User:Klinem/sandbox

Article Evaluation 2/18
The Sex-positive movement Wikipedia page aligns with our class discussions of identity as it relates to sexuality and expression. It highlights the elements of sex-positivity and go into detail on a few perspectives on the movement, as well as the history of it and the impact that is has on society. There is some good information, however there is also plenty of work that could be done to improve the organization and understanding of the page.

The information on this page is mostly relevant to the topic, however the organization makes it somewhat confusing. The lead is detailed, and gives a good summary of the topic, but the sections following it are "Lexicology" and "Overview," which I think could be reversed and also could be more detailed. The Lexicology section only covers one perspective, and I think that could definitely be expanded upon. The Overview section begins with opposing viewpoints, which I think could either have a separate section or could be mentioned at later on in the Overview. The historical contexts of the movement are detailed, but could include more recent information.

As far as neutrality goes, the language in this article is generally unbiased. It does not advocate for a particular side, nor does it promote the sex-positive movement. It does, at the end, claim that Betty Dodson "could be regarded as the grandmother of the movement," which is not particularly biased, but there is no source or citation that would prove this statement is accurate.

The viewpoint of the opposition is included, but I think it could still be more detailed, and might even be a large enough concept to warrant it's own subheading.

The citations on this page were updated in May of 2017, so they are mostly up to date and accurate, however some of them are still lacking links. Also, I also think that there could be more links to other Wikipedia articles within this page. Specifically, the section that talks about the SexPositiveWorld organization has very few sources, citations and links. I think that improving this section, and possibly creating a separate subheading for it, could help make this page more comprehensive, current and informational.

The talk page for this article is not particularly active. Most of the edits that have been catalogued date back to 2006-2010. Most of the conversation revolves around a "Criticism" section that is no longer part of the page. There were some issues with bias, and the section "read like a combination of original research and self-promotion," which clearly violates the Wikipedia conduct guidelines. Some information was also merged regarding "sex-negativity," because that term is almost solely used within the context of the sex-positive movement. There have also been themes of unclear wording, which mainly seems to stem from the fact that rhetoric surrounding sex and sexuality is usually highly conscious of gender and identity.

This article is rated "C" based on the Wikipedia Quality Scale, and it is a part of the WikiProject Sociology group. It is also supported by the social movements task force within Wikipedia. It was also part of the WikiEducation Foundation as a supportive course assignment. I would agree with the C rating for this article, because it is informative and covers a wide scope of concepts within the sex-positive movement, but it could still be more organized and comprehensive.

What I Plan to Work On
After completing the Wikipedia Assessment, it is clear that there are several areas that I can focus on to improve the Sex-Positive Movement's Wikipedia page. First and foremost, the lead section is not relevant to the rest of the article, and is sometimes unclear. I think that it could benefit from not only a complete copyedit, but also a more clear and understandable mission and summary. I also think that the organization could make more sense. I think that it would be good to move the Lexicology section and rearrange the way that the movement is described, because it is a mix of history and explanation. Separating these and making them more detailed would add to the clarity of the article. I also think that some of the sources and references should be added to sentences that are lacking citations. Another important thing that I could address is the massive content gaps related to more recent events that have taken place within the movement. I think that adding more information on the AIDS epidemic or the movement towards sex-positivity in the past few years would make this page more informational.

= Copy from Main Article: Sex Positive Movement = From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

"Sex positive" redirects here. For other uses, see Sex Positive (disambiguation).

The sex-positive movement is a social movement and philosophical movement that promotes and embraces sexuality and sexual expression, with an emphasis on safe and consensual sex. Sex-positivity is "an attitude towards human sexuality that regards all consensual sexual activities as fundamentally healthy and pleasurable, encouraging sexual pleasure and experimentation." The sex-positive movement also advocates for comprehensive sex education and safe sex as part of its campaign." The movement generally makes no moral distinctions among types of sexual activities, regarding these choices as matters of personal preference.

Contents
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 * 2 Overview
 * 3 History of the sex-positivity movement
 * 4 Sex-positive feminism
 * 5 Opposition to the sex-positivity movement
 * 6 Sex-positivity in the 21st Century
 * 7 See also
 * 8 References

Overview[edit]
The term and concept of sex-positivity is generally attributed to Wilhelm Reich. His hypothesis was that some societies view sexual expression as essentially good and healthy, while others have a generally negative view of sexuality and seek to repress and control libido. Other terms used to describe this concept include pro-sex, or pro-sexuality.

