User:Kolpinge1191/sandbox

About three per 100,000 people develop the disease a year, although regional frequency may be much higher. The frequency in England has doubled between 1995 and 2015.

It is the second-most common central nervous system cancer after meningioma. Glioblastomas are responsible for approximately 60% of all brain tumors that are present in adults. It occurs more commonly in males than females. Although the average age at diagnosis is 64, in 2014, the broad category of brain cancers was second only to leukemia in people in the United States under 20 years of age.

 Risk Factors: 

Risk factors for glioblastoma include age, sex, race, lifestyle, and environmental factors. The age with the highest incidence rate of glioblastoma is between the ages of 55-60 years. Males present a higher risk for developing the brain tumor with a 3.94 per 100,000 person as compared to females with an incidence rate of 2.38. Caucasians possess the highest risk for developing glioblastoma, specifically European Americans who are 2.5 times more at risk than African Americans. People of Asian and American Indian descent are even less likely to develop the disease. Lifestyle is also a possible risk factor with an indication that an increased consumption in sugar and carbohydrate intake may lead to an increased risk in developing glioblastoma. Weight gain past the age of 25 has also shown to increase risk. Environmental concerns have risen due to the link between exposure to radiation and carbon tetrachloride and glioblastomas.

 Survival and Outcomes: 

Glioblastoma is a terminal for most patients and a complete cure is extremely rare. The period in which people survive following diagnosis is minimal, on average patients live for approximately 14 to 15 months following their original diagnosis. There is a limited number of patients who live up to 2.5 years and less than 5% survive five years after their diagnosis. For those who are left untreated, the length of survival is typically around three months.

 Geographical Factors: 

The incidence of gliomas is different in more developed countries than less developed countries, with more developed countries in the western world having higher incidence rates. Under-reported cases, limited access to health care, and different diagnostic practices may be some of the reasons these incidence rates differ. In the United States, the region with the highest incidence is the northeast and the lowest incidence being in the south-central region. The reasons for the regional differences could be due to differences in cancer reporting between regions, but it is not fully known and GBM cases are sporadic like many other cancers.