User:Kmastrianni/Abortion-rights movements

I.         Women’s Rights and the Pro-Choice Movement

a. Fried, M. G. (1993). Beyond Abortion: Transforming the Pro-Choice Movement. Social Policy, 23(4), 22–28. (2)

b.     The women in America have had the choice to choose what they do with their reproductive organs since 1972. Recently, women have been faced with their rights of choice being stripped from them.

II. Many women are pushing back decisions being made when it comes to the pro-choice movement, and the decisions that are made in regard to it. Currently in the United States, women have a choice on what they want to do with their reproductive organs. This choice does allow women to get an abortion if they feel it is the right pathway for them to take. Many people, including individuals involved in the “pro-choice movement” feel as if their right to choose is very restricted by other laws that are put into place. These activists are not only located in the United States, but other countries, where abortion is completely illegal. These activists are sharing out in hopes of making women’s rights a world-wide accomplishment. The pro-choice groups are hoping with this accomplishment, not only will it allow women of all countries be able to legally have an abortion, but it would also take away laws that restrict women from having full choice of their bodies.

III. Women are angered by having their right to choose taken from them. Women feel that if they believe abortion is the right path for them, they should be able to do so without any repercussions. Groups of protestors and activists were organized in order to go forth with women’s rights, not only in the United States, but other countries as well.

a.     Pro-choice Movement is organized by men and women liberals who believe women should have a right to choose when it comes to female reproductive organs.

b.     This organization is a non-profit organization, that includes protesting and advocating for women’s rights. Fundraising occurs in order to help fund abortion and women’s clinics.

c.     The group is ineffective given they cannot make actual changes, no matter how much they protest or fight for what they believe.

d.     The government of each state will decide if abortion will or will not be legal in their state.

e.     People with liberal views tend to lean more toward the pro-choice movement advocating for women’s rights, whereas, people with conservative views tend to go against the pro-choice movement, wanting to make abortions illegal.

I.               Comparing Non-traditional Rights Movements

a.     Kimport, K. (2016). Divergent Successes : What the Abortion Rights Movement Can Learn from Marriage Equality’s Success. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 48(4), 221–227. (3)

b.     The advocates of Same-Sex Marriage were successful in convincing the government and voters that same-sex marriage should be legal. Being that the Pro-choice movement is fighting and advocating for women’s rights, they believe Marriage Equality organization could give the advocates of women’s rights some pointers of how to successfully convince the government and voters to sway in the direction that would favor them.

II. The supporters of the abortion rights movement can gain knowledge from the supporters of same-sex marriage. Abortions and same-sex marriage are on completely opposite paths but stand for similar things. Both of these movements stand for non-traditional views. It is extremely hard to change unpopular legal and political roles. The same-sex marriage movement had a lot of diverse supports on their side, where the abortions rights movements lacked a diverse population. In order to get the public’s attention, it is important to address the issue with definitive facts about abortion and the essential meaning of what abortion is. It is also important to not bring other topics, such a race and politics. It is important to focus on grabbing the media’s attention and mention women’s health, life success, the health of the baby, socioeconomic factors, and how beneficial abortions could be if they were made safe and legal.

III. Marriage Equality and Women’s Rights are both movements that advocate for non-traditional views. The Same-Sex Marriage organization successfully swayed voters to vote in their favor. The Women’s Rights organization is having to fight a hard battle to keep abortion legal. Can taking tips from The Marriage Equality advocates help the advocates for the Pro-Choice Movement?

a.     Pro-choice Movement and Marriage Equality Movement are organized by men and women who believe in both non-traditional views.

b.     Both organizations include protesting and advocating for the rights of individuals who want to legally do things that were not traditionally legal. The goal is to change the law in order to make those things legal.

c.     The Same-sex marriage group was effective in convincing the government officials and voters to see things their way and make same-sex marriage legal. The Pro-choice movement advocates are working diligently to fight for women’s rights. It is up to them to convince the government and voters to allow abortion to be legal in each state.

d.     The government allowed same-sex marriage to be legal in all fifty states. The government of each state will decide if abortion will or will not be legal in their state.

e.     People with liberal views tend to lean more toward the Pro-choice and Marriage equality movements,  advocating for women’s rights and all couples, whereas, people with conservative views tend to go against the Pro-choice and Marriage-equality movements, advocating for more traditional ways of doing things.

