detailed image in our head of how the systems on this earth really work.

Kassandra Lopez

I started off by first reading through the article and fixing any grammar issues that I noticed. I don’t know how good of a job I did, but I tried my best. I than read it again and picked out certain points that were mentioned that I thought could use some more information. One of the points I picked was the impact on tourism and how this impacts the Caribbeans. I then tried finding articles that had to do with tourism and other things that I thought could work for the article.

I found information from a few sources about sea turtles being impacted and included that information where I thought it would fit.

Some articles found


 * 1) FISH, M. R., CÔTÉ, I. M., GILL, J. A., JONES, A. P., RENSHOFF, S. and WATKINSON, A. R. (2005), Predicting the Impact of Sea‐Level Rise on Caribbean Sea Turtle Nesting Habitat. Conservation Biology, 19: 482-491. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00146.x

- While searching sea level rise, I found this article that gave some information on the impacts on sea turtles. The source talks about how the sea level rise and beach erosion is impacting the way sea turtles nest and where they nest. There were some studies done to sea how exactly the change in environment was affecting the sea turtles.

- " Damage to the beaches can also negatively impact sea turtles that nest in the Caribbeans. The islands are home to a few species of sea turtles, which are all facing endangerment due to the coastal erosion. Sea level rise can impact where sea turtles nest and their nesting behavior." = This is a piece of information that I tried putting together to include in the article.

2. Gable, F. J. “CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS ON CARIBBEAN COASTAL AREAS AND TOURISM.” Journal of Coastal Research, 1997, pp. 49–69. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/25736087 (Links to an external site.).

- Tourism is a big business for areas like the Caribbean, especially because of their beaches. But with their beaches being ruined, it's affecting their tourist interactions.

I also continued to look through different data bases to find more information on the impacts of the hurricanes and rising sea levels/erosion.

Things to change:


 * I think that there could be more information included on the social impacts. Impacts on food and drinking perhaps.