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The Confederation of Pacific Workers' Republics (Spanish: Confederación de las Repúblicas Obreras del Pacífico; CROP) was a Marxist–Leninist international organization founded in 1931 that advocated for international communism. Developed in Bolivia by José Antonio Arze, the organization was founded by members of the country's clandestine communist party. Conceived of as a confederation of communist parties in Bolivia, Chile, and Peru, its aim was the unification of all three states into a single political union that would eventually hold membership within a future Soviet-led worldwide communist society. It unsuccessfully lobbied for recognition from the Communist International but received little international support and was quickly dissolved into a short-lived Communist Party of Bolivia.

Background
Another leftist cell formed around this time was the Revolutionary Socialist Group, which counted the membership of Álvarez, Arze, Cuadros, Guevara, and thirty-six other individuals.

Waldo Álvarez, obrero y dirigente sindical a quien Arze había conocido a través de su amigo y correligionario José Cuadros Quiroga, quien trabajaba entonces en El Diario. (37)

Formation and internal structure
In private conversations with Álvarez, Arze began conceptualizing ideas for a new form of communist organizing that could reach beyond national boundaries. Arze even developed a statute for this hypothetical organization, which he presented in 1930 during a meeting with Álvarez and Cuadros Quiroga at the residence of the former. The so-called Confederation of Pacific Workers' Republics (CROP) was to unite the various communist parties of Bolivia, Chile, and Peru, with the eventual aim of former a political union between all three states. In his writings, Arze argued that, alone, Bolivia did not have the necessary capacity to achieve revolutionary change, for which he argued that only through union with the workers' movements of neighboring countries could the proletarian revolution take place. Members of the PCC quickly adopted Arze's proposal; the statute was passed on 18 October 1931, and Álvarez was appointed as the CROP's general secretary. (S37) Although closely linked, the PCC and CROP remained separate entities, though membership often overlaped. (SS 1336)

Given Arze's history as a leader in the Bolivian student movement, many of the CROP's primary objectives reflected a dedication to the advancement of popular education and academic development. Not until the very end of the document are political matters such as the formation of a Bolivian communist party even considered. Instead, the statute's opening paragraphs refer to such goals as the creation of a popular university and a Marxist library. Additionally, to gain membership, one was required to defend a thesis about some Marxist topic and contribute at least four Marxist tomes to the CROP's library. Once in, members were expected to constantly educate themselves on Marxism by attending seminars on workers' rights and taking courses at universities. In every sense, the organization operated more as a Marxist university than a political party. (S38)

Principles and ideology
Members of the CROP—labeled cropistas—declared themselves internationalists and adherents to the political goals of the Comintern. The CROP outlined as its final objective the organization's membership within an eventual globe-spanning polity led by the Soviet Union. Politically, the organization espoused the need for a dictatorship of the proletariat to be established in the event of its arrival to power. This would be achieved through the "intensification of cooperative and union organizing, in coordination with the plans of the Latin American Syndical Confederation (CSLA)." (S39)

In his analysis of the CROP's founding statute, Russian writer Andrey Schelchkov regards the document as a "curious and remarkable example of Arze's political creativity." At the same time, the statute "contained all the elements that provoked not only the opposition but also the indignation of the Comintern." As stated by Pablo Stefanoni: "the project is a reflection of the political immaturity of the young Marxists who would soon crash into the dry workerismof the Third Period of the Comintern." (S37-38)

Relations with the Communist International
Arze first presented the CROP's founding statute to the South American Bureau of the Communist International (BSA) during a visit to its headquarters in Buenos Aires. (S40) There, he requested that the Comintern recognize the CROP as the sole official communist organization in Bolivia and that the bureau provide them with instructions on how to move forward in unifying with communist parties in Chile and Peru. (41) The proposal was met with skepticism from the Comintern. On the one hand, the body viewed any attempt at forming a multinational party as an attack on its own power, for which it had already previously condemned the Peruvian Aprista Party. On the other hand, the idea of the CROP in and of itself challenged the concept of socialism in one country, the current dogma being promoted by Soviet leadership. (SS 1335)

Arze never fully comprehended the Comintern's misgivings, a product of his overreliance on the organization's official posture, ignoring the internal power struggles in the Soviet Union that truly drove the body's actions. (SS 1335) As such, he continued to pursue relations with the Comintern, traveling to its new headquarters in Montevideo in late 1931. For this trip, it was originally intended for Mendoza to accompany Arze, given his closer relations with members of the BSA. However, financial constraints forced Arze to go it alone. (S41-42) Starting from 29 October, Arze spent seventeen days in Montevideo, trying in vain to convince representatives of the BSA and CSLA on the CROP's potential. (S24) He was met with resounding rejection by both groups. The cropistas were branded with the same stigma as the apristas before them, accused by the BSA of being "pseudo anti-imperialists" and by CSLA of having "almost nothing in common with revolutionary syndicalism." (S43-44)