I.                Evolution of Abortion throughout the years

a.     Kretschmer, K. (2014). Shifting Boundaries and Splintering Movements: Abortion Rights in the Feminist and New Right Movements. Sociological Forum, 29(4), 893–915. (4)

b.     As the 21st century progressed, abortion became more discussed amongst the public. Different groups were started depending on their beliefs, while still supporting abortion. Even though some groups had different beliefs, they were all fighting for the same rights.

II. Before the 1960s, abortion was not a popular topic discussed amongst the public, or in politics. As the years progressed deeper into the 1900s into the 21st century, women’s right became more of a political topic. As pressure began to grow on this matter, liberal and conservative groups began to form in regard to women’s rights. Majority of the groups supporting women’s rights were democrats and took a more liberal view of topics in this regard. Americans that did not support the pro-choice movement were republicans and took a more conservative view to the issue. There were two main conservative groups that fought for women’s right in the pro-choice movement, Women’s Equity Action League (WEAL), and Feminists for Life (FFL). As the movement evolved and became centralized in American government and politics, the difference in conservative and liberal groups of the pro-choice movement became very obvious. From the liberal standpoint, which were the majority, WEAL and FFL, viewed women’s rights very differently. As the movement continued to shift in the direction it was headed, the groups that once fought for the same thing, began to have very different views and were no longer a part of the same movement.

III. Both Democrats and Republicans are fighting for women’s rights even though they have very different views when it comes to tradition.

a.     There are two main conservative groups that fought for women’s rights: Women’s Equity Action League (WEAL) and Feminists for Life (FFL). The other groups have more liberal views.

b.     WEAL and FEL are conservative groups, the other groups are liberal groups, but they have the same end goal. All Pro-choice movement groups want women to have the right of choice when it comes to their bodies and reproductive organs.

c.     Back in 1972, until recently, were effective in their protests and advocations, convincing men and women that abortion should be legal if the women deems it necessary. Currently, the government is leaving the decision up to the state officials and voters to decide whether or not abortion should be legal.

d.     The governors of some states are allowing their citizens to vote to determine whether or not abortion should be legal in that particular state. Some states have already banned abortion without their citizens voting, and other have kept it legal.

e.     Today’s conservative group is very against the idea of abortion. Conservatives want abortion to be banned under all circumstances. Some people agree to have abortions only under certain circumstances, while others want abortion completely legal, no matter the circumstance.

I.               Louisiana Abortion Statistics 2020 and 2021

a.     Louisiana abortion statistics. Louisiana Right to Life. (2022, June 17). Retrieved July 1, 2022, from https://prolifelouisiana.org/louisiana-abortion-statistics/   (5)

b.     The number of abortions performed in 2020 and 2021 began to decrease. Age, race, and marriage status had different percentages included in these statistics. Several cases of abortion were out-of-state residents.

II. “In 2020, there were 7,473 abortions performed in Louisiana alone. By 2021, abortions had decreased slightly to 7,444, which equated to approximately 20 abortions per day. Sixty-five percent of abortions were performed for African American women. Ninety percent of women who had abortions performed were single. There were twenty-seven girls who had an abortion that were under the age of fifteen. Five hundred ninety-nine girls were aged fifteen to seventeen. Two thousand, one hundred two women who had an abortion were ages twenty to twenty-four. Women of the age twenty-five to twenty-nine were the highest number at two thousand, two hundred fifty-four. There were one thousand, four hundred seventy-four women who had an abortion at age thirty to thirty-four. Finally, there were nine hundred eighty-eight women that had an abortion at ages thirty-five and older. Because abortion was legal in Louisiana, there were several cases of abortion that were performed on residents of other states where abortions were illegal. Eight hundred fifty-eight cases of abortions were out-of-state residents in order to have a safe and successful procedure, without any repercussions.” (5)

III. Many women are having several abortions performed daily in Louisiana. Some women are even using Louisiana as an abortion refuge or a safe place to have an abortions performed. Without this, women would be subjected to carry babies full term and birth them.

a.     Louisiana allows women to get abortions, completely legal, with no legal repercussions.

b.     Women are currently able to seek help in order to have an abortion performed, either in a doctor’s office or abortion clinic, as long as it is completed by a licensed physician.

c.     When abortions are completed in a safe area by a licensed physician, abortions are very effective with little health consequences.

d.     Some states will still allow women to safely and successfully have an abortion.

e.     The conservatives are going to fight and vote for abortion to be banned, while the liberal are going to fight and vote for women to be able to have an abortion if they choose to do so.