The sex-positive movement does not, in general, make moral or ethical distinctions between heterosexual or homosexual sex, or masturbation, regarding these choices as matters of personal preference. Other sex-positive positions include acceptance of BDSM and polyamory as well as asexuality. The sex-positive movement is also concerned with the teaching of comprehensive and accurate sex education in schools.

Some sex-positive theorists have analyzed sex-positivity in terms of the intersection of race/culture, gender, sexuality, class, nationality, and spirituality.

Because of the vastness of the sex-positivity movement, it has been challenging for people to reach an agreed upon definition of the term "sex-positivity." Several definitions of sex-positivity have been offered by sexologist Carol Queen:"Sex-positive, a term that's coming into cultural awareness, isn't a dippy love-child celebration of orgone – it's a simple yet radical affirmation that we each grow our own passions on a different medium, that instead of having two or three or even half a dozen sexual orientations, we should be thinking in terms of millions. 'Sex-positive' respects each of our unique sexual profiles, even as we acknowledge that some of us have been damaged by a culture that tries to eradicate sexual difference and possibility.""It’s the cultural philosophy that understands sexuality as a potentially positive force in one’s life, and it can, of course, be contrasted with sex-negativity, which sees sex as problematic, disruptive, dangerous. Sex-positivity allows for and in fact celebrates sexual diversity, differing desires and relationships structures, and individual choices based on consent."

History of the sex-positivity movement
Main articles: 1960s counterculture, Free Love and Sexual revolution

In general use, the term sexual liberation is used to describe a socio-political movement, witnessed from the 1960s into the 1970s. However, the term has been used at least since the late 1920s and is often attributed as being influenced by Freud's writing on sexual liberation and psychosexual issues, as well as Wilhelm Reich, who originally coined the term.

During the 1960s, a shift in the ways people thought about sexuality began to take place, heralding a period of de-conditioning in some circles away from old world antecedents, and developing new codes of sexual behavior, many of which have since been integrated into the mainstream.

The 1960s also heralded a new culture of "free love" with millions of young people embracing the hippie ethos and preaching the power of love and the beauty of sex as a natural part of ordinary life. Hippies believed that sex and sexuality were natural biological phenomena which should be neither denied nor repressed. Changes in attitudes reflected a perception that traditional views on sexuality were both hypocritical and chauvinistic.

Sexual liberalization heralded a new ethos in experimenting with open sex in and outside of marriage, contraception and the pill, public nudity, gay liberation, legalized abortion, interracial marriage, a return to natural childbirth, women's rights and feminism.

Celibate hippies were not critical of those who chose the paths of "free love" and "sexual liberalization". In the late 1970s and 1980s, newly won sexual freedoms were exploited by big businesses looking to capitalize on a more open society, with the advent of public pornography.

Historian David Allyn argues that the sexual revolution was a time of "coming-out": about premarital sex, masturbation, erotic fantasies, pornography use, and sexuality.

Sex-positive feminism[edit]
Further information: Sex-positive feminism

Sex-positive feminism, also known as pro-sex feminism, sex-radical feminism, or sexually liberal feminism, is a movement that began in the early 1980s. Some became involved in the sex-positive feminist movement in response to efforts by anti-pornography feminists, such as Catharine MacKinnon, Andrea Dworkin, Robin Morgan and Dorchen Leidholdt, to put pornography at the center of a feminist explanation of women's oppression. This period of intense debate and acrimony between sex-positive and anti-pornography feminists during the early 1980s is often referred to as the "Feminist Sex Wars". Other sex-positive feminists became involved, not in opposition to other feminists, but in direct response to what they saw as patriarchal control of sexuality. Some authors who have advocated sex-positive feminism include Ellen Willis, Susie Bright, Patrick Califia, Gayle Rubin, Carol Queen, Avedon Carol, Tristan Taormino, Diana Cage, Nina Hartley, and Betty Dodson.

Opposition to the sex-positivity movement
In opposition, sex-negativity takes on conservative definitions of human sexuality. Under this guise, sex is seen as a destructive force except under the contract of a marriage. Sexual acts are ranked hierarchically, with marital heterosexuality at the top of the hierarchy and masturbation, homosexuality, and other sexualities that deviate from societal expectations closer to the bottom. Medicine and psychiatry are said to have also contributed to sex-negativity, as they may, designate some forms of sexuality that appear on the bottom of this hierarchy as being pathological (see Mental illness).

