User:Konstantin North/sandbox

Kila (the accent is on the second syllable) is a kind of team sport, a Russian ball game, the roots of which go back to the times of the Novgorod princedom. Kila, unlike traditional football, contains elements of power combat techniques and allows players to use hands and feet, as well as other parts of the body. The goal of the game is to bring a ball into the opponent's scored area, which is located behind one of the lines of the playing field and is defended by the opponent's side.

THE HISTORY
Kila is a native Russian game. In Russia, the first mentions of team games with the ball refer to the times of the Novgorod princedom. This is proved by the Novgorod excavations of the 10th-11th centuries, as a result of which semblances of leather balls filled with hair and grain were found. And the name of the game "kila" comes from the name of this game shell.

In 1793, the artist Heusler Christian captured this Russian ball game on his engraving "Das Ballspiel". The first comprehensive description of kila was published in the newspaper "Vologodskie Vedomosti" in 1867. The Russian writer Nikolai Pomyalovsky in the work "Sketches of the seminary", where he narrates about his student life and his entertainments in the form of kila game, gave the most detailed presentation of game rules.

The modern description of kila was given by Professor Boris Gorbunov in the historical and ethnographic study "The Military Competitive and Game Tradition in the Russian Folk Culture" in 1999.

The kila game based on rules developed with the help of ethnographic and historical data was played on August 24, 2014 in Krasnoznamensk. Currently, the task is to transform the game into a modern spectacular sport while preserving the unique identity. To accomplish this task, various events are carried out, for example, the open kila tournament at the festival "Rus is alive" which was held in Vladimir on November 5, 2014.

On May 18, 2015 in Moscow, Dmitry Chernyak founded the Federation of kila (the Interregional Public Organization for the development of the Russian traditional game). In 2015, 2016 and 2017 the Federation became the winner of the award of the governor of the Moscow region "Our Moscow region".

Today, the kila has become quite popular during folk festivals in different regions of Russia (there is even a team in Odessa, Ukraine). More than 20 teams from all over the country take part in the open all-Russian championship on kila which is called "Bogatyrskaya secha".

THE RULES
The game is played by a leather ball with a diameter of 25 cm and a thickness of 12 cm, weighing 1.5 kg.

The size of the playing field, which is a rectangle, can vary depending on the number of players. The boundaries of the field are indicated by lines or a rope fixed on the ground. Also, to denote the middle of the field, a line is drawn. As a cover of the field can be used materials, including components used in football matches, ground, sand, snow, etc.

The equipment of the players includes sneakers, elastic bandages for the legs, T-shirts and protective shirts with team numbers.

The goal of the game is to take the "home" of the opponent, in other words, to bring the ball into the score zone behind the home line. If a player is completely in a standing or lying position behind the home line (all parts of the body must be beyond the line), the “home” is considered to be taken.

The game is played in 2 or 4 fights. One battle finishes when one of the teams takes the opponent’s “home” five times. In the case of a tie, an additional battle is appointed, which should determine the winner. The draw decides which team starts the game first.

There are two ways to play the game - "earth" and "air" - when a ball on the ground it can be touched only with feet, but if it is in the air players can only use their hands.

A ball is considered to have gone beyond the field if it crosses the line on the ground or air, or a player carrying a ball in his hand goes with his foot out of the field or touches the ground with any part of the body outside the boundary of the playing field. If a player of one team holds a ball for more than 5 seconds lying on the ground, an opposing team automatically gets a ball.

The actions allowed in the game are: meeting and pushing an opponent by body, withholding and grabbing an opponent with hands, low-amplitude throws, hitting the ball with legs or hands, taking away and punting the ball from the opponent, arm punches in a chest. The actions forbidden in the game are: actions outside the borders, arm punches in a back or shoulder, undercutting, tripping, catching opponent’s legs with legs, doing intentional injury, grabbing opponent’s genitals, grabbing neck and head, taking ball from the ground to own hands or moving the ball from a hand to own leg, strikes on the opponents. For violations, cautions are imposed. Repeated violations lead to the sending off. Fighting lying on the ground may be maximum 5 seconds, after which participants must get back on their feet and continue the game. If the attacking player does not get back on his feet during 5 seconds, the ball passes to the opponent team.