I.               Reasons why women choose to get an abortion

a.     Walker, S. (2022, May 3). 77 shocking abortion statistics in 2022. Respect Care Givers. Retrieved July 1, 2022, from https://respectcaregivers.org/abortion-statistics/   (9)

b.     There are many reasons women choose abortion as their best option for them. The reasons and percentages differ tremendously. The highest range being financial reasons, to the lowest range of rape.

II. There are many reasons that women decide that abortion is the right path for them to take. “Forty percent of women have an abortion performed due to financial reasons. They feel as if they cannot afford to raise a baby with their current income. Thirty-six percent of women feel as if they are not in the right stage of life, so they seek an abortion. Thirty-one percent of women who have an abortion performed have marriage issues, or may be on the verge of separating from their partner. Twenty-nine percent of women who have an abortion want to focus on their current child or children. Twenty percent of women who have an abortion performed do not want to make changes to their future plans or goals. Nineteen percent of people who seek an abortion are emotionally not stable or ready to have a child. The lowest percent of abortion cases at two percent, are due to ectopic pregnancies. And finally, rape victims fall at a slight eight percent” (9).

III. The argument that is circulating for women’s rights is that women should be able to have an abortion because of the rape and incest cases. Rape and incest are the lowest percentage of cases for reasons that women are getting abortions. The real reason people want abortions to be legal is just to merely say they have the right to do it if they want to. Any other excuse to have an abortion just seems to be an illegitimate argument based on statistics.

a.     RespectCareGivers is an organization that collects statistics on women who get an abortion.

b.     Statistics are collected based on age, race, and reason, as well as marital status. They also collect data on how well the women knew the person who got them pregnant, if it was rape, or how far along the pregnancies are. Statistics were also taken on how the abortion was performed or why they chose to perform the abortion the way they did.

c.     The organization seems to be effective in tracking the different aspects of women getting an abortion; however, the organization fails to help the women who are in need of help financially, emotionally, or physically.

d.     Collecting these statistics should be an eye opener for women to take better precautions or to help women financially under certain circumstances, in order to perform safe abortions, if they are legal in that area.

e.     Liberal voters will vote on abortion being legal and safe, as well as to federally fund women who are in need. Conservative voters will vote for abortions to be illegal or non-publicly funded abortions, which will be usafe and life-threatening for women.

I.               States that allow abortions, and states that don’t

a.     Abortion laws by state: Where abortions are illegal after Roe v. Wade overturned. POLITICO. (n.d.). Retrieved July 1, 2022, from https://www.politico.com/news/2022/06/24/abortion-laws-by-state-roe-v-wade-00037695   (1)

b.     Abortions are currently legal in twenty-eight states, and illegal in five states. Abortions are undecided in seventeen states, where some of them are either on the verge of becoming illegal or will likely stay legal.

II. “Abortions are currently illegal in the following states: Louisiana, Texas, Oklahoma, Kentucky, and South Dakota. Abortions are currently illegal in the following states: Alaska, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, as well as the territory of D.C. The rest of the states are on the path of being illegal or likely to stay legal after the November election.” (1)

III. The states are very conflicted and have very different opinions on whether or not abortion should be legal. This is very similar to the presidential election, looking at the red versus blue states. The red versus blue, or republican versus democrat, shows exactly how the country is divided in their own beliefs and opinions, which America stands for.

a. They determine each states status on the legality of abortions.

b. They collect data to see which states are legally allowing abortion,          versus not allowing abortion.

c. Not all states are making abortion either legal nor illegal. This is going to be a split divide on states who want to allow versus not allow abortion. States are going to have issues with out-of-state residents seeking abortions in another state, where it is legal.

d. Some states are going to make abortion legal, or make out-of-state resident abortions illegal.

e. The states who ban abortion are going to have liberals appeal the ban, where as conservatives will appeal bans on states that legalize abortion. Conservatives will push to have out-of-state abortions illegal, and would like to see illegal abortions become a national law.