Sex-positivity in the 21st Century
Since the early 2000s, the sex-positivity movement has continued to move closer into the mainstream. The advent of social media has made the sex-positivity more accessible by giving advocates of the movement platforms to promote their beliefs to a wide audience of followers. By extending the reach of the movement, sex-positivity has come to be inclusive of all sorts of sex and sexuality. Shaming has become an area of particular interest within the sex-positivity movement, encouraging people to be more open and accepting of the different experiences people have with sex and sexuality. Slut-shaming, prude-shaming and kink-shaming have all been challenged by the sex-positivity movement in an effort to allow all people to feel supported by and included in the movement.

Pop culture has also played a large role in bring the sex-positivity movement into the mainstream. Celebrities, including Lady Gaga, Amber Rose, Jessica Biel, Cameron Diaz and many others, have spoken publicly about their experiences with slut-shaming, sexuality, sexual assault, body acceptance and overall sexual health and responsibility.

In 2018, Viceland, an American television station, began airing a sex-positive series called Slutever, hosted by Karley Sciortino.

See also[edit]

 * Sexuality portal


 * Center for Sex Positive Culture
 * Comprehensive sex education
 * Free love
 * Sexecology
 * Sexual revolution
 * Positive Youth Development
 * Relationship anarchy

References[edit]

 * 1) Jump up^
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 * 3) Jump up^ Johansson, Warren. 1990. "Sex Negative, Sex Positive". In: Dynes WR (ed). Encyclopedia of Homosexuality. New York: Garland. p 1182–1183. ISBN 0-8153-1880-4.
 * 4) Jump up^ See, for example, Wilhelm Reich, The Invasion of Compulsory Sex-Morality (Der Einbruch der Sexualmoral, 1932); The Sexual Revolution (Die Sexualität im Kulturkampf, 1936).
 * 5) Jump up^ Philipson, Ilene. "The repression of history and gender: A critical perspective on the feminist sexuality debate." Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 10.1 (1984): 113-118.
 * 6) Jump up^ Cunningham, Scarlett. Interventions in Woman as Spectacle: The Political Economy of Desire in Late Capitalist Societies. Diss. University of Alabama Libraries, 2010.
 * 7) ^ Jump up to:a b Rubin, Gayle (1984). Thinking Sex: Notes for a Radical Theory of the Politics of Sexuality. In Carole S. Vance (Ed.), Pleasure and Danger: exploring female sexuality, pp. 267–319. Boston (Routledge & Kegan Paul). ISBN 0-7100-9974-6
 * 8) Jump up^
 * 9) Jump up^ Queen, Carol (1997). Real Live Nude Girl: Chronicles of Sex-Positive Culture. Pittsburgh (Cleis Press). ISBN 1-57344-073-6
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 * 11) Jump up^ The Handbook of the Oneida Community claims to have coined the term around 1850, and laments that its use was appropriated by socialists to attack marriage, an institution that they felt protected women and children from abandonment
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 * 19) Jump up^ The term appeared as early as 1929; the book Is Sex Necessary?, by Thurber & White, has a chapter titled The Sexual Revolution: Being a Rather Complete Survey of the Entire Sexual Scene.
 * 20) Jump up^ Sex liberation or, more radically, revolution, would be the historical opposite process to the process of repressing sexuality. But Freud never thought that was a desirable aim for sexuality, as he thought the repression of sexuality is the general cultural dynamics. For Freud the opposite of sexual repression would be social chaos and irrepressed violence among people. As well as for the classical European political theorists (as Hobbes, Locke or Rousseau), and in conflict with the socialist and anarchist (Engels, Kropotkin, Bakunin, Malatesta, Armand) sexual repression is the positive base of the social contract.
 * 21) Jump up^ Time, 1967.
 * 22) Jump up^ Escoffier, 2003.
 * 23) Jump up^ Germaine Greer and The Female Eunuch
 * 24) Jump up^ http://www.greenwood.com/catalog/GR9913.aspx The 1960s Cultural Revolution.
 * 25) Jump up^ Dudley 2000, pp. 203–206. Timothy Miller notes that the counterculture was a "movement of seekers of meaning and value...the historic quest of any religion". Miller quotes Harvey Cox, William C. Shepard, Jefferson Poland, and Ralph J. Gleason in support of the view of the hippie movement as a new religion. See also Wes Nisker's The Big Bang, The Buddha, and the Baby Boom: "At its core, however, hippie was a spiritual phenomenon, a big, unfocused, revival meeting". Billy Bob Joe Nisker cites the San Francisco Oracle, which described the Human Be-In as a "spiritual revolution".
 * 26) Jump up^ https://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/1560255250/ Sexual Revolution by Erica Jong, Jeffrey Escoffier, Fred W. McDarrah.
 * 27) Jump up^ McElroy, W (2002). Liberty for Women: Freedom and Feminism in the Twenty-First Century. Chicago.