I. Risks of Banning Abortions

a. World Health Organization. (n.d.). Abortion. World Health Organization. Retrieved July 1, 2022, from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/abortion (10)

b. When abortions are banned, or made illegal, the risks of abortions happening begin to rise. If a woman decides that she will have an abortion, and it is illegal, chances are, she will make unsafe decisions in order to see it through.

II. When abortions are banned, the percentages of illegal abortion begin to rise. Women do unsafe things to induce abortion by taking medications or physically inflicting harm on themselves. “The World Health Organization (WHO) describes an un-safe abortion as a procedure for terminating a pregnancy either by people lacking the necessary skills or in an environment lacking the minimal standards, or both. Unsafe abortions occur more often where abortion is restricted by law. Three quarters (75%) of abortions are unsafe procedures in countries that prohibit abortion” (10).

III. Whether abortion is legal or illegal, women are going to seek it if them deem it necessary or the path that they must take. Making abortion legal will allow women to have an abortion safely and effectively. Prohibiting abortion will not stop women from having an abortion, it will only make the procedure risky and life-threatening.

A.    The World Health Organization (WHO) covers health different health topics.

B.    They take statistics of different areas, based on certain health-related topics. Their goal is to seek better health world-wide.

C.     The WHO is usually a highly effective organization that brings awareness level up, as well as help to cure different areas of people with specific health issues.

D.    The WHO is going to different countries around the world to ensure girls and women have safe and effective access to abortions.

E.     Conservatives would appeal this organization if abortion is made illegal, given that they would continue to give access to abortions even if they were made illegal. Liberals would fight for this organization to continue their mission.

I. Consequences of Illegal Abortions

a. Voices from the Field14 July 2015. (2011, January 11). Q&A on consequences of unsafe abortion: MSF. Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) International. Retrieved July 1, 2022, from https://www.msf.org/qa-consequences-unsafe-abortion (8)

b. Once abortion is made illegal, women begin to seek ways to still have an abortion, even if the abortion is unsafe and life-threatening. There are not only risks of legal action, but also sever health risks, that could lead to hospitalization, or even death.

II. “In countries where abortion is illegal, there are about 47,000 maternal deaths, each year, worldwide. About five million women sustain disabilities due to unsafe abortions, each year, worldwide” (8). Women can sustain many complications, similar to having complications while delivering a baby, such as: hemorrhage (severe bleeding), Sepsis (toxins in bloodstream), hypertensive disorder (high blood pressure), and other complications or injuries to female organs and reproductive system.

III. Whether or not abortions are legal, women will seek to have them, even if it means they will be unsafe or possibly result in death. Making abortions legal, will allow women to have the abortion performed safely and without as many risks.

a.     A charter organization of Doctors without Borders. They are a nonprofit group that assist people in areas that are impacted by pandemics, diseases, or natural disasters. They also work in places that do not have the proper healthcare or treatment.

b.     They go to different areas in need of medical attention in order to provide quality healthcare to the people of that area.

c.     This organization is highly effective. They travel worldwide, providing service to over 70 countries, treating people who need medical attention, especially in the case of crisis.

d.     They provide abortions to people who live in areas where they do not have the medical means to have safe abortions.

e.     Being that this is a worldwide organization, they would have to be mindful of the areas where abortion is illegal, so that they do not perform abortions where they are banned. Conservatives will fight this group to try and keep them out of America. Liberals would welcome this group, especially if abortion would become illegal across the country.

I.               Should we keep abortion legal?

a.     www.prb.org. Safe Engage. (n.d.). Retrieved July 2, 2022, from https://www.prb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/2021-safe-engage-abortion-facts-and-figures-media-guide.pdf

b.     When states or government allow abortion, make it legal, not as many women die or end up with injuries due to having safe abortions. Women are able to seek professional help, in a clean environment with a doctor that can make sure the procedure is done correctly.

II. Keeping abortion legal lower the death toll and disability amount due to women having access to safe and professional help. “When abortion is legal, it is done by a licensed doctor in a clean environment. The maternal death rate of legal abortions is less than one per 100,000 abortion procedures, this is compared to 9 in every 10 abortions being safe.”

III. Abortions being legal are saving the lives of women and keeping women safe. Banning abortions are causing more risks to women, including death. Death rates and disability rates are much higher in places where abortion is performed illegally.

a.     The Population Reference Bureau is an organization that uses data and facts to inform people about different environmental factors in order to education the current and future generations.

b.     They collect data, statistics, and evidence in order to educate individuals about the health and safety of other in different areas.

c.     This organization is very effective by collecting data and evidence in order to help girls and women who need the medical attention in order to ensure their safety.

d.     They provide data and statistical evidence to support their claims and give reasoning as to why different things are necessary. In this case, they are providing data and statistics as evidence to support their reasoning of why abortion should be legal.

e.     Liberals would support this group as helping women to safely and successfully have an abortion if they choose to do so. Conservatives would fight back, as they want abortion to be completely banned and goes against their beliefs.

I.               Risks of Legal Abortion

a.     NHS. (n.d.). Risks. NHS choices. Retrieved July 1, 2022, from https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/abortion/risks/   (6)

b.     Most people believe that if they have a legal abortion, it is 100% safe, with no risks involved. The truth is, there are risks involved in everything. Even legal abortions, that are safe, come with risks. The same risks that come with an illegal abortion, come with a legal abortion, with less of a chance. It is more likely to sustain an injury or death when the abortion is done unsafe or illegally.

II. Risks during an abortion depend on the type of abortion being performed, as well as the gestation period of the fetus. Medical abortion risks, non-surgical procedures, may include, “part of the pregnancy staying in the womb, hemorrhaging, sepsis, infection, and damage to the womb”(6). Surgical procedure always have risks, especially when it comes to abortion. Surgical abortion risks include, “part of the pregnancy staying in the womb, hemorrhaging, sepsis, infection, and damage to the womb or cervix. There is also a risk of contracting Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, which can spread to your fallopian tubes and ovaries, which raises risks for ectopic pregnancy and infertility” (6).

III. Whether or not abortion is legal, there are risks of injury or death depending on the severity of injury. Even in a safe place where professionals are involved, the environment is clean, and you receive excellent care after the procedure, the possibility of a maternal risk does not disappear.

a.     NHS is a health care organization that deals with a series of well-being healthcare, including pregnancy.

b.     NHS provides care for all pregnancy needs, from finding out your pregnant, to providing support while pregnant, to delivering your baby.

c.     NHS provides effective healthcare to women who are pregnant, no matter what their decision may be as far as terminating their pregnancy or going through with it.

d.     NHS provides a series of health care plans and actions to women who are pregnant, and the decisions that make while pregnant.

e.     Liberals would be for this group, allowing women to choose the route they take with their pregnancy. Conservatives would be only for this group helping women with the medical care they need to have a safe and successful pregnancy.

I.               Roe versus Wade Trial – What was it? What did it do?

a.     Legal Information Institute. (n.d.). Jane Roe, et al., appellants, V. Henry Wade. Legal Information Institute. Retrieved July 1, 2022, from https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/410/113

b.     Roe v Wade was a court case that fought for women’s constitutional rights. This would allow women to have an abortion without receiving any punishments after the act was performed.

II. A 1973 case, which involved fighting for women’s constitutional rights. “Jane Roe fought for women’s constitutional right under the fourteenth amendment. This fell under the Due Process Clause, which protects a person’s privacy against state action. This allows women to be able to go to a medical professional and get an abortion without any social or criminal punishments.” This would allow women to terminate pregnancy under certain stipulations.

III. Jane Roe fought for women’s rights using the constitution against itself. Going to the doctor is a private matter. What you discuss with your doctor, and the treatment that you or the doctor decide is best, is a private decision involving only the patient and the doctor. If terminating the pregnancy is the best option, under the privacy clause, no one should not that the private act is taking place.

a.     The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States Judicial System.

b.     The Supreme Court makes decisions and rulings for the country.

c.     The Supreme Court is highly effective being that the decisions they make are constitutional and do not violate any constitutional rights of the citizens of the United States.

d.     The Supreme Court recently overturned Roe v Wade, making the decision of abortion up to the states to decide whether or not abortion would be legal in that particular state.

e.     Liberals and the Pro-choice movements are fighting this as they believe this violates women’s rights. Conservatives and the Pro-life movement are fighting this as they believe terminating pregnancy is killing or murdering a life and taking away the right to “life” in the famous American quote “Every citizen has the right to Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness.”

I.               Abortion today

a.     Totenberg, N., & McCammon, S. (2022, June 24). Supreme Court overturns Roe v. Wade, ending right to abortion upheld for decades. NPR. Retrieved July 1, 2022, from https://www.npr.org/2022/06/24/1102305878/supreme-court-abortion-roe-v-wade-decision-overturn (7)

b.     The overturn of Roe v Wade change abortion laws across the United States. This is causing a great divide and controversy of the country, when deciding whether or not abortion should be legal.

II. The Roe v Wade case was overturned, which allows state officials and the voters to decide whether or not abortion can be legal in that particular state. This caused some states to ban abortion automatically. Other states are going to vote during election time on whether or not they believe abortion is constitutional. “States that have protected-abortion laws are preparing to expand for access of abortion, due to more patients traveling from areas where abortion is restricted” (7).

III. The overturn of Roe v Wade did not put a ban on abortion across the nation, as many people interpreted it. This gave the states the power to decide whether or not abortion would be illegal in that particular state. People began to start panicking, because they know how their state as a whole is likely to vote. The overturn of Roe v Wade also allows the government of that particular state to make abortion illegal for the slightest reason.

a.     NPR is a news organization that covers national news, including supreme court cases.

b.     NPR follows different national movements, specifically popular movements and supreme court decisions.

c.     They are not effective as far as helping anyone with pregnancy or abortion. They are effective in bringing up facts and cases that are involved with the same movement being discussed. They are also ineffective when it comes to biases. Not all their articles are factual evidence, as some are subjective. In order to present a case for people to fairly decide, the audience needs factual evidence of both aspects.

d.     NPR did have quotes and evidence on both sides of why the Supreme Court decided to overturn Roe v Wade. This tends to open the audience’s minds to both sides of the argument to determine whether or not abortion should be constitutionalized.

e.     When it comes to voting, Conservatives will be anti-abortion and pro-life as they believe it will be murdering and ending a life. Liberals will be pro-choice and pro-women’s rights as they believe not allowing abortions would be terminating women’s rights and unconstitutional.

Works Cited Page

(1) Abortion laws by state: Where abortions are illegal after Roe v. Wade overturned. POLITICO. (n.d.). Retrieved July 1, 2022, from https://www.politico.com/news/2022/06/24/abortion-laws-by-state-roe-v-wade-00037695

(2) Fried, M. G. (1993). Beyond Abortion: Transforming the Pro-Choice Movement. Social Policy, 23(4), 22–28.

(3) Kimport, K. (2016). Divergent Successes : What the Abortion Rights Movement Can Learn from Marriage Equality’s Success. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 48(4),  221–227.

(4) Kretschmar, K. (2014). Shifting Boundaries and Splintering Movements: Abortion Rights in the Feminist and New Right Movements. Sociological Forum, 29(4), 893–915. Legal Information Institute. (n.d.). Jane Roe, et al., appellants, V. Henry Wade. Legal Information Institute. Retrieved July 1, 2022, from https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/410/113

(5) Louisiana abortion statistics. Louisiana Right to Life. (2022, June 17). Retrieved July 1, 2022, from https://prolifelouisiana.org/louisiana-abortion-statistics/

(6) NHS. (n.d.). Risks. NHS choices. Retrieved July 1, 2022, from https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/abortion/risks/

(7) Totenberg, N., & McCammon, S. (2022, June 24). Supreme Court overturns Roe v. Wade, ending right to abortion upheld for decades. NPR. Retrieved July 1, 2022, from https://www.npr.org/2022/06/24/1102305878/supreme-court-abortion-roe-v-wade-decision-overturn

(8) Voices from the Field14 July 2015. (2011, January 11). Q&A on consequences of unsafe abortion: MSF. Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) International. Retrieved July 1, 2022, from https://www.msf.org/qa-consequences-unsafe-abortion

(9) Walker, S. (2022, May 3). 77 shocking abortion statistics in 2022. Respect Care Givers. Retrieved July 1, 2022, from https://respectcaregivers.org/abortion-statistics/

(10) World Health Organization. (n.d.). Abortion. World Health Organization. Retrieved July 1, 2022, from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/abortion www.prb.org. Safe Engage. (n.d.). Retrieved July 2, 2022, from https://www.prb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/2021-safe-engage-abortion-facts-and-figures